| Entry |
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| Name |
(+)-car-3-ene synthase;
3-carene cyclase;
3-carene synthase;
3CAR;
(+)-3-carene synthase
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| Class |
Lyases;
Carbon-oxygen lyases;
Acting on phosphates
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| Sysname |
geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, (+)-car-3-ene-forming]
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
geranyl diphosphate = (+)-car-3-ene + diphosphate [RN: R09963]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
geranyl diphosphate [CPD: C00341]
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| Product |
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| Comment |
The enzyme reacts with (3S)-linalyl diphosphate twice as rapidly as geranyl diphosphate, but 25 times as rapidly as (3R)-linalyl diphosphate. It is assumed that (3S)-linalyl diphosphate is normally formed as an enzyme bound intermediate in the reaction. In the reaction the 5-pro-R hydrogen of geranyl diphosphate is eliminated during cyclopropane ring formation [1,2]. In Picea abies (Norway spruce) and Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) terpinolene is also formed [4,6]. See EC 4.2.3.113 terpinolene synthase. (+)-Car-3-ene is associated with resistance of Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) to white pine weevil [6].
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Savage TJ, Croteau R |
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| Title |
Biosynthesis of monoterpenes: regio- and stereochemistry of (+)-3-carene biosynthesis. |
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| Journal |
Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 305 (1993) 581-7. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Savage TJ, Ichii H, Hume SD, Little DB, Croteau R |
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| Title |
Monoterpene synthases from gymnosperms and angiosperms: stereospecificity and inactivation by cysteinyl- and arginyl-directed modifying reagents. |
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| Journal |
Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 320 (1995) 257-65. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Savage TJ, Hatch MW, Croteau R |
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| Title |
Monoterpene synthases of Pinus contorta and related conifers. A new class of terpenoid cyclase. |
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| Journal |
J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994) 4012-20. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Faldt J, Martin D, Miller B, Rawat S, Bohlmann J |
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| Title |
Traumatic resin defense in Norway spruce (Picea abies): methyl jasmonate-induced terpene synthase gene expression, and cDNA cloning and functional characterization of (+)-3-carene synthase. |
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| Journal |
Plant. Mol. Biol. 51 (2003) 119-33. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Hamberger B, Hall D, Yuen M, Oddy C, Hamberger B, Keeling CI, Ritland C, Ritland K, Bohlmann J |
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| Title |
Targeted isolation, sequence assembly and characterization of two white spruce (Picea glauca) BAC clones for terpenoid synthase and cytochrome P450 genes involved in conifer defence reveal insights into a conifer genome. |
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| Journal |
BMC. Plant. Biol. 9 (2009) 106. |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Hall DE, Robert JA, Keeling CI, Domanski D, Quesada AL, Jancsik S, Kuzyk MA, Hamberger B, Borchers CH, Bohlmann J |
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| Title |
An integrated genomic, proteomic and biochemical analysis of (+)-3-carene biosynthesis in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) genotypes that are resistant or susceptible to white pine weevil. |
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| Journal |
Plant. J. 65 (2011) 936-48. |
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| Other DBs |
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: |
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