KEGG   ENZYME: 2.4.1.212Help
Entry
EC 2.4.1.212                Enzyme                                 
Name
hyaluronan synthase;
spHAS;
seHAS
Class
Transferases;
Glycosyltransferases;
Hexosyltransferases
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
Alternating UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan] 4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase and UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan] 3-beta-D-glucuronosyltransferase
Reaction(IUBMB)
(1) UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan] = UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan] [RN:R05327 R06068];
(2) UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan] = UDP + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine;
beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan];
UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate [CPD:C00167];
N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan]
Product
UDP [CPD:C00015];
N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan];
beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan]
Comment
The enzyme from Streptococcus Group A and Group C requires Mg2+. The enzyme adds GlcNAc to nascent hyaluronan when the non-reducing end is GlcA, but it adds GlcA when the non-reducing end is GlcNAc [3]. The enzyme is highly specific for UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GlcA; no copolymerization is observed if either is replaced by UDP-Glc, UDP-Gal, UDP-GalNAc or UDP-GalA. Similar enzymes have been found in a variety of organisms.
Orthology
K00752  
hyaluronan synthase
Genes
HSA: 
3036(HAS1) 3037(HAS2) 3038(HAS3)
PTR: 
454195(HAS3) 468978(HAS1) 472850(HAS2)
PPS: 
100974629(HAS1) 100978574(HAS3) 100988254(HAS2)
GGO: 
101133545(HAS1) 101146377(HAS3)
PON: 
MCC: 
703353(HAS2) 704121(HAS3) 719773(HAS1)
MMU: 
15116(Has1) 15117(Has2) 15118(Has3)
RNO: 
25694(Has2) 266805(Has3) 282821(Has1)
CFA: 
482032(HAS2) 489739(HAS3) 611700(HAS1)
AML: 
FCA: 
101096124(HAS3) 101099432(HAS2)
BTA: 
281220(HAS2) 282820(HAS1) 286824(HAS3)
SSC: 
100152156 100191062(HAS1) 100737755 397120(SHAS2) 408053(HAS3)
ECB: 
100009708(HAS2) 100066947(HAS3)
MDO: 
100020005(HAS3) 100025815 100028664(HAS1)
SHR: 
100915210(HAS3) 100915333 100935104
OAA: 
100073390(HAS2) 100077175(HAS3) 100088892
GGA: 
395594(HAS2) 427564(HAS3)
MGP: 
100542703(HAS3) 100546088
TGU: 
100228837(HAS2)
ACS: 
100558635(has3) 100565058(has2) 100566258
XLA: 
379383(has1) 399037(has3) 399146(has2)
XTR: 
100145711(has2) 100145746(has1) 100487554(has3) 100491673
DRE: 
260350(has2) 282555(has3) 403130(has1)
TRU: 
101071409 101075370 101076117
OLA: 
101165478 101171028 101174410
BFO: 
BRAFLDRAFT_103600
PAN: 
PODANSg8543
MTM: 
MYCTH_10713
SSL: 
SS1G_06158
BFU: 
BC1G_01352
AOR: 
AOR_1_618174(AO090005000353)
AFV: 
AFLA_075840
PNO: 
SNOG_10021
ZTR: 
MYCGRDRAFT_12516
PPL: 
POSPLDRAFT_91687
DMA: 
DMR_08420
DAS: 
Daes_1886
DAO: 
Desac_0261
PHL: 
KKY_942
BAH: 
BAMEG_A0121
BAX: 
H9401_5599
BAL: 
BACI_pCIXO101130
BCX: 
BCA_A0112
LSP: 
Bsph_0547
GYM: 
GYMC10_2037
SPY: 
SPy_2200(hasA)
SPZ: 
M5005_Spy_1851(hasA)
SPYM: 
M1GAS476_1901(hasA)
SPM: 
spyM18_2236(hasA)
SPG: 
SpyM3_1851(hasA)
SPS: 
SPs1847
SPH: 
MGAS10270_Spy1970(hasA)
SPJ: 
MGAS2096_Spy1882(hasA)
SPK: 
MGAS9429_Spy1862(hasA)
SPF: 
SpyM51824(hasA)
SPA: 
M6_Spy1869
SPB: 
M28_Spy1883 M28_Spy1884(hasA)
STG: 
MGAS15252_1740(hasA)
SOZ: 
Spy49_1804(hasA)
STZ: 
SPYALAB49_001853
STX: 
MGAS1882_1774(hasA)
SPYA: 
A20_1895(hasA)
SNX: 
SPNOXC_03600(cap3B)
SNU: 
SPNA45_01686
STE: 
STER_0149
STN: 
STND_0048
SEQ: 
SZO_01700
SEZ: 
Sez_0199(hasA)
SEZO: 
SeseC_00231(hasA)
SEU: 
SEQ_0269
SUB: 
SUB1697(hasA)
STK: 
STP_1716(hasA)
CPY: 
Cphy_2212
CAD: 
Curi_c20950
SSG: 
Selsp_0180
SRI: 
SELR_02040
AIN: 
Acin_0825
MSG: 
MSMEI_0464
MSA: 
Mycsm_04036
MCB: 
Mycch_4139
KSK: 
KSE_12220
MTS: 
MTES_0875
BCV: 
Bcav_1161
CFL: 
Cfla_3194
CFI: 
Celf_3613
FRE: 
Franean1_7281
FSY: 
FsymDg_0656
GFO: 
GFO_0015(hasA)
FJO: 
Fjoh_4840
CAO: 
Celal_4149
CLY: 
Celly_0658
KDI: 
Krodi_0331
LAN: 
Lacal_0533
PTQ: 
P700755_000315
FBA: 
FIC_01710
STO: 
ST2021
NKR: 
NKOR_02285
NGA: 
Ngar_c30470
 » show all
Taxonomy
Reference
1  [PMID:8366070]
  Authors
DeAngelis PL, Papaconstantinou J, Weigel PH.
  Title
Molecular cloning, identification, and sequence of the hyaluronan synthase gene from group A Streptococcus pyogenes.
  Journal
J. Biol. Chem. 268 (1993) 19181-4.
  Organism
Streptococcus pyogenes
Reference
2  [PMID:10988250]
  Authors
Jing W, DeAngelis PL.
  Title
Dissection of the two transferase activities of the Pasteurella multocida hyaluronan synthase: two active sites exist in one polypeptide.
  Journal
Glycobiology. 10 (2000) 883-9.
  Organism
Pasteurella multocida [GN:pmu]
Reference
3  [PMID:10473619]
  Authors
DeAngelis PL.
  Title
Molecular directionality of polysaccharide polymerization by the Pasteurella multocida hyaluronan synthase.
  Journal
J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 26557-62.
  Organism
Pasteurella multocida [GN:pmu]
Reference
4  [PMID:15248781]
  Authors
Tlapak-Simmons VL, Baron CA, Weigel PH.
  Title
Characterization of the purified hyaluronan synthase from Streptococcus equisimilis.
  Journal
Biochemistry. 43 (2004) 9234-42.
  Organism
Streptococcus equisimilis
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 
CAS: 
39346-43-5
DBGET integrated database retrieval system