KEGG PATHWAY: mcc05012

PATHWAY: mcc05012

Entry

mcc05012 Pathway

Name

Parkinson's disease - Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey)

Description

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results primarily from the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mutations in alpha-synuclein, UCHL1 (a ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1), parkin, DJ1 (a parkin-associated protein involved with oxidative stress), and PINK1 (a putative serine threonine kinase) are known to cause early-onset PD. These pathogenic mutations are associated with disease through pathogenic pathways that may commonly lead proteasome dysfunction, mitochondrial impairment, and oxidative stress. Point mutations in alpha-synuclein lead to excessive intracellular accumulation and protofibril formation. Decrease in the amount of soluble alpha-synuclein tends to increase free cytoplasmic dopamine and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Modification of parkin and UCHL1 are associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system pathway and may increase proteotoxic stress. Mutations in parkin, DJ1, and PINK1 may alter mitochondiral activity, potentially impairing proteasomal function. Environmental toxins such as N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and rotenone can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

Class

Human Diseases; Neurodegenerative diseases

Pathway map

mcc05012

Parkinson's disease

Organism

Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) [GN:mcc]

Gene

706324	UBA1; ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 1 [KO:K03178] [EC:6.3.2.19]
704875	UBA7; ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 7 [KO:K10698] [EC:6.3.2.19]
696110	UBB; ubiquitin B [KO:K04551]
699895	UBE2L3; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 3 [KO:K04552] [EC:6.3.2.19]
697675	UBE2L3; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 3 [KO:K04552] [EC:6.3.2.19]
712771	ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3-like; K04552 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 [EC:6.3.2.19] [KO:K04552] [EC:6.3.2.19]
709150	ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3-like; K04552 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 [EC:6.3.2.19] [KO:K04552] [EC:6.3.2.19]
700798	UBE2J2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 J2-like [KO:K04554] [EC:6.3.2.19]
701100	UBE2J1; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, J1 [KO:K10578] [EC:6.3.2.19]
710862	UBE2G2; ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2G 2 [KO:K04555] [EC:6.3.2.19]
721528	ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1-like; K10575 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 G1 [EC:6.3.2.19] [KO:K10575] [EC:6.3.2.19]
710899	e3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin-like; K04556 parkin [EC:6.3.2.19] [KO:K04556] [EC:6.3.2.19]
711610	e3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin-like; K04556 parkin [EC:6.3.2.19] [KO:K04556] [EC:6.3.2.19]
706985	SNCA; alpha-synuclein-like [KO:K04528]
696628	GPR37; G protein-coupled receptor 37 (endothelin receptor type B-like) [KO:K04243]
712041	SEPT5; septin 5 [KO:K04557]
700372	SNCAIP; synuclein, alpha interacting protein [KO:K04558]
701579	ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1-like; K05611 ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 [EC:3.4.19.12] [KO:K05611] [EC:3.4.19.12]
721137	TH; tyrosine hydroxylase [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
574143	SLC6A3; solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3 [KO:K05036]
701133	SLC18A2; solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2 [KO:K08155]
705489	SLC18A1; solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 1 [KO:K08155]
2846627	ND1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 [KO:K03878] [EC:1.6.5.3]
2846626	ND2; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [KO:K03879] [EC:1.6.5.3]
2846622	ND3; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 [KO:K03880] [EC:1.6.5.3]
2846630	ND4; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 [KO:K03881] [EC:1.6.5.3]
2846621	ND4L; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [KO:K03882] [EC:1.6.5.3]
2846631	ND5; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 [KO:K03883] [EC:1.6.5.3]
2846632	ND6; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [KO:K03884] [EC:1.6.5.3]
711412	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1; K03942 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 1 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03942] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
706067	NDUFV2; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 2, 24kDa [KO:K03943] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
713739	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2; K03943 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 2 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03943] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
711626	NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 1, 7.5kDa [KO:K03945] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
694635	NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 1, 7.5kDa [KO:K03945] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
697736	NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 2, 8kDa [KO:K03946] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
710937	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3-like; K03947 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 3 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03947] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
713369	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3-like; K03947 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 3 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03947] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
705004	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3-like; K03947 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 3 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03947] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
100425859	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like; K03948 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03948] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
641333	NDUFA4; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 4, 9kDa [KO:K03948] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
714483	NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 4-like 2 [KO:K03948] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
705498	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like; K03948 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03948] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
696324	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like; K03948 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03948] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
100423427	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like; K03948 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03948] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
695066	NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 5, 13kDa [KO:K03949] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
698545	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5-like; K03949 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 5 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03949] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
694520	NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 5, 13kDa [KO:K03949] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
100430178	NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 5, 13kDa [KO:K03949] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
709640	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6-like; K03950 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 6 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03950] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
711212	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7-like; K03951 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 7 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03951] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
698706	NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 8, 19kDa [KO:K03952] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
