KEGG PATHWAY: hsa05150

PATHWAY: hsa05150

Entry

hsa05150 Pathway

Name

Staphylococcus aureus infection - Homo sapiens (human)

Description

Staphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the effectiveness of the immune system: secreting immune modulating proteins that inhibit complement activation and neutrophil chemotaxis or lysis, modulating the sensitivity to cationic antimicrobial peptides (such as defensin) by increasing the positive net charge of its cytoplasmic membrane, and expression of superantigens that prevent development of a normal immune response or cause an emetic response when ingested.

Class

Human Diseases; Infectious diseases

Pathway map

hsa05150

Staphylococcus aureus infection

Disease

H00330	Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus (MRSA) infection
H00331	Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus (VRSA) infection

Organism

Homo sapiens (human) [GN:hsa]

Gene

2266	FGG; fibrinogen gamma chain [KO:K03905]
718	C3; complement component 3 [KO:K03990]
629	CFB; complement factor B [KO:K01335] [EC:3.4.21.47]
1675	CFD; complement factor D (adipsin) [KO:K01334] [EC:3.4.21.46]
3075	CFH; complement factor H [KO:K04004]
4153	MBL2; mannose-binding lectin (protein C) 2, soluble [KO:K03991]
5648	MASP1; mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 1 (C4/C2 activating component of Ra-reactive factor) [KO:K03992] [EC:3.4.21.-]
10747	MASP2; mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 2 [KO:K03993] [EC:3.4.21.104]
712	C1QA; complement component 1, q subcomponent, A chain [KO:K03986]
713	C1QB; complement component 1, q subcomponent, B chain [KO:K03987]
714	C1QC; complement component 1, q subcomponent, C chain [KO:K03988]
715	C1R; complement component 1, r subcomponent [KO:K01330] [EC:3.4.21.41]
716	C1S; complement component 1, s subcomponent [KO:K01331] [EC:3.4.21.42]
717	C2; complement component 2 [KO:K01332] [EC:3.4.21.43]
720	C4A; complement component 4A (Rodgers blood group) [KO:K03989]
721	C4B; complement component 4B (Chido blood group) [KO:K03989]
727	C5; complement component 5 [KO:K03994]
719	C3AR1; complement component 3a receptor 1 [KO:K04009]
728	C5AR1; complement component 5a receptor 1 [KO:K04010]
2209	FCGR1A; Fc fragment of IgG, high affinity Ia, receptor (CD64) [KO:K06498]
2212	FCGR2A; Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIa, receptor (CD32) [KO:K06472]
2213	FCGR2B; Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor (CD32) [KO:K12560]
9103	FCGR2C; Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIc, receptor for (CD32) (gene/pseudogene) [KO:K16824]
2214	FCGR3A; Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIa, receptor (CD16a) [KO:K06463]
2215	FCGR3B; Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIb, receptor (CD16b) [KO:K06463]
2204	FCAR; Fc fragment of IgA, receptor for [KO:K06513]
2359	FPR3; formyl peptide receptor 3 [KO:K04173]
2358	FPR2; formyl peptide receptor 2 [KO:K04173]
2357	FPR1; formyl peptide receptor 1 [KO:K04172]
5340	PLG; plasminogen [KO:K01315] [EC:3.4.21.7]
3426	CFI; complement factor I [KO:K01333] [EC:3.4.21.45]
6404	SELPLG; selectin P ligand [KO:K06544]
6403	SELP; selectin P (granule membrane protein 140kDa, antigen CD62) [KO:K06496]
3383	ICAM1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [KO:K06490]
3683	ITGAL; integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 [KO:K05718]
3684	ITGAM; integrin, alpha M (complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit) [KO:K06461]
3689	ITGB2; integrin, beta 2 (complement component 3 receptor 3 and 4 subunit) [KO:K06464]
1828	DSG1; desmoglein 1 [KO:K07596]
3108	HLA-DMA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM alpha [KO:K06752]
3109	HLA-DMB; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta [KO:K06752]
3111	HLA-DOA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO alpha [KO:K06752]
3112	HLA-DOB; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO beta [KO:K06752]
3113	HLA-DPA1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 [KO:K06752]
3115	HLA-DPB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP beta 1 [KO:K06752]
3117	HLA-DQA1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 [KO:K06752]
3118	HLA-DQA2; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2 [KO:K06752]
3119	HLA-DQB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1 [KO:K06752]
3122	HLA-DRA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha [KO:K06752]
3123	HLA-DRB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 [KO:K06752]
3125	HLA-DRB3; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 3 [KO:K06752]
3126	HLA-DRB4; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 [KO:K06752]
3127	HLA-DRB5; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 5 [KO:K06752]
100507709	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen; K06752 major histocompatibility complex, class II [KO:K06752]
100507714	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen; K06752 major histocompatibility complex, class II [KO:K06752]
100509457	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen; K06752 major histocompatibility complex, class II [KO:K06752]
101060835	HLA class II histocompatibility antigen; K06752 major histocompatibility complex, class II [KO:K06752]
5724	PTAFR; platelet-activating factor receptor [KO:K04279]
3586	IL10; interleukin 10 [KO:K05443]
3858	KRT10; keratin 10 [KO:K07604]

