| Entry |
|
|---|
| Name |
phytoene synthase;
prephytoene-diphosphate synthase;
phytoene synthetase;
PSase;
geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyltransferase |
|---|
| Class |
Transferases;
Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups;
Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups (only
sub-subclass identified to date)
 |
|---|
| Sysname |
geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:geranylgeranyl-diphosphate
geranylgeranyltransferase |
|---|
| Reaction(IUBMB) |
(1) 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + prephytoene
diphosphate [RN:R02065];
(2) prephytoene diphosphate = phytoene + diphosphate [RN:R07270] |
|---|
| Reaction(KEGG) |
R07270 > R04218;
R02065;
(other) R07916
 |
|---|
| Substrate |
geranylgeranyl diphosphate [CPD:C00353];
prephytoene diphosphate [CPD:C03427] |
|---|
| Product |
diphosphate [CPD:C00013];
prephytoene diphosphate [CPD:C03427];
phytoene [CPD:C05413] |
|---|
| Comment |
Requires Mn2+ for activity. The enzyme appears to be stereospecific,
normally producing 15-cis-phytoene. However, in Erwinia herbicola,
the product is the 15-trans isomer [2]. |
|---|
| Pathway |
PATH: ec00906 Carotenoid biosynthesis
PATH: ec01062 Biosynthesis of terpenoids and steroids
PATH: ec01070 Biosynthesis of plant hormones
PATH: ec01100 Metabolic pathways |
|---|
| Orthology |
KO: K02291 phytoene synthase |
|---|
| Genes |
ATH: AT5G17230
POP: POPTR_1111208 POPTR_754353
RCU: RCOM_0286430
VVI: 100246195(GSVIVT00023494001) 100252385(GSVIVT00018857001)
OSA: 4342137(Os06g0729000) 4347813(Os09g0555500)
4352846(Os12g0626400)
SBI: SORBI_02g032370(SORBIDRAFT_02g032370)
SORBI_08g022310(SORBIDRAFT_08g022310)
ZMA: 100136882(y1) 100136883(psy3)
PPP: PHYPADRAFT_193252 PHYPADRAFT_232776 PHYPADRAFT_97370
CRE: CHLREDRAFT_59715(PSY1)
OLU: OSTLU_12559 OSTLU_5449 OSTLU_5923
CME: CMM166C
PIC: PICST_79863(CDC43)
PTI: PHATRDRAFT_56481(PSY)
TPS: THAPSDRAFT_22768
PLU: plu4343(crtB)
ESA: ESA_00342
CTU: Ctu_35440(crtB)
VHA: VIBHAR_02163
PSA: PST_3872
NOC: Noc_1042
AEH: Mlg_0906
HHA: Hhal_0577 Hhal_1618
TGR: Tgr7_1524
HNA: Hneap_1548
NMA: NMA1339
NME: NMB1130 NMB1168
NMC: NMC1069
NMN: NMCC_1049
NMI: NMO_0989
NGO: NGO0830
NGK: NGK_0978
CVI: CV_2978
LHK: LHK_02043
RSO: RSc1652(crtB)
RPI: Rpic_1894
RPF: Rpic12D_1565
REU: Reut_A1371 Reut_B4953
REH: H16_A1466 H16_B2206
RME: Rmet_1944 Rmet_4149