721906	NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 9, 39kDa [KO:K03953] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
697681	NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 10, 42kDa [KO:K03954] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
700718	NDUFAB1; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, alpha/beta subcomplex, 1, 8kDa [KO:K03955] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
715222	NDUFAB1; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, alpha/beta subcomplex, 1, 8kDa [KO:K03955] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
711541	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11-like; K03956 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 11 [EC:1.6.5.3] [KO:K03956] [EC:1.6.5.3]
711970	NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 12 [KO:K11352] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
716666	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13-like; K11353 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 13 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K11353] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
693431	NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 2, 8kDa [KO:K03958] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
700944	NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 3, 12kDa [KO:K03959] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
699693	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3-like; K03959 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 3 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03959] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
694795	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3-like; K03959 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 3 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03959] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
715216	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3-like; K03959 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 3 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03959] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
713428	NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 4, 15kDa [KO:K03960] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
708821	NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 5, 16kDa [KO:K03961] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
704867	NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 6, 17kDa [KO:K03962] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
717849	NDUFB7; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 7, 18kDa [KO:K03963] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
693813	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8; K03964 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 8 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03964] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
710521	NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 8, 19kDa [KO:K03964] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
711899	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8; K03964 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 8 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03964] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
718711	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8; K03964 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 8 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03964] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
711387	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9-like; K03965 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex 9 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03965] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
693482	NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 10, 22kDa [KO:K03966] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
705984	NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 11, 17.3kDa [KO:K11351] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
706912	NDUFS1; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 1, 75kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03934] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
719935	NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 2, 49kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03935] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
713040	NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 3, 30kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03936] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
704137	NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 4, 18kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03937] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
709249	NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 5, 15kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03938] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
693506	NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 5, 15kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03938] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
709426	NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 6, 13kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03939] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
721259	NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7; K03940 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 7 [EC:1.6.5.3 1.6.99.3] [KO:K03940] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
710845	NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 8, 23kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) [KO:K03941] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
697242	NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, subcomplex unknown, 1, 6kDa [KO:K03967] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
100426173	NDUFC2; NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, subcomplex unknown, 2, 14.5kDa [KO:K03968] [EC:1.6.99.3 1.6.5.3]
708018	succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit; K00234 succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit [EC:1.3.5.1] [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
723442	succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit; K00234 succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein subunit [EC:1.3.5.1] [KO:K00234] [EC:1.3.5.1]
699810	SDHB; succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur (Ip) [KO:K00235] [EC:1.3.5.1]
702309	succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit; K00236 succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) cytochrome b560 subunit [KO:K00236]
719978	SDHC; succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein, 15kDa [KO:K00236]
704336	succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit; K00236 succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) cytochrome b560 subunit [KO:K00236]
711326	SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D, integral membrane protein [KO:K00237]
700693	SDHD; succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D, integral membrane protein [KO:K00237]
705178	UQCRFS1; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, Rieske iron-sulfur polypeptide 1 [KO:K00411] [EC:1.10.2.2]
2846625	CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
700518	CYC1; cytochrome c-1 [KO:K00413]
677864	UQCRC1; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein I [KO:K00414]
697967	UQCRC2; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein II [KO:K00415]
619515	UQCRH; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein-like [KO:K00416]
695396	UQCRH; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein-like [KO:K00416]
701662	UQCRH; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein-like [KO:K00416]
707968	UQCRH; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
705124	UQCRB; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein [KO:K00417]
701223	UQCRB; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein [KO:K00417]
100427118	uncharacterized LOC100427118; K00417 ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
695665	UQCRQ; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, complex III subunit VII, 9.5kDa-like [KO:K00418]
708950	UQCRQ; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, complex III subunit VII, 9.5kDa [KO:K00418]
720636	cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9-like; K00419 ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
708396	UQCR; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, 6.4kDa subunit [KO:K00420]
