| Entry |
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| Name |
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
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| Description |
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD: M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD: M00018].
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| Class |
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
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| Pathway map |
| Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism |
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| Module |
| Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH: map00260] | | Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH: map00260] | | Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH: map00260] | | Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH: map00260] |
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| Disease |
| Primary hyperoxaluria (HP) | | Cystathioninuria | | Homocystinuria | | Hypermethioninemia | | Nonketotic hyperglycinemia | | Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency | | Creatine deficiency syndrome | | Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase deficiency (DMGDHD) | | 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PGDH) deficiency | | Phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT) deficiency |
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| Other DBs |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds). |
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| Title |
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese) |
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| Journal |
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E. |
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| Title |
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp. |
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| Journal |
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H. |
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| Title |
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine. |
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| Journal |
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E. |
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| Title |
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase. |
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| Journal |
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C. |
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| Title |
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens. |
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| Journal |
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J |
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| Title |
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation. |
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| Journal |
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Rees WD, Hay SM |
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| Title |
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell. |
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| Journal |
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD |
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| Title |
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity. |
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| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD |
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| Title |
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine. |
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| Journal |
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004) |
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| KO pathway |
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