KEGG   PATHWAY: ko00550Help
Entry
ko00550                     Pathway                                
Name
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Description
Peptidoglycan is a macromolecule made of long aminosugar strands cross-linked by short peptides. It forms the cell wall in bacteria surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane. The glycan strands are typically comprised of repeating N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) disaccharides. Each MurNAc is linked to a peptide of three to five amino acid residues. Disaccharide subunits are first assembled on the cytoplasmic side of the bacterial membrane on a polyisoprenoid anchor (lipid I and II). Polymerization of disaccharide subunits by transglycosylases and cross-linking of glycan strands by transpeptidases occur on the other side of the membrane. Bacterial cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors form a major class of antibiotics.
Class
Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
ko00550

All organismsOrtholog table
Drug
D00877  
Cycloserine (JP16/USP/INN)
D00925  
Fosfomycin tromethamine (USAN)
D02187  
Fosfomycin calcium hydrate (JP16)
D02188  
Fosfomycin sodium (JP16)
D04253  
Fosfomycin (USAN/INN)
D07995  
Fosfomycin calcium
D08885  
Ceftobiprole (USAN/INN)
D08886  
Ceftobiprole medocaril (USAN)
D09022  
Tomopenem (INN/USAN)
Orthology
K00790  
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase [EC:2.5.1.7]
K00075  
UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase [EC:1.3.1.98]
K01924  
UDP-N-acetylmuramate--alanine ligase [EC:6.3.2.8]
K01925  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine--D-glutamate ligase [EC:6.3.2.9]
K01928  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate--2,6-diaminopimelate ligase [EC:6.3.2.13]
K01921  
D-alanine-D-alanine ligase [EC:6.3.2.4]
K01929  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide--D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase [EC:6.3.2.10]
K15792  
murE/murF fusion protein [EC:6.3.2.10 6.3.2.13]
K00887  
undecaprenol kinase [EC:2.7.1.66]
K06153  
undecaprenyl-diphosphatase [EC:3.6.1.27]
K01000  
phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase [EC:2.7.8.13]
K02563  
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase [EC:2.4.1.227]
K03980  
virulence factor
K03814  
monofunctional biosynthetic peptidoglycan transglycosylase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K05367  
penicillin-binding protein 1C [EC:2.4.1.-]
K05364  
peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.129]
K05366  
penicillin-binding protein 1A [EC:3.4.-.- 2.4.1.-]
K05365  
penicillin-binding protein 1B [EC:3.4.-.- 2.4.1.129]
K05515  
penicillin-binding protein 2
K03587  
cell division protein FtsI (penicillin-binding protein 3) [EC:2.4.1.129]
K08724  
penicillin-binding protein 2B
K07258  
D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase (penicillin-binding protein 5/6) [EC:3.4.16.4]
K07259  
D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase / D-alanyl-D-alanine-endopeptidase (penicillin-binding protein 4) [EC:3.4.21.- 3.4.16.4]
K07260  
D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase [EC:3.4.16.4]
K05362  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate-L-lysine ligase [EC:6.3.2.7]
K11693  
peptidoglycan pentaglycine glycine transferase (the first glycine) [EC:2.3.2.16]
K11694  
peptidoglycan pentaglycine glycine transferase (the second and third glycine) [EC:2.3.2.17]
K11695  
peptidoglycan pentaglycine glycine transferase (the fourth and fifth glycine) [EC:2.3.2.18]
K12551  
transglycosylase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K04478  
monofunctional glycosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K12552  
penicillin-binding protein 1 [EC:3.4.-.-]
K12553  
penicillin-binding protein 3 [EC:3.4.-.-]
K05363  
serine/alanine adding enzyme [EC:2.3.2.10]
K12554  
alanine adding enzyme [EC:2.3.2.-]
K03693  
penicillin-binding protein
K12555  
penicillin-binding protein 2A [EC:2.3.2.- 2.4.1.129]
K00687  
penicillin-binding protein 2B [EC:2.3.2.-]
K12556  
penicillin-binding protein 2X [EC:2.3.2.-]
Compound
C00009  
Orthophosphate
C00043  
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine
C00105  
UMP
C00133  
D-Alanine
C00692  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate
C00993  
D-Alanyl-D-alanine
C01050  
UDP-N-acetylmuramate
C01212  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine
C04574  
di-trans,poly-cis-Undecaprenyl diphosphate
C04631  
UDP-N-acetyl-3-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine
C04702  
UDPMurAc(oyl-L-Ala-D-gamma-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)
C04851  
MurAc(oyl-L-Ala-D-gamma-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphospho-undecaprenol
C04877  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-gamma-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate
C04882  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-6-carboxy-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C05892  
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-L-lysine
C05893  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C05894  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C05895  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)5-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C05896  
Crosslinked peptideglycan
C05897  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C05898  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C17541  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C17542  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)3-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C17549  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-(L-alanyl-L-alanyl)-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C17550  
Undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-(L-alanyl)-D-alanyl-D-alanine
C17556  
di-trans,poly-cis-Undecaprenyl phosphate
C17558  
di-trans,poly-cis-Undecaprenol
Reference
  Authors
Bouhss A, Trunkfield AE, Bugg TD, Mengin-Lecreulx D
  Title
The biosynthesis of peptidoglycan lipid-linked intermediates.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:208-33 (2008)
Reference
  Authors
Lloyd AJ, Gilbey AM, Blewett AM, De Pascale G, El Zoeiby A, Levesque RC, Catherwood AC, Tomasz A, Bugg TD, Roper DI, Dowson CG
  Title
Characterization of tRNA-dependent peptide bond formation by MurM in the synthesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae peptidoglycan.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 283:6402-17 (2008)
Reference
  Authors
Barreteau H, Kovac A, Boniface A, Sova M, Gobec S, Blanot D
  Title
Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:168-207 (2008)
Reference
  Authors
van Heijenoort J
  Title
Recent advances in the formation of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit.
  Journal
Nat Prod Rep 18:503-19 (2001)
Reference
  Authors
van Heijenoort  J
  Title
Formation of the glycan chains in the synthesis of bacterial peptidoglycan.
  Journal
Glycobiology 11:25R-36R (2001)
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