KEGG PATHWAY: ath04626

PATHWAY: ath04626

Entry

ath04626 Pathway

Name

Plant-pathogen interaction - Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)

Description

Plants lack animal-like adaptive immunity mechanisms, and therefore have evolved a specific system with multiple layers against invading pathogens. The primary response includes the perception of pathogens by cell-surface pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and is referred to as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Activation of FLS2 and EFR triggers MAPK signaling pathway that activates defense genes for antimictobial compounds. The increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration is also a regulator for production of reactive oxygen species and localized programmed cell death/hypersensitive response. The secondary response is called effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Pathogens can acquire the ability to suppress PTI by directly injecting effector proteins into the plant cell through secretion systems. In addition, pathogens can manipulate plant hormone signaling pathways to evade host immune responses using coronatine toxin. Some plants possess specific intracellular surveillance proteins (R proteins) to monitor the presence of pathogen virulence proteins. This ETI occurs with localized programmed cell death to arrest pathogen growth, resulting in cultivar-specific disease resistance.

Class

Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation

Pathway map

ath04626

Plant-pathogen interaction

Module

ath_M00339

RaxAB-RaxC type I secretion system [PATH:ath04626]

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) [GN:ath]

Gene

AT3G10660	CPK2; calmodulin-domain protein kinase cdpk isoform 2 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT2G17290	CPK6; Calcium-dependent protein kinase family protein [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G04700	CPK27; calcium-dependent protein kinase 27 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G04695	CPK31; calcium-dependent protein kinase 31 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT5G19450	CDPK19; calcium-dependent protein kinase 19 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT2G31500	CPK24; calcium-dependent protein kinase 24 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT2G41860	CPK14; calcium-dependent protein kinase 14 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G09570	CPK4; calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G04720	CPK21; calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT5G12480	CPK7; calmodulin-domain protein kinase 7 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT1G74740	CPK30; calcium-dependent protein kinase 30 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT5G23580	CDPK9; calmodulin-like domain protein kinase 9 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT1G18890	CDPK1; calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT1G35670	CDPK2; calcium-dependent protein kinase 2 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G04740	CPK23; calcium-dependent protein kinase 23 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT2G38910	CPK20; calcium-dependent protein kinase 20 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT5G04870	CPK1; calcium dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G35310	CPK5; calmodulin-domain protein kinase 5 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G04710	CPK22; calcium-dependent protein kinase 22 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G21940	CPK15; calcium-dependent protein kinase 15 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT3G20410	CPK9; calmodulin-domain protein kinase 9 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT3G51850	CPK13; calcium-dependent protein kinase 13 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G38230	CPK26; calcium-dependent protein kinase 26 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G23650	CDPK6; calcium-dependent protein kinase 6 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT1G50700	CPK33; calcium-dependent protein kinase 33 [KO:K13412] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT1G64060	RBOH_F; respiratory burst oxidase [KO:K13447] [EC:1.11.1.- 1.6.3.-]
AT5G07390	RBOHA; Respiratory burst oxidase-A [KO:K13447] [EC:1.11.1.- 1.6.3.-]
AT5G47910	RBOHD; respiratory burst oxidase-D [KO:K13447] [EC:1.11.1.- 1.6.3.-]
AT1G01340	CNGC10; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT1G15990	CNGC7; cyclic nucleotide gated channel 7 [KO:K05391]
