PMID:
     14621292
Authors:
     Nakamura Y, Kaneko T, Sato S, Mimuro M, Miyashita H, Tsuchiya T,
     Sasamoto S, Watanabe A, Kawashima K, Kishida Y, Kiyokawa C, Kohara M,
     Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Nakazaki N, Shimpo S, Takeuchi C, Yamada M,
     Tabata S.
Title:
     Complete genome structure of Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421, a cyanobacterium
     that lacks thylakoids.
Journal:
     DNA Res. 2003 Aug 31;10(4):137-45.
Abstract:
     The nucleotide sequence of the entire genome of a cyanobacterium Gloeobacter
     violaceus PCC 7421 was determined. The genome of G. violaceus was a single
     circular chromosome 4,659,019 bp long with an average GC content of 62%. No
     plasmid was detected. The chromosome comprises 4430 potential protein-encoding
     genes, one set of rRNA genes, 45 tRNA genes representing 44 tRNA species and
     genes for tmRNA, B subunit of RNase P, SRP RNA and 6Sa RNA. Forty-one percent of 
     the potential protein-encoding genes showed sequence similarity to genes of known
     function, 37% to hypothetical genes, and the remaining 22% had no apparent
     similarity to reported genes. Comparison of the assigned gene components with
     those of other cyanobacteria has unveiled distinctive features of the G.
     violaceus genome. Genes for PsaI, PsaJ, PsaK, and PsaX for Photosystem I and
     PsbY, PsbZ and Psb27 for Photosystem II were missing, and those for PsaF, PsbO,
     PsbU, and PsbV were poorly conserved. cpcG for a rod core linker peptide for
     phycobilisomes and nblA related to the degradation of phycobilisomes were also
     missing. Potential signal peptides of the presumptive products of petJ and petE
     for soluble electron transfer catalysts were less conserved than the remaining
     portions. These observations may be related to the fact that photosynthesis in G.
     violaceus takes place not in thylakoid membranes but in the cytoplasmic membrane.
     A large number of genes for sigma factors and transcription factors in the LuxR, 
     LysR, PadR, TetR, and MarR families could be identified, while those for major
     elements for circadian clock, kaiABC were not found. These differences may
     reflect the phylogenetic distance between G. violaceus and other cyanobacteria.

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