| Entry |
|
| Name |
mTOR signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
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| Class |
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
 |
| Pathway map |

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| Disease |
| PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) | | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome | | Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) | | Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) | | Polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy | | Focal cortical dysplasia of Taylor |
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| Drug |
| Buformin (USAN/INN) | | Sirolimus (USAN/INN) | | Metformin hydrochloride (JP16/USP) | | Buformin hydrochloride (JP16) | | Everolimus (JAN/USAN/INN) | | Dapiclermin (USAN/INN) | | Metformin (USAN/INN) | | Pegsunercept (USAN) | | Temsirolimus (JAN/USAN/INN) | | Sorafenib tosilate (JAN) | | Bevacizumab (genetical recombination) (JAN) | | Phenformin (BAN) | | Phenformin hydrochloride | | Sorafenib (USAN/INN) | | Ridaforolimus (JAN/USAN) | | Olcorolimus (USAN) |
|
| Organism |
Homo sapiens (human) [GN: hsa]
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| Gene |
| | | IGF1; insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) [KO: K05459] | | IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO: K16172] | | PIK3R1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 (alpha) [KO: K02649] | | PIK3R5; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 5 [KO: K02649] | | PIK3R2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 2 (beta) [KO: K02649] | | PIK3R3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3 (gamma) [KO: K02649] | | PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha [KO: K00922] [EC: 2.7.1.153] | | PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit delta [KO: K00922] [EC: 2.7.1.153] | | PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit beta [KO: K00922] [EC: 2.7.1.153] | | PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit gamma [KO: K00922] [EC: 2.7.1.153] | | | | PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 [KO: K06276] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | AKT1; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 [KO: K04456] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | AKT2; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 [KO: K04456] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | AKT3; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma) [KO: K04456] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | AKT1S1; AKT1 substrate 1 (proline-rich) [KO: K16184] | | TSC1; tuberous sclerosis 1 [KO: K07206] | | TSC2; tuberous sclerosis 2 [KO: K07207] | | RHEB; Ras homolog enriched in brain [KO: K07208] | | MLST8; MTOR associated protein, LST8 homolog (S. cerevisiae) [KO: K08266] | | RRAGA; Ras-related GTP binding A [KO: K16185] | | RRAGB; Ras-related GTP binding B [KO: K16185] | | RRAGC; Ras-related GTP binding C [KO: K16186] | | RRAGD; Ras-related GTP binding D [KO: K16186] | | MTOR; mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase) [KO: K07203] | | RPTOR; regulatory associated protein of MTOR, complex 1 [KO: K07204] | | RICTOR; RPTOR independent companion of MTOR, complex 2 [KO: K08267] | | HIF1A; hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor) [KO: K08268] | | VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A [KO: K05448] | | RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1 [KO: K04688] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 2 [KO: K04688] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | EIF4B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B [KO: K03258] | | RPS6; ribosomal protein S6 [KO: K02991] | | EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 [KO: K07205] | | EIF4E; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E [KO: K03259] | | EIF4E2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family member 2 [KO: K03259] | | EIF4E1B; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family member 1B [KO: K03259] | | | | | | | | | | | | RPS6KA3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 3 [KO: K04373] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | RPS6KA1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 1 [KO: K04373] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | RPS6KA2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 2 [KO: K04373] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | RPS6KA6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 6 [KO: K04373] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | DDIT4; DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4 [KO: K08270] | | TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO: K03156] | | IKBKB; inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta [KO: K07209] [EC: 2.7.11.10] | | STK11; serine/threonine kinase 11 [KO: K07298] | | STRADA; STE20-related kinase adaptor alpha [KO: K08271] | | CAB39; calcium binding protein 39 [KO: K08272] | | CAB39L; calcium binding protein 39-like [KO: K08272] | | PRKAA1; protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit [KO: K07198] [EC: 2.7.11.11] | | PRKAA2; protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit [KO: K07198] [EC: 2.7.11.11] | | BRAF; v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 [KO: K04365] [EC: 2.7.11.1] | | | | | | |
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| Compound |
| AMP | | 1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide | | Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate | | Wortmannin | | Temsirolimus | | AP 23573 | | LY 294002 | | Sirolimus (USAN/INN) | | Metformin hydrochloride (JP16/USP) | | Everolimus (JAN/USAN/INN) |
