sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase;
glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+];
sn-glycerol-1-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase;
G-1-P dehydrogenase;
Gro1PDH;
AraM

Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-OH group of donors;
With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor

sn-glycerol-1-phosphate:NAD(P)+ 2-oxidoreductase

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate + NAD(P)+ = glycerone phosphate + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN:R05679 R05680]

R05679 R05680

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate [CPD:C00623];
NAD+ [CPD:C00003];
NADP+ [CPD:C00006]

This enzyme is found primarily as a Zn2+-dependent form in archaea but a Ni2+-dependent form has been found in Gram-positive bacteria [6]. The Zn2+-dependent metalloenzyme is responsible for the formation of archaea-specific sn-glycerol-1-phosphate, the first step in the biosynthesis of polar lipids in archaea. It is the enantiomer of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, the form of glycerophosphate found in bacteria and eukaryotes. The other enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of polar lipids in archaea are EC 2.5.1.41 (phosphoglycerol geranylgeranyltransferase) and EC 2.5.1.42 (geranylgeranylglycerol-phosphate geranylgeranyltransferase), which together alkylate the hydroxy groups of glycerol 1-phosphate to give unsaturated archaetidic acid, which is acted upon by EC 2.7.7.67 (CDP-archaeol synthase) to form CDP-unsaturated archaeol. The final step in the pathway involves the addition of L-serine, with concomitant removal of CMP, leading to the production of unsaturated archaetidylserine [4]. Activity of the enzyme is stimulated by K+ [2].

1  [PMID:8586635]

Nishihara M, Koga Y

sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum: key enzyme in biosynthesis of the enantiomeric glycerophosphate backbone of ether phospholipids of archaebacteria.

J. Biochem. 117 (1995) 933-5.

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum [GN:mth]

2  [PMID:9348086]

Nishihara M, Koga Y

Purification and properties of sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum: characterization of the biosynthetic enzyme for the enantiomeric glycerophosphate backbone of ether polar lipids of Archaea.

J. Biochem. 122 (1997) 572-6.

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum [GN:mth]

3  [PMID:9419225]

Koga Y, Kyuragi T, Nishihara M, Sone N.

Did archaeal and bacterial cells arise independently from noncellular precursors? A hypothesis stating that the advent of membrane phospholipid with enantiomeric glycerophosphate backbones caused the separation of the two lines of descent.

J. Mol. Evol. 46 (1998) 54-63.

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum [GN:mth]

4  [PMID:10960477]

Morii H, Nishihara M, Koga Y

CTP:2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate cytidyltransferase in the methanogenic archaeon Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus.

J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 36568-74.

Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus

5  [PMID:15876564]

Han JS, Ishikawa K

Active site of Zn(2+)-dependent sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Archaea. 1 (2005) 311-7.

Aeropyrum pernix [GN:ape]

6  [PMID:18558723]

Guldan H, Sterner R, Babinger P

Identification and characterization of a bacterial glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase: Ni(2+)-dependent AraM from Bacillus subtilis.

Biochemistry. 47 (2008) 7376-84.

Bacillus subtilis [GN:bsu]