2846633	COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
2846624	COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:1.9.3.1]
2846628	COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
714951	cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1-like; K02263 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 [KO:K02263]
693811	COX4I1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1 [KO:K02263]
713095	COX4I2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 2 (lung) [KO:K02263]
692061	COX5A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A [KO:K02264]
701661	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B; K02265 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5b [KO:K02265]
710274	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B; K02265 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5b [KO:K02265]
707227	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B; K02265 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5b [KO:K02265]
713995	COX6A2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIa polypeptide 2 [KO:K02266]
696956	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1; K02266 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6a [KO:K02266]
100425382	COX6B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
692062	COX6B1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B [KO:K02267]
717143	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like; K02267 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6b [KO:K02267]
703685	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like; K02268 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6c [KO:K02268]
100423334	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like; K02268 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6c [KO:K02268]
100426904	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like; K02268 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6c [KO:K02268]
701601	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2; K02270 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a [KO:K02270]
692060	COX7AH; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7AH [KO:K02270]
703896	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2; K02270 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a [KO:K02270]
700525	uncharacterized LOC700525; K02270 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a [KO:K02270]
707203	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein; K02270 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a [KO:K02270]
703470	COX7A2L; cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIa polypeptide 2 like [KO:K02270]
706099	COX7B; cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIb [KO:K02271]
100428437	COX7B2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIb2 [KO:K02271]
693275	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C; K02272 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7c [KO:K02272]
706698	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C; K02272 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7c [KO:K02272]
702058	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C; K02272 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7c [KO:K02272]
100429280	COX7C; cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIc [KO:K02272]
100423198	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C; K02272 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7c [KO:K02272]
718007	COX8A; cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIIIA (ubiquitous) [KO:K02273]
701389	ATP5A1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1, cardiac muscle [KO:K02132] [EC:3.6.3.14]
705465	ATP5B; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide [KO:K02133] [EC:3.6.3.14]
713284	ATP5B; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide [KO:K02133] [EC:3.6.3.14]
713768	ATP synthase subunit gamma; K02136 F-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit gamma [EC:3.6.3.14] [KO:K02136] [EC:3.6.3.14]
705944	ATP5D; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, delta subunit [KO:K02134] [EC:3.6.3.14]
574260	ATP5E; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, epsilon subunit [KO:K02135] [EC:3.6.3.14]
2846629	ATP6; ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [KO:K02126] [EC:3.6.3.14]
701105	ATP5F1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit B1 [KO:K02127] [EC:3.6.3.14]
704072	ATP5F1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit B1 [KO:K02127] [EC:3.6.3.14]
711417	ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C1 (subunit 9)-like [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
706691	ATP5G3; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C3 (subunit 9)-like [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
697950	ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C1 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
703751	ATP5G2; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C2 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
707476	ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C1 (subunit 9)-like [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
696144	ATP5G3; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C3 (subunit 9)-like [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
700815	ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C1 (subunit 9)-like [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
694260	ATP5G1; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C1 (subunit 9)-like [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
702893	ATP5G3; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C3 (subunit 9) [KO:K02128] [EC:3.6.3.14]
700338	ATP5H; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit d [KO:K02138] [EC:3.6.3.14]
696788	ATP synthase subunit d; K02138 F-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit d [EC:3.6.3.14] [KO:K02138] [EC:3.6.3.14]
699117	ATP synthase subunit d; K02138 F-type H+-transporting ATPase subunit d [EC:3.6.3.14] [KO:K02138] [EC:3.6.3.14]
698480	ATP5O; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, O subunit [KO:K02137] [EC:3.6.3.14]
704634	ATP5O; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, O subunit-like [KO:K02137] [EC:3.6.3.14]
708411	ATP5J; ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit F6 [KO:K02131] [EC:3.6.3.14]
2846623	ATP8; ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 [KO:K02125] [EC:3.6.3.14]
697930	LRRK2; leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 [KO:K08844] [EC:2.7.11.1]
698013	serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1; K05688 PTEN induced putative kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.1] [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
706037	PINK1; PTEN induced putative kinase 1 [KO:K05688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
708377	PARK7; protein DJ-1-like [KO:K05687]
709938	HTRA2; HtrA serine peptidase 2 [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
710045	VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion channel 1 [KO:K05862]
704257	VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion channel 2 [KO:K15040]
705116	VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3-like [KO:K15041]
695102	SLC25A4; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier [KO:K05863]
710042	SLC25A31; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier [KO:K05863]
719811	SLC25A6; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier [KO:K05863]
693502	SLC25A5; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier [KO:K05863]
574137	PPIF; peptidylprolyl isomerase F [KO:K09565] [EC:5.2.1.8]
705449	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
695875	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
716056	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
711309	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
694977	cytochrome c pseudogene; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
698225	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
701246	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
699951	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
702488	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100425223	CYCS; cytochrome c, somatic [KO:K08738]
694164	APAF1; apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
694544	CASP9; caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
694473	CASP3; caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]