CTI: RALTA_A1380(crtB) RALTA_B1982(crtB)
BMA: BMA1482 BMAA2102
BMV: BMASAVP1_1131 BMASAVP1_A1975
BML: BMA10229_1411 BMA10229_A3330
BMN: BMA10247_1248 BMA10247_A2397
BPS: BPSL2090 BPSS2340
BPM: BURPS1710b_2502 BURPS1710b_A1491
BPL: BURPS1106A_2389 BURPS1106A_A3163
BPD: BURPS668_2347 BURPS668_A3277
BPR: GBP346_A2460(hpnD_1)
BTE: BTH_I2098 BTH_II2361
BVI: Bcep1808_1861 Bcep1808_3806
BUR: Bcep18194_A5245 Bcep18194_B0017
BCN: Bcen_5178 Bcen_6145
BCH: Bcen2424_1934 Bcen2424_5681
BCM: Bcenmc03_1958 Bcenmc03_4554
BCJ: BCAL2007 BCAM2833
BAM: Bamb_1922
BAC: BamMC406_1849 BamMC406_5506
BMU: Bmul_1337 Bmul_3173
BMJ: BMULJ_01909(crtB) BMULJ_05351(crtB)
BXE: Bxe_A2303 Bxe_B0010
BPH: Bphy_1006 Bphy_4139
BPY: Bphyt_1883 Bphyt_7027
BGL: bglu_1g13400 bglu_2g22730
BPE: BP1219
BPA: BPP1833
BBR: BB3273
BPT: Bpet3164(crtB)
BAV: BAV2418
RFR: Rfer_1549
POL: Bpro_2017
PNA: Pnap_2964
AAV: Aave_1456
AJS: Ajs_1202
VEI: Veis_0070
DAC: Daci_2572
DIA: Dtpsy_1121
VAP: Vapar_2505
CTT: CtCNB1_1246
MPT: Mpe_A1287
HAR: HEAR1756
MMS: mma_1528(crtB)
LCH: Lcho_2549
NMU: Nmul_A2343
EBA: ebA6810
AZO: azo1883(crtB1) azo1884(crtB2)
DAR: Daro_2706
TMZ: Tmz1t_2158
TBD: Tbd_1697
MFA: Mfla_1469
MMB: Mmol_1177
MEI: Msip34_1420
APP: CAP2UW1_3259
BBA: Bd1725(pys)
AFW: Anae109_4080
MXA: MXAN_0896(crtB)
SCL: sce0581(crtB)
HOH: Hoch_2212 Hoch_3404
PUB: SAR11_0121(crtB)
MLO: mll1068
MES: Meso_1794
PLA: Plav_3040
SME: SMc02055(crtB)
SMD: Smed_1176
ATU: Atu1560(crtB)
ATC: AGR_C_2873(crtB)
ARA: Arad_2139(crtB)
AVI: Avi_2656(crtB)
RET: RHE_CH01834(crtB)
REC: RHECIAT_CH0001920(crtB)
RLE: RL2057
RLT: Rleg2_1498
RLG: Rleg_1696
RHI: NGR_a00440(hpnD) NGR_c13830
LAS: CLIBASIA_00220
BME: BMEI1074
BMF: BAB1_0912
BMB: BruAb1_0905
BMC: BAbS19_I08520
BMS: BR0893
BMT: BSUIS_A0932(crtB)
BOV: BOV_0889
BCS: BCAN_A0907(crtB)
BMR: BMI_I891
OAN: Oant_2334
BJA: bll4732 blr3002
BRA: BRADO1611(crtB) BRADO2628 BRADO4032 BRADO6506(crtB)
BBT: BBta_2967 BBta_4403 BBta_6444(crtB)
RPA: RPA1513(crtB) RPA2828 RPA3742
RPB: RPB_2729 RPB_4010
RPC: RPC_1262 RPC_2773
RPD: RPD_2774 RPD_3765
RPE: RPE_1316 RPE_1812 RPE_2904
RPT: Rpal_1700 Rpal_3169 Rpal_4263
NWI: Nwi_1766 Nwi_2271
OCA: OCAR_6251 OCAR_6673(hpnD)
BHE: BH05660
BQU: BQ04820
BBK: BARBAKC583_0526
BTR: Btr_0850(crtB)
BGR: Bgr_06480
XAU: Xaut_3578 Xaut_4312
AZC: AZC_2891
MEX: Mext_1942 Mext_3012 Mext_4225
MEA: Mex_1p1816 Mex_1p3220(crtB) Mex_1p4618