AT1G19780	CNGC8; cyclic nucleotide gated channel 8 [KO:K05391]
AT2G23980	CNGC6; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT2G24610	CNGC14; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT2G28260	CNGC15; cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 15 [KO:K05391]
AT2G46430	CNGC3; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT2G46450	CNGC12; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT3G17690	CNGC19; cyclic nucleotide gated channel 19 [KO:K05391]
AT3G17700	CNBT1; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT3G48010	CNGC16; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT4G01010	CNGC13; cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 13 [KO:K05391]
AT4G30360	CNGC17; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT4G30560	CNGC9; cyclic nucleotide gated channel 9 [KO:K05391]
AT5G14870	CNGC18; cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 18 [KO:K05391]
AT5G15410	DND1; cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 2 [KO:K05391]
AT5G53130	CNGC1; cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 1 [KO:K05391]
AT5G57940	CNGC5; cyclic nucleotide gated channel [KO:K05391]
AT5G37780	CAM1; calmodulin 1 [KO:K02183]
AT5G57580	Calmodulin-binding protein; K02183 calmodulin [KO:K02183]
AT3G43810	CAM7; calmodulin 7 [KO:K02183]
AT3G56800	CAM3; calmodulin 3 [KO:K02183]
AT1G66410	CAM4; calmodulin 4 [KO:K02183]
AT2G41110	CAM2; calmodulin 2 [KO:K02183]
AT2G27030	CAM5; calmodulin 5 [KO:K02183]
AT3G03400	putative calcium-binding protein CML33; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT1G73630	putative calcium-binding protein CML26; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G50770	CML41; putative calcium-binding protein CML41 [KO:K13448]
AT1G05990	RHS2; calmodulin-like protein 7 [KO:K13448]
AT4G37010	CEN2; calcium-binding protein CML19 [KO:K13448]
AT3G25600	putative calcium-binding protein CML16; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G03410	putative calcium-binding protein CML34; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT1G24620	putative calcium-binding protein CML25; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT4G12860	UNE14; calmodulin-like protein 2 [KO:K13448]
AT3G10300	putative calcium-binding protein CML49; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT2G41410	putative calcium-binding protein CML35; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT5G37770	TCH2; calcium-binding protein CML24 [KO:K13448]
AT1G18210	putative calcium-binding protein CML27; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT2G36180	putative calcium-binding protein CML31; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT5G04170	putative calcium-binding protein CML50; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G59440	calmodulin-like protein 4; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT4G14640	CAM8; calmodulin-like protein 8 [KO:K13448]
AT3G07490	AGD11; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K13448]
AT3G03000	putative calcium-binding protein CML18; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT2G41090	calmodulin-like protein 10; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT2G43290	MSS3; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K13448]
AT3G50360	CEN2; putative calcium-binding protein CML20 [KO:K13448]
AT1G12310	putative calcium-binding protein CML13; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G10190	putative calcium-binding protein CML36; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT5G17470	putative calcium-binding protein CML32; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT5G17480	PC1; putative calcium-binding protein CML29 [KO:K13448]
AT3G22930	CML11; calmodulin-like protein 11 [KO:K13448]
AT4G26470	putative calcium-binding protein CML21; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT1G76640	calcium-binding protein CML39; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT5G42380	CML37; calcium-binding protein CML37 [KO:K13448]
AT2G27480	putative calcium-binding protein CML48; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT5G44460	CML43; putative calcium-binding protein CML43 [KO:K13448]
AT1G76650	CML38; calcium-binding protein CML38 [KO:K13448]
AT3G01830	putative calcium-binding protein CML40; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G51920	CAM9; calmodulin-like protein 9 [KO:K13448]
