KEGG   PATHWAY: ko00908
Entry
ko00908                     Pathway                                
Name
Zeatin biosynthesis
Description
Zeatin is a member of the cytokinin family, a class of phytohormones involved in various processes of growth and development in plants. Most abundant cytokinins are adenine-type, where the N6 position of adenine is substituted with an isoprenoid, such as in zeatin, or an aromatic side chain, such as in kinetin. Zeatin can be synthesized in two different pathways: the tRNA pathway and the AMP pathway. In the tRNA pathway zeatin is a recycled product of isopentenylated tRNAs. In the AMP pathway zeatin is synthesized from an isopentenyl donor, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), and AMP, ADP, or ATP by isopentenyltransferases. After synthesis cytokinins can be glucosylated.
Class
Metabolism; Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides
Pathway map
ko00908  Zeatin biosynthesis
ko00908

Other DBs
GO: 0009691
Orthology
K10760  adenylate dimethylallyltransferase (cytokinin synthase) [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
K10717  cytokinin trans-hydroxylase
K00279  cytokinin dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.99.12]
K13492  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.203]
K13493  cytokinin-N-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.-]
K13494  zeatin O-xylosyltransferase [EC:2.4.2.40]
K13496  UDP-glucosyltransferase 73C [EC:2.4.1.-]
K23452  UDP-glucosyltransferase 85A [EC:2.4.1.-]
K00791  tRNA dimethylallyltransferase [EC:2.5.1.75]
K13495  cis-zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [EC:2.4.1.215]
Compound
C00002  ATP
C00008  ADP
C00015  UDP
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00020  AMP
C00029  UDP-glucose
C00033  Acetate
C00147  Adenine
C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
C00190  UDP-D-xylose
C00235  Dimethylallyl diphosphate
C00371  Zeatin
C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
C01513  Lupinate
C01804  Discadenine
C02029  Dihydrozeatin
C03300  O-beta-D-Xylosylzeatin
C03423  O-beta-D-Glucosylzeatin
C04083  N6-(Delta2-Isopentenyl)-adenine
C04432  tRNA containing 6-isopentenyladenosine
C04713  N6-(delta2-Isopentenyl)-adenosine 5'-monophosphate
C07330  3-Methyl-2-butenal
C15545  cis-Zeatin
C15546  O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-cis-zeatin
C16424  Isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate
C16426  Isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate
C16427  Isopentenyl adenosine
C16428  trans-Zeatin riboside triphosphate
C16429  trans-Zeatin riboside diphosphate
C16430  trans-Zeatin riboside monophosphate
C16431  trans-Zeatin riboside
C16441  cis-Zeatin riboside monophosphate
C16443  trans-Zeatin-7-beta-D-glucoside
C16445  Dihydrozeatin riboside monophosphate
C16447  Dihydrozeatin riboside
C16448  Dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside
C16449  cis-Zeatin riboside
C16467  cis-Prenyl-tRNA
C17324  tRNA adenine
Reference
PMID:14726522
  Authors
Kasahara H, Takei K, Ueda N, Hishiyama S, Yamaya T, Kamiya Y, Yamaguchi S, Sakakibara H.
  Title
Distinct isoprenoid origins of cis- and trans-zeatin biosyntheses in Arabidopsis.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:14049-54 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M314195200
Reference
PMID:11313355
  Authors
Takei K, Sakakibara H, Sugiyama T.
  Title
Identification of genes encoding adenylate isopentenyltransferase, a cytokinin biosynthesis enzyme, in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:26405-10 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M102130200
Reference
PMID:11479373
  Authors
Kakimoto T.
  Title
Identification of plant cytokinin biosynthetic enzymes as dimethylallyl diphosphate:ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferases.
  Journal
Plant Cell Physiol 42:677-85 (2001)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pce112
Reference
PMID:15280363
  Authors
Takei K, Yamaya T, Sakakibara H.
  Title
Arabidopsis CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 encode cytokinin hydroxylases that catalyze the biosynthesis of trans-Zeatin.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:41866-72 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M406337200
Reference
PMID:15342621
  Authors
Hou B, Lim EK, Higgins GS, Bowles DJ.
  Title
N-glucosylation of cytokinins by glycosyltransferases of Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:47822-32 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M409569200
Reference
PMID:9874810
  Authors
Martin RC, Mok MC, Mok DW
  Title
Isolation of a cytokinin gene, ZOG1, encoding zeatin O-glucosyltransferase from Phaseolus lunatus.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:284-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.96.1.284
Reference
PMID:10364407
  Authors
Martin RC, Mok MC, Mok DW
  Title
A gene encoding the cytokinin enzyme zeatin O-xylosyltransferase of Phaseolus vulgaris.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 120:553-8 (1999)
DOI:10.1104/pp.120.2.553
Reference
PMID:12644686
  Authors
Veach YK, Martin RC, Mok DW, Malbeck J, Vankova R, Mok MC
  Title
O-glucosylation of cis-zeatin in maize. Characterization of genes, enzymes, and endogenous cytokinins.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 131:1374-80 (2003)
DOI:10.1104/pp.017210
Reference
PMID:14555694
  Authors
Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmulling T
  Title
Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity.
  Journal
Plant Cell 15:2532-50 (2003)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.014928
Reference
PMID:17062755
  Authors
Miyawaki K, Tarkowski P, Matsumoto-Kitano M, Kato T, Sato S, Tarkowska D, Tabata S, Sandberg G, Kakimoto T
  Title
Roles of Arabidopsis ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferases and tRNA isopentenyltransferases in cytokinin biosynthesis.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16598-603 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0603522103
Related
pathway
ko00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis

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Gene (10)   
   KEGG ORTHOLOGY (10)   
All databases (10)   

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