MDI: METDI2703 METDI3784(crtB) METDI5228
MRD: Mrad2831_2279 Mrad2831_2842 Mrad2831_5424
MET: M446_2494 M446_3735 M446_6349
MPO: Mpop_1833 Mpop_3201 Mpop_4744
MCH: Mchl_2218 Mchl_3237 Mchl_4595
MNO: Mnod_2191 Mnod_7144
BID: Bind_1004 Bind_3154
MSL: Msil_2069 Msil_2858 Msil_3241
CCS: CCNA_02066
CAK: Caul_1711 Caul_3104
PZU: PHZ_c1950(crtB)
RSP: RSP_0270(crtB)
RSH: Rsph17029_1913
RSQ: Rsph17025_1025
RSK: RSKD131_1596
JAN: Jann_0142
RDE: RD1_0119(crtB) RD1_3180
DSH: Dshi_3509(crtB)
HBA: Hbal_1411
ZMO: ZMO0870
ZMN: Za10_0422
NAR: Saro_1814
SAL: Sala_3132
SWI: Swit_1227
ELI: ELI_09895
GOX: GOX2258
GBE: GbCGDNIH1_0955 GbCGDNIH1_1981
ACR: Acry_0118 Acry_1180
GDI: GDI_1622 GDI_2167
GDJ: Gdia_0386 Gdia_1827
APT: APA01_01970 APA01_17430
RRU: Rru_A0494 Rru_A1759
RCE: RC1_1046 RC1_2086(crtB)
MAG: amb1366 amb2508
MGM: Mmc1_0306
BSU: BSU10810(yisP)
BAY: RBAM_010960(yisP)
BPU: BPUM_1012(yisP)
AFL: Aflv_2199
ESI: Exig_0737
EAT: EAT1b_2492
AAC: Aaci_2441 Aaci_2819
LPJ: JDM1_2617(crtM)
LFE: LAF_1787
OOE: OEOE_0064
LME: LEUM_1047
LCI: LCK_00789(crtM)
ACL: ACL_1415
MTU: Rv3397c(phyA)
MTC: MT3505(crtB)
MRA: MRA_3437(phyA)
MTF: TBFG_13432
MTB: TBMG_03448(TBMG_03448.1)
MBO: Mb3430c(phyA)
MBB: BCG_3467c(phyA)
MBT: JTY_3467(phyA)
MPA: MAP3071
MAV: MAV_3886
MVA: Mvan_1579
MGI: Mflv_1846
MMC: Mmcs_5076
MKM: Mkms_5164
MJL: Mjls_5455
MMI: MMAR_4807(crtB)
RER: RER_35730(crtB)
ROP: ROP_08370(crtB)
SCO: SCO6760(SC6A5.09)
SMA: SAV_1024(crtB) SAV_1653(hopD)
SGR: SGR_58t(crtB2) SGR_6828(crtB) SGR_965(hopD)
TFU: Tfu_3076
SRO: Sros_3828
FRA: Francci3_0820 Francci3_1383
FRE: Franean1_5132 Franean1_5716
FAL: FRAAL1429
ACE: Acel_1694
NML: Namu_2501
KRA: Krad_3229
SEN: SACE_3269(crtB) SACE_3539(crtB) SACE_4330(hopD)
SVI: Svir_23110 Svir_26420
AMI: Amir_3811
SAQ: Sare_4931
CAI: Caci_6667
RXY: Rxyl_0844
AFO: Afer_0469
ELE: Elen_2267
ABA: Acid345_1746
ACA: ACP_0813
SRU: SRU_1430(crtB)
AMU: Amuc_1464
GAU: GAU_2406(pys)
RBA: RB9283(crtB)
EMI: Emin_0026
SYN: slr1255(pys)
SYW: SYNW2256(crtB)
SYC: syc2112_c(pys)
SYF: Synpcc7942_1984
SYD: Syncc9605_2394
SYE: Syncc9902_0299
SYG: sync_2607(crtB)
SYR: SynRCC307_0239(crtB)
SYX: SynWH7803_2269(crtB)
SYP: SYNPCC7002_A1936(crtB)
CYA: CYA_0317(crtB)
CYB: CYB_1695(crtB)
TEL: tll1560(pys)
MAR: MAE_12920(pys)
CYT: cce_3755(crtB)
CYP: PCC8801_0309
CYC: PCC7424_1158
CYN: Cyan7425_4189
CYH: Cyan8802_0309
GVI: gvip241(pys)
