Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Bacillus pseudofirmus

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Bacillus pseudofirmus [GN:bpf]

PMID:15102328

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Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)

PMID:14551435

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Science 302:286-90 (2003)

PMID:12022921

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)

PMID:12670965

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)

PMID:17169919

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)

PMID:17030798

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)

PMID:18625006

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)

PMID:18391471

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)

PMID:10613873

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)

PMID:12644499

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)

PMID:18520135

Tanabe S

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)

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[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

PMID:19270684

Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL

Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.

Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)