Compound

C00002	ATP
C00008	ADP
C00009	Orthophosphate
C00013	Diphosphate
C00020	AMP
C00027	Hydrogen peroxide
C00082	L-Tyrosine
C00355	3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00704	O2.-
C03758	Dopamine
C04599	1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
C07593	Rotenone
C11310	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium

Reference

PMID:17911161

Authors

Thomas B, Beal MF

Title

Parkinson's disease.

Journal

Hum Mol Genet 16 Spec No. 2:R183-94 (2007)

Reference

PMID:12938733

Authors

Lim KL, Lim TM

Title

Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease: clues from Mendelian syndromes.

Journal

IUBMB Life 55:315-22 (2003)

Reference

PMID:16022590

Authors

Moore DJ, West AB, Dawson VL, Dawson TM

Title

Molecular pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.

Journal

Annu Rev Neurosci 28:57-87 (2005)

Reference

PMID:16495942

Authors

Abou-Sleiman PM, Muqit MM, Wood NW

Title

Expanding insights of mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

Journal

Nat Rev Neurosci 7:207-19 (2006)

Reference

PMID:18426756

Authors

Mizuno Y, Hattori N, Kubo S, Sato S, Nishioka K, Hatano T, Tomiyama H, Funayama M, Machida Y, Mochizuki H

Title

Progress in the pathogenesis and genetics of Parkinson's disease.

Journal

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 363:2215-27 (2008)

Reference

PMID:16278972

Authors

Gandhi S, Wood NW

Title

Molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Journal

Hum Mol Genet 14 Spec No. 2:2749-2755 (2005)

Reference

PMID:12461550

Authors

Lotharius J, Brundin P

Title

Pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease: dopamine, vesicles and alpha-synuclein.

Journal

Nat Rev Neurosci 3:932-42 (2002)

Reference

PMID:15767499

Authors

Eriksen JL, Wszolek Z, Petrucelli L

Title

Molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.

Journal

Arch Neurol 62:353-7 (2005)

Reference

PMID:15054086

Authors

Sidhu A, Wersinger C, Vernier P

Title

Does alpha-synuclein modulate dopaminergic synaptic content and tone at the synapse?

Journal

FASEB J 18:637-47 (2004)

Reference

PMID:15681812

Authors

Sidhu A, Wersinger C, Moussa CE, Vernier P

Title

The role of alpha-synuclein in both neuroprotection and neurodegeneration.

Journal

Ann N Y Acad Sci 1035:250-70 (2004)

Reference

PMID:12971891

Authors

Dauer W, Przedborski S

Title

Parkinson's disease: mechanisms and models.

Journal

Neuron 39:889-909 (2003)

Reference

PMID:15525720

Authors

Feany MB

Title

New genetic insights into Parkinson's disease.

Journal

N Engl J Med 351:1937-40 (2004)

Reference

PMID:11331916

Authors

Beal MF

Title

Experimental models of Parkinson's disease.

Journal

Nat Rev Neurosci 2:325-34 (2001)

Reference

PMID:15770999

Authors

Corti O, Hampe C, Darios F, Ibanez P, Ruberg M, Brice A

Title

Parkinson's disease: from causes to mechanisms.

Journal

C R Biol 328:131-42 (2005)

Reference

PMID:18680555

Authors

Vila M, Ramonet D, Perier C

Title

Mitochondrial alterations in Parkinson's disease: new clues.

Journal

J Neurochem 107:317-28 (2008)

Reference

PMID:12728264

Authors

Vila M, Przedborski S

Title

Targeting programmed cell death in neurodegenerative diseases.

Journal

Nat Rev Neurosci 4:365-75 (2003)

KO pathway

ko05012

All links

Pathway (1)   
   BioSystems (1)   
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (192)   
   KEGG GENES (192)   
All databases (194)   

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