Compound

C06042	Lipoteichoic acid
C11596	FMLP
C16054	Defensin alpha-1
C16055	Defensin alpha-2
C16056	Defensin alpha-3
C16057	Defensin alpha-4
C16058	Defensin alpha-5
C16059	Defensin beta-1
C16060	Defensin beta-2
C16061	Defensin beta-3
C16062	Defensin beta-4
C18313	LL-37

Reference

PMID:20178484

Authors

Foster TJ

Title

Colonization and infection of the human host by staphylococci: adhesion, survival and immune evasion.

Journal

Vet Dermatol 20:456-70 (2009)

Reference

PMID:16322743

Authors

Foster TJ

Title

Immune evasion by staphylococci.

Journal

Nat Rev Microbiol 3:948-58 (2005)

Reference

PMID:20062962

Authors

Laarman A, Milder F, van Strijp J, Rooijakkers S

Title

Complement inhibition by gram-positive pathogens: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Journal

J Mol Med 88:115-20 (2010)

Reference

PMID:16242332

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Staphylococcal innate immune evasion.

Journal

Trends Microbiol 13:596-601 (2005)

Reference

PMID:16679003

Authors

Iwatsuki K, Yamasaki O, Morizane S, Oono T

Title

Staphylococcal cutaneous infections: invasion, evasion and aggression.

Journal

J Dermatol Sci 42:203-14 (2006)

Reference

PMID:11361034

Authors

Torres BA, Kominsky S, Perrin GQ, Hobeika AC, Johnson HM

Title

Superantigens: the good, the bad, and the ugly.

Journal

Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 226:164-76 (2001)

Reference

PMID:18061675

Authors

Atkins KL, Burman JD, Chamberlain ES, Cooper JE, Poutrel B, Bagby S, Jenkins AT, Feil EJ, van den Elsen JM

Title

S. aureus IgG-binding proteins SpA and Sbi: host specificity and mechanisms of immune complex formation.

Journal

Mol Immunol 45:1600-11 (2008)

Reference

PMID:16724100

Authors

Silverman GJ, Goodyear CS

Title

Confounding B-cell defences: lessons from a staphylococcal superantigen.

Journal

Nat Rev Immunol 6:465-75 (2006)

Reference

PMID:15273292

Authors

Goodyear CS, Silverman GJ

Title

Staphylococcal toxin induced preferential and prolonged in vivo deletion of innate-like B lymphocytes.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:11392-7 (2004)

Reference

PMID:19112495

Authors

Haupt K, Reuter M, van den Elsen J, Burman J, Halbich S, Richter J, Skerka C, Zipfel PF

Title

The Staphylococcus aureus protein Sbi acts as a complement inhibitor and forms a tripartite complex with host complement Factor H and C3b.

Journal

PLoS Pathog 4:e1000250 (2008)

Reference

PMID:16111912

Authors

Bokarewa MI, Jin T, Tarkowski A

Title

Staphylococcus aureus: Staphylokinase.

Journal

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38:504-9 (2006)

Reference

PMID:16086019

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, Ruyken M, Roos A, Daha MR, Presanis JS, Sim RB, van Wamel WJ, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Immune evasion by a staphylococcal complement inhibitor that acts on C3 convertases.

Journal

Nat Immunol 6:920-7 (2005)

Reference

PMID:19503103

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, Wu J, Ruyken M, van Domselaar R, Planken KL, Tzekou A, Ricklin D, Lambris JD, Janssen BJ, van Strijp JA, Gros P

Title

Structural and functional implications of the alternative complement pathway C3 convertase stabilized by a staphylococcal inhibitor.

Journal

Nat Immunol 10:721-7 (2009)

Reference

PMID:17893203

Authors

Jongerius I, Kohl J, Pandey MK, Ruyken M, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, Rooijakkers SH

Title

Staphylococcal complement evasion by various convertase-blocking molecules.

Journal

J Exp Med 204:2461-71 (2007)

Reference

PMID:18544012

Authors

Hair PS, Ward MD, Semmes OJ, Foster TJ, Cunnion KM

Title

Staphylococcus aureus clumping factor A binds to complement regulator factor I and increases factor I cleavage of C3b.