AT3G47480	putative calcium-binding protein CML47; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G03430	putative calcium-binding protein CML28; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT1G18530	putative calcium-binding protein CML15; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G24110	putative calcium-binding protein CML22; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT2G41100	TCH3; calmodulin-like protein 12 [KO:K13448]
AT1G21550	putative calcium-binding protein CML44; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT4G20780	CML42; calcium-binding protein CML42 [KO:K13448]
AT1G66400	CML23; putative calcium-binding protein CML23 [KO:K13448]
AT1G62820	putative calcium-binding protein CML14; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT4G03290	calmodulin-like protein 6; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT1G32250	putative calcium-binding protein CML17; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT2G15680	calmodulin-like protein 1; K13448 calcium-binding protein CML [KO:K13448]
AT3G47450	NOA1; Nitric oxide synthase 1 [KO:K13427] [EC:1.14.13.39]
AT5G46330	FLS2; LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase FLS2 [KO:K13420] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT4G33430	BAK1; BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-associated receptor kinase 1 [KO:K13416] [EC:2.7.11.1 2.7.10.1]
AT2G13790	SERK4; somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 4 [KO:K13417] [EC:2.7.11.1 2.7.10.1]
AT4G08500	MEKK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 [KO:K13414] [EC:2.7.11.25]
AT4G26070	MEK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
AT4G29810	MKK2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
AT5G56580	MKK6; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
AT1G51660	MKK4; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 [KO:K13413] [EC:2.7.12.2]
AT3G21220	MKK5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 [KO:K13413] [EC:2.7.12.2]
AT2G30250	WRKY25; putative WRKY transcription factor 25 [KO:K13423]
AT2G38470	WRKY33; putative WRKY transcription factor 33 [KO:K13424]
AT4G01250	WRKY22; WRKY transcription factor 22 [KO:K13425]
AT4G23550	WRKY29; putative WRKY transcription factor 29 [KO:K13426]
AT2G19190	FRK1; senescence-induced receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K16224]
AT1G80460	NHO1; glycerol kinase [KO:K00864] [EC:2.7.1.30]
AT2G14610	PR1; pathogenesis-related protein 1 [KO:K13449]
AT4G20360	RABE1b; Elongation factor Tu [KO:K02358]
AT4G02930	Elongation factor Tu; K02358 elongation factor Tu [KO:K02358]
AT5G20480	EFR; LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase EFR [KO:K13428] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT3G25070	RIN4; RPM1 interacting protein 4 [KO:K13456]
AT3G07040	RPM1; disease resistance protein RPM1 [KO:K13457]
AT5G51700	PBS2; disease resistance protein [KO:K13458]
AT4G11260	SGT1B; phosphatase SGT1b [KO:K12795]
AT4G23570	SGT1A; phosphatase SGT1a [KO:K12795]
AT3G07770	Hsp89.1; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 89.1 [KO:K09487]
AT2G04030	CR88; Chaperone protein htpG family protein [KO:K09487]
AT5G52640	HSP90.1; heat shock protein 81-1 [KO:K04079]
AT5G56030	HSP81-2; heat shock protein 81-2 [KO:K04079]
AT5G56000	Hsp81.4; molecular chaperone HtpG [KO:K04079]
AT5G56010	HSP81-3; heat shock protein 81-3 [KO:K04079]
AT4G26090	RPS2; disease resistance protein RPS2 [KO:K13459]
AT5G13160	PBS1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PBS1 [KO:K13430] [EC:2.7.11.1]
AT1G12220	RPS5; disease resistance protein RPS5 [KO:K13460]
AT3G43300	ATMIN7; guanine nucleotide-exchange factor [KO:K13462]
AT2G39940	COI1; Coronatine-insensitive protein 1 [KO:K13463]
AT3G17860	JAZ3; protein TIFY 6B [KO:K13464]
AT1G19180	JAZ1; protein TIFY 10A [KO:K13464]
AT1G48500	JAZ4; protein TIFY 6A [KO:K13464]
AT1G17380	JAZ5; protein TIFY 11A [KO:K13464]
AT1G70700	TIFY7; protein TIFY 7 [KO:K13464]
AT1G72450	JAZ6; protein TIFY 11B [KO:K13464]
AT1G74950	TIFY10B; protein TIFY 10B [KO:K13464]
AT3G43440	JAZ11; protein TIFY 3A [KO:K13464]
AT5G13220	JAZ10; protein TIFY 9 [KO:K13464]
AT5G20900	JAZ12; protein TIFY 3B [KO:K13464]
AT1G32640	MYC2; transcription factor MYC2 [KO:K13422]
AT3G21630	CERK1; chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 [KO:K13429]
AT5G45260	RRS1; putative WRKY transcription factor 52 [KO:K16225]
AT5G45250	RPS4; TIR-NBS-LRR class disease resistance protein [KO:K16226]
AT2G43790	MPK6; mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 [KO:K14512] [EC:2.7.11.24]
AT3G45640	MPK3; extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
AT4G01370	MPK4; mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]

