| Entry |
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| Name |
deoxyribonuclease IV;
deoxyribonuclease IV (phage-T4-induced) (misleading);
endodeoxyribonuclease IV (phage T4-induced) (misleading);
E. coli endonuclease IV;
endodeoxyribonuclease (misleading);
redoxyendonuclease;
deoxriboendonuclease (misleading);
endonuclease II;
endonuclease IV;
DNA-adenine-transferase;
nfo (gene name)
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| Class |
Hydrolases;
Acting on ester bonds;
Endodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
Endonucleolytic cleavage of ssDNA at apurinic/apyrimidinic sites to 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products
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| Comment |
The enzyme is an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site endonuclease that primes DNA repair synthesis at AP sites. It specifically cleaves the DNA backbone at AP sites and also removes 3' DNA-blocking groups such as 3' phosphates, 3' phosphoglycolates, and 3' alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes that arise from oxidative base damage and the activity of combined glycosylase/lyase enzymes. It is also the only known repair enzyme that is able to cleave the DNA backbone 5' of the oxidative lesion alpha-deoxyadenosine. The enzyme has a strong preference for single-stranded DNA.
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| History |
EC 3.1.21.2 created 1972 as EC 3.1.4.30, transferred 1978 to EC 3.1.21.2, modified 2014
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| Orthology |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Friedberg EC, Goldthwait DA. |
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| Title |
Endonuclease II of E. coli. I. Isolation and purification. |
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| Journal |
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 62 (1969) 934-40. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Friedberg EC, Hadi SM, Goldthwait DA. |
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| Title |
Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli. II. Enzyme properties and studies on the degradation of alkylated and native deoxyribonucleic acid. |
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| Journal |
J. Biol. Chem. 244 (1969) 5879-89. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Hadi SM, Goldthwait DA. |
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| Title |
Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli. Degradation of partially depurinated deoxyribonucleic acid. |
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| Journal |
Biochemistry. 10 (1971) 4986-93. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Cunningham RP, Saporito SM, Spitzer SG, Weiss B |
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| Title |
Endonuclease IV (nfo) mutant of Escherichia coli. |
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| Journal |
J. Bacteriol. 168 (1986) 1120-7. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Ide H, Tedzuka K, Shimzu H, Kimura Y, Purmal AA, Wallace SS, Kow YW |
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| Title |
Alpha-deoxyadenosine, a major anoxic radiolysis product of adenine in DNA, is a substrate for Escherichia coli endonuclease IV. |
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| Journal |
Biochemistry. 33 (1994) 7842-7. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Hosfield DJ, Guan Y, Haas BJ, Cunningham RP, Tainer JA |
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| Title |
Structure of the DNA repair enzyme endonuclease IV and its DNA complex: double-nucleotide flipping at abasic sites and three-metal-ion catalysis. |
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| Journal |
Cell. 98 (1999) 397-408. |
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| Other DBs |
| ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: | 3.1.21.2 |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 3.1.21.2 |
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