KEGG   ENZYME: 1.14.16.4Help
Entry
EC 1.14.16.4                Enzyme                                 
Name
tryptophan 5-monooxygenase;
L-tryptophan hydroxylase;
indoleacetic acid-5-hydroxylase;
tryptophan 5-hydroxylase;
tryptophan hydroxylase
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2;
With reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin [RN:R07213]
Reaction(KEGG)
R07213;
(other) R01814
Show
Substrate
L-tryptophan [CPD:C00078];
tetrahydrobiopterin [CPD:C00272];
O2 [CPD:C00007]
Product
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan [CPD:C00643];
4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin [CPD:C15522]
Comment
The active centre contains mononuclear iron(II). The enzyme is activated by phosphorylation, catalysed by a Ca2+-activated protein kinase. The 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin formed can dehydrate to 6,7-dihydrobiopterin, both spontaneously and by the action of EC 4.2.1.96, 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase. The 6,7-dihydrobiopterin can be enzymically reduced back to tetrahydrobiopterin, by EC 1.5.1.34 (6,7-dihydropteridine reductase), or slowly rearranges into the more stable compound 7,8-dihydrobiopterin.
Pathway
Tryptophan metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Orthology
K00502  
tryptophan 5-monooxygenase
Genes
HSA: 
121278(TPH2) 7166(TPH1)
PTR: 
466453(TPH1) 467070(TPH2)
PPS: 
GGO: 
101132108(TPH1) 101146582(TPH2)
PON: 
100459809(TPH2)
MCC: 
664730(TPH2) 695363(TPH1)
MMU: 
216343(Tph2) 21990(Tph1)
RNO: 
24848(Tph1) 317675(Tph2)
CFA: 
481165(TPH2) 611956(TPH1)
AML: 
FCA: 
101082165(TPH2) 101098575(TPH1)
BTA: 
100336620 781941(TPH1)
SSC: 
100511002(TPH1) 100627725
ECB: 
100009684(TPH2) 100056614(TPH1)
MDO: 
100011937 100020009
SHR: 
100915442(TPH1) 100923184
OAA: 
100090381
GGA: 
395799(TPH1) 408026(TPH2)
MGP: 
100303678(TPH2) 100549515
TGU: 
100228542(TPH2) 100229598(TPH1)
ACS: 
100562860 100564918
XLA: 
387560(tph1)
XTR: 
100486097(tph2) 100497239
DRE: 
352943(tph1a) 407712(tph2)
TRU: 
446047(tph1) 446048(tph2)
OLA: 
101166957(tph2) 101175562(tph1)
BFO: 
BRAFLDRAFT_58122
SPU: 
578903
DME: 
Dmel_CG9122(Trh)
DPO: 
Dpse_GA21560
DAN: 
Dana_GF10077
DER: 
Dere_GG14621
DPE: 
Dper_GL24728
DSE: 
Dsec_GM14234
DSI: 
Dsim_GD13494
DWI: 
Dwil_GK16857
DYA: 
Dyak_GE20982
DGR: 
Dgri_GH15664
DMO: 
Dmoj_GI12709
DVI: 
Dvir_GJ12694
AGA: 
AgaP_AGAP006020
CQU: 
CpipJ_CPIJ019741
AME: 
411200(Trh)
NVI: 
100123183(NV10217)
TCA: 
655758
API: 
100158737
PHU: 
Phum_PHUM538550
ISC: 
IscW_ISCW000796
TET: 
TTHERM_00997520
 » show all
Taxonomy
Reference
1  [PMID:4402511]
  Authors
Friedman PA, Kappelman AH, Kaufman S.
  Title
Partial purification and characterization of tryptophan hydroxylase from rabbit hindbrain.
  Journal
J. Biol. Chem. 247 (1972) 4165-73.
  Organism
Oryctolagus cuniculus
Reference
2  [PMID:315449]
  Authors
Hamon M, Bourgoin S, Artaud F, Glowinski J.
  Title
The role of intraneuronal 5-HT and of tryptophan hydroxylase activation in the control of 5-HT synthesis in rat brain slices incubated in K+-enriched medium.
  Journal
J. Neurochem. 33 (1979) 1031-42.
  Organism
Rattus norvegicus [GN:rno]
Reference
3  [PMID:5309585]
  Authors
Ichiyama A, Nakamura S, Nishizuka Y, Hayaishi O.
  Title
Enzymic studies on the biosynthesis of serotonin in mammalian brain.
  Journal
J. Biol. Chem. 245 (1970) 1699-709.
  Organism
Cavia porcellus
Reference
4  [PMID:5789774]
  Authors
Jequier E, Robinson DS, Lovenberg W, Sjoerdsma A.
  Title
Further studies on tryptophan hydroxylase in rat brainstem and beef pineal.
  Journal
Biochem. Pharmacol. 18 (1969) 1071-81.
  Organism
Bos taurus [GN:bta]
Reference
5  [PMID:12379098]
  Authors
Wang L, Erlandsen H, Haavik J, Knappskog PM, Stevens RC.
  Title
Three-dimensional structure of human tryptophan hydroxylase and its implications for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin.
  Journal
Biochemistry. 41 (2002) 12569-74.
  Organism
Homo sapiens [GN:hsa]
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 
CAS: 
9037-21-2
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