ANA: alr1833(pys)
NPU: Npun_R2771
AVA: Ava_4794
PMA: Pro0166(crtB)
PMM: PMM0143(crtB)
PMT: PMT2003(crtB)
PMN: PMN2A_1509
PMI: PMT9312_0145
PMB: A9601_01601(crtB)
PMC: P9515_01711(crtB)
PMF: P9303_26641(crtB)
PMG: P9301_01621(crtB)
PMH: P9215_01601(crtB)
PMJ: P9211_01581(crtB)
PME: NATL1_02151(crtB)
TER: Tery_4010
AMR: AM1_4825(psy)
CTE: CT1386
CPC: Cpar_0777
CCH: Cag_1175
CPH: Cpha266_1738
CPB: Cphamn1_0969
CLI: Clim_1585
PVI: Cvib_0699
PLT: Plut_1356
PPH: Ppha_1732
PAA: Paes_1507
CTS: Ctha_0240
RRS: RoseRS_2117
RCA: Rcas_1752
CAU: Caur_2684
CAG: Cagg_0937
CHL: Chy400_2901
HAU: Haur_2703
TRO: trd_1159
DRA: DR_0862
DGE: Dgeo_0523
DDR: Deide_2p01160(crtB)
TTH: TT_P0057
TTJ: TTHB101
TTR: Tter_2046
MEM: Memar_0117
MTH: MTH1808
HAL: VNG1458G(crtB1) VNG1680G(crtB2)
HSL: OE3093R(crtB1) OE3376F(crtB2)
HMA: rrnAC2069(crtB)
HWA: HQ2860A(crtB)
NPH: NP4770A(crtB)
HLA: Hlac_2476
HUT: Huta_0143
HMU: Hmuk_0276
PTO: PTO1535
SSO: SSO2905(crtB)
SAI: Saci_1734
SIA: M1425_0408
SIM: M1627_0422
SID: M164_0446
SIY: YG5714_1668
SIN: YN1551_0908
MSE: Msed_1075
PAS: Pars_0410
 |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
1 [PMID:4819767]
Gregonis DE, Rilling HC.
The stereochemistry of trans-phytoene synthesis. Some observations
on lycopersene as a carotene precursor and a mechanism for the
synthesis of cis- and trans-phytoene.
Biochemistry. 13 (1974) 1538-42.
Mycobacterium sp. |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
2 [PMID:12641468]
Iwata-Reuyl D, Math SK, Desai SB, Poulter CD.
Bacterial phytoene synthase: molecular cloning, expression, and
characterization of Erwinia herbicola phytoene synthase.
Biochemistry. 42 (2003) 3359-65.
Erwinia herbicola |
|---|
Reference
Authors
Title
Journal
Organism
|
3 [PMID:7896759]
Misawa N, Truesdale MR, Sandmann G, Fraser PD, Bird C, Schuch W,
Bramley PM.
Expression of a tomato cDNA coding for phytoene synthase in
Escherichia coli, phytoene formation in vivo and in vitro, and
functional analysis of the various truncated gene products.
J. Biochem. (Tokyo). 116 (1994) 980-5.
Escherichia coli [GN:eco] |
|---|
| Other DBs |
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 2.5.1.32
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 2.5.1.32
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 2.5.1.32
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 2.5.1.32
CAS: 50936-61-3 |
|---|