Compound

C00027	Hydrogen peroxide
C00076	Calcium cation
C00533	Nitric oxide
C00704	O2.-
C08491	(-)-Jasmonic acid
C16790	Coronatine
C16844	Hydroxyl radical

Reference

PMID:18206360

Authors

Zipfel C

Title

Pattern-recognition receptors in plant innate immunity.

Journal

Curr Opin Immunol 20:10-6 (2008)

Reference

PMID:19748302

Authors

Chinchilla D, Shan L, He P, de Vries S, Kemmerling B

Title

One for all: the receptor-associated kinase BAK1.

Journal

Trends Plant Sci 14:535-41 (2009)

Reference

PMID:19423812

Authors

Boller T, He SY

Title

Innate immunity in plants: an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens.

Journal

Science 324:742-4 (2009)

Reference

PMID:19794842

Authors

Ma W, Smigel A, Verma R, Berkowitz GA

Title

Cyclic nucleotide gated channels and related signaling components in plant innate immunity.

Journal

Plant Signal Behav 4:277-82 (2009)

Reference

PMID:11875555

Authors

Asai T, Tena G, Plotnikova J, Willmann MR, Chiu WL, Gomez-Gomez L, Boller T, Ausubel FM, Sheen J

Title

MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity.

Journal

Nature 415:977-83 (2002)

Reference

PMID:15922649

Authors

Zipfel C, Felix G

Title

Plants and animals: a different taste for microbes?

Journal

Curr Opin Plant Biol 8:353-60 (2005)

Reference

PMID:17451411

Authors

He P, Shan L, Sheen J

Title

Elicitation and suppression of microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity in plant-microbe interactions.

Journal

Cell Microbiol 9:1385-96 (2007)

Reference

PMID:17876517

Authors

de Wit PJ

Title

How plants recognize pathogens and defend themselves.

Journal

Cell Mol Life Sci 64:2726-32 (2007)

Reference

PMID:16497589

Authors

Chisholm ST, Coaker G, Day B, Staskawicz BJ

Title

Host-microbe interactions: shaping the evolution of the plant immune response.

Journal

Cell 124:803-14 (2006)

Reference

PMID:16677430

Authors

McHale L, Tan X, Koehl P, Michelmore RW

Title

Plant NBS-LRR proteins: adaptable guards.

Journal

Genome Biol 7:212 (2006)

Reference

PMID:11459065

Authors

Dangl JL, Jones JD

Title

Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection.

Journal

Nature 411:826-33 (2001)

Reference

PMID:17108957

Authors

Jones JD, Dangl JL

Title

The plant immune system.

Journal

Nature 444:323-9 (2006)

Reference

PMID:16697674

Authors

da Cunha L, McFall AJ, Mackey D

Title

Innate immunity in plants: a continuum of layered defenses.

Journal

Microbes Infect 8:1372-81 (2006)

Reference

PMID:15862106

Authors

Mudgett MB

Title

New insights to the function of phytopathogenic bacterial type III effectors in plants.

Journal

Annu Rev Plant Biol 56:509-31 (2005)

Reference

PMID:17714518

Authors

Ma W, Berkowitz GA

Title

The grateful dead: calcium and cell death in plant innate immunity.

Journal

Cell Microbiol 9:2571-85 (2007)

Reference

PMID:14711430

Authors

Schulze-Lefert P

Title

Plant immunity: the origami of receptor activation.

Journal

Curr Biol 14:R22-4 (2004)

Reference

PMID:9868361

Authors

Van der Biezen EA, Jones JD

Title

Plant disease-resistance proteins and the gene-for-gene concept.

Journal

Trends Biochem Sci 23:454-6 (1998)

Reference

PMID:16936700

Authors

Abramovitch RB, Anderson JC, Martin GB

Title

Bacterial elicitation and evasion of plant innate immunity.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:601-11 (2006)

KO pathway

ko04626

All links

Pathway (1)   
   BioSystems (1)   
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (153)   
   KEGG GENES (153)   
All databases (155)   

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