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| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Inoki K, Corradetti MN, Guan KL. |
| Title |
Dysregulation of the TSC-mTOR pathway in human disease. |
| Journal |
Nat Genet 37:19-24 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Petroulakis E, Mamane Y, Le Bacquer O, Shahbazian D, Sonenberg N. |
| Title |
mTOR signaling: implications for cancer and anticancer therapy. |
| Journal |
Br J Cancer 94:195-9 (2006) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Sarbassov dos D, Ali SM, Sabatini DM. |
| Title |
Growing roles for the mTOR pathway. |
| Journal |
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:596-603 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Wullschleger S, Loewith R, Hall MN. |
| Title |
TOR signaling in growth and metabolism. |
| Journal |
Cell 124:471-84 (2006) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Plas DR, Thompson CB. |
| Title |
Akt-dependent transformation: there is more to growth than just surviving. |
| Journal |
Oncogene 24:7435-42 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Levine AJ, Feng Z, Mak TW, You H, Jin S. |
| Title |
Coordination and communication between the p53 and IGF-1-AKT-TOR signal transduction pathways. |
| Journal |
Genes Dev 20:267-75 (2006) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Hardie DG. |
| Title |
The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway--new players upstream and downstream. |
| Journal |
J Cell Sci 117:5479-87 (2004) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Hardie DG. |
| Title |
New roles for the LKB1-->AMPK pathway. |
| Journal |
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:167-73 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Astrinidis A, Henske EP. |
| Title |
Tuberous sclerosis complex: linking growth and energy signaling pathways with human disease. |
| Journal |
Oncogene 24:7475-81 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Feng Z, Zhang H, Levine AJ, Jin S. |
| Title |
The coordinate regulation of the p53 and mTOR pathways in cells. |
| Journal |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:8204-9 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Altomare DA, Testa JR. |
| Title |
Perturbations of the AKT signaling pathway in human cancer. |
| Journal |
Oncogene 24:7455-64 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Kwiatkowski DJ, Manning BD. |
| Title |
Tuberous sclerosis: a GAP at the crossroads of multiple signaling pathways. |
| Journal |
Hum Mol Genet 14 Spec No. 2:R251-8 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Guertin DA, Sabatini DM. |
| Title |
An expanding role for mTOR in cancer. |
| Journal |
Trends Mol Med 11:353-61 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Tokunaga C, Yoshino K, Yonezawa K. |
| Title |
mTOR integrates amino acid- and energy-sensing pathways. |
| Journal |
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 313:443-6 (2004) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Hennessy BT, Smith DL, Ram PT, Lu Y, Mills GB. |
| Title |
Exploiting the PI3K/AKT pathway for cancer drug discovery. |
| Journal |
Nat Rev Drug Discov 4:988-1004 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Luo Z, Saha AK, Xiang X, Ruderman NB. |
| Title |
AMPK, the metabolic syndrome and cancer. |
| Journal |
Trends Pharmacol Sci 26:69-76 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Tee AR, Blenis J. |
| Title |
mTOR, translational control and human disease. |
| Journal |
Semin Cell Dev Biol 16:29-37 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Proud CG. |
| Title |
Ras, PI3-kinase and mTOR signaling in cardiac hypertrophy. |
| Journal |
Cardiovasc Res 63:403-13 (2004) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Sofer A, Lei K, Johannessen CM, Ellisen LW. |
| Title |
Regulation of mTOR and cell growth in response to energy stress by REDD1. |
| Journal |
Mol Cell Biol 25:5834-45 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Deretic V. |
| Title |
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity. |
| Journal |
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB. |
| Title |
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty. |
| Journal |
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Brugarolas J, Kaelin WG Jr. |
| Title |
Dysregulation of HIF and VEGF is a unifying feature of the familial hamartoma syndromes. |
| Journal |
Cancer Cell 6:7-10 (2004) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Hui L, Rodrik V, Pielak RM, Knirr S, Zheng Y, Foster DA. |
| Title |
mTOR-dependent suppression of protein phosphatase 2A is critical for phospholipase D survival signals in human breast cancer cells. |
| Journal |
J Biol Chem 280:35829-35 (2005) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Hall MN |
| Title |
mTOR-what does it do? |
| Journal |
Transplant Proc 40:S5-8 (2008) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Rosner M, Hanneder M, Siegel N, Valli A, Fuchs C, Hengstschlager M |
| Title |
The mTOR pathway and its role in human genetic diseases. |
| Journal |
Mutat Res 659:284-92 (2008) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Kim E, Goraksha-Hicks P, Li L, Neufeld TP, Guan KL |
| Title |
Regulation of TORC1 by Rag GTPases in nutrient response. |
| Journal |
Nat Cell Biol 10:935-45 (2008) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Sancak Y, Peterson TR, Shaul YD, Lindquist RA, Thoreen CC, Bar-Peled L, Sabatini DM |
| Title |
The Rag GTPases bind raptor and mediate amino acid signaling to mTORC1. |
| Journal |
Science 320:1496-501 (2008) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Hoeffer CA, Klann E |
| Title |
mTOR signaling: at the crossroads of plasticity, memory and disease. |
| Journal |
Trends Neurosci 33:67-75 (2010) |
| KO pathway |
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