Journal

J Infect Dis 198:125-33 (2008)

Reference

PMID:16640587

Authors

Higgins J, Loughman A, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, Foster TJ

Title

Clumping factor A of Staphylococcus aureus inhibits phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

Journal

FEMS Microbiol Lett 258:290-6 (2006)

Reference

PMID:20133685

Authors

Laursen NS, Gordon N, Hermans S, Lorenz N, Jackson N, Wines B, Spillner E, Christensen JB, Jensen M, Fredslund F, Bjerre M, Sottrup-Jensen L, Fraser JD, Andersen GR

Title

Structural basis for inhibition of complement C5 by the SSL7 protein from Staphylococcus aureus.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:3681-6 (2010)

Reference

PMID:17848512

Authors

Ramsland PA, Willoughby N, Trist HM, Farrugia W, Hogarth PM, Fraser JD, Wines BD

Title

Structural basis for evasion of IgA immunity by Staphylococcus aureus revealed in the complex of SSL7 with Fc of human IgA1.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:15051-6 (2007)

Reference

PMID:14993252

Authors

de Haas CJ, Veldkamp KE, Peschel A, Weerkamp F, Van Wamel WJ, Heezius EC, Poppelier MJ, Van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterial antiinflammatory agent.

Journal

J Exp Med 199:687-95 (2004)

Reference

PMID:17114475

Authors

Prat C, Bestebroer J, de Haas CJ, van Strijp JA, van Kessel KP

Title

A new staphylococcal anti-inflammatory protein that antagonizes the formyl peptide receptor-like 1.

Journal

J Immunol 177:8017-26 (2006)

Reference

PMID:17132726

Authors

Bestebroer J, Poppelier MJ, Ulfman LH, Lenting PJ, Denis CV, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, de Haas CJ

Title

Staphylococcal superantigen-like 5 binds PSGL-1 and inhibits P-selectin-mediated neutrophil rolling.

Journal

Blood 109:2936-43 (2007)

Reference

PMID:18045383

Authors

Chung MC, Wines BD, Baker H, Langley RJ, Baker EN, Fraser JD

Title

The crystal structure of staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 11 in complex with sialyl Lewis X reveals the mechanism for cell binding and immune inhibition.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 66:1342-55 (2007)

Reference

PMID:12091905

Authors

Chavakis T, Hussain M, Kanse SM, Peters G, Bretzel RG, Flock JI, Herrmann M, Preissner KT

Title

Staphylococcus aureus extracellular adherence protein serves as anti-inflammatory factor by inhibiting the recruitment of host leukocytes.

Journal

Nat Med 8:687-93 (2002)

Reference

PMID:17517597

Authors

Li M, Lai Y, Villaruz AE, Cha DJ, Sturdevant DE, Otto M

Title

Gram-positive three-component antimicrobial peptide-sensing system.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9469-74 (2007)

Reference

PMID:15561843

Authors

Sieprawska-Lupa M, Mydel P, Krawczyk K, Wojcik K, Puklo M, Lupa B, Suder P, Silberring J, Reed M, Pohl J, Shafer W, McAleese F, Foster T, Travis J, Potempa J

Title

Degradation of human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by Staphylococcus aureus-derived proteinases.

Journal

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48:4673-9 (2004)

Reference

PMID:18837785

Authors

Fraser JD, Proft T

Title

The bacterial superantigen and superantigen-like proteins.

Journal

Immunol Rev 225:226-43 (2008)

Reference

PMID:12228315

Authors

Yamaguchi T, Nishifuji K, Sasaki M, Fudaba Y, Aepfelbacher M, Takata T, Ohara M, Komatsuzawa H, Amagai M, Sugai M

Title

Identification of the Staphylococcus aureus etd pathogenicity island which encodes a novel exfoliative toxin, ETD, and EDIN-B.

Journal

Infect Immun 70:5835-45 (2002)

Reference

PMID:16710608

Authors

Pazgier M, Hoover DM, Yang D, Lu W, Lubkowski J

Title

Human beta-defensins.

Journal

Cell Mol Life Sci 63:1294-313 (2006)

Reference

PMID:16184199

Authors

Zhang Q, Mousdicas N, Yi Q, Al-Hassani M, Billings SD, Perkins SM, Howard KM, Ishii S, Shimizu T, Travers JB

Title

Staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid inhibits delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions via the platelet-activating factor receptor.

Journal

J Clin Invest 115:2855-61 (2005)

Reference

PMID:15372083

Authors

Lehrer RI

Title

Primate defensins.

Journal

Nat Rev Microbiol 2:727-38 (2004)

KO pathway

ko05150

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Ontology (2)   
   KEGG BRITE (2)   
Pathway (1)   
   BioSystems (1)   
Disease (2)   
   KEGG DISEASE (2)   
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (59)   
   KEGG GENES (59)   
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