| Entry |
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| Name |
Bacterial secretion system - Serratia proteamaculans
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| Description |
Gram-negative bacteria secrete a wide range of proteins whose functions include biogenesis of organelles, such as pilli and flagella, nutrient acquisition, virulence, and efflux of drugs and other toxins. Six distinct secretion systems have been shown to mediate protein export through the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. These pathways are highly conserved throughout the Gram-negative bacterial species. In Gram-positive bacteria, secreted proteins are commonly translocated across the single membrane by the Sec pathway or the two-arginine (Tat) pathway.
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| Class |
Environmental Information Processing; Membrane transport
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| Pathway map |
| Bacterial secretion system |

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| Module |
| alpha-Hemolysin/cyclolysin transport system [PATH: spe03070] | | Type II general secretion system [PATH: spe03070] | | Type III secretion system [PATH: spe03070] | | Type IV secretion system [PATH: spe03070] | | Type VI secretion system [PATH: spe03070] | | | | Twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system [PATH: spe03070] |
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| Other DBs |
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| Organism |
Serratia proteamaculans [GN: spe]
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| Gene |
| tolC; outer membrane channel protein [KO: K12340] | | general secretion pathway protein D; K02453 general secretion pathway protein D [KO: K02453] | | putative secretion protein; K02465 general secretion pathway protein S [KO: K02465] | | hypothetical protein; K02452 general secretion pathway protein C [KO: K02452] | | general secretion pathway protein F; K02455 general secretion pathway protein F [KO: K02455] | | general secretion pathway protein G; K02456 general secretion pathway protein G [KO: K02456] | | general secretion pathway protein H; K02457 general secretion pathway protein H [KO: K02457] | | general secretion pathway protein I; K02458 general secretion pathway protein I [KO: K02458] | | general secretion pathway protein J; K02459 general secretion pathway protein J [KO: K02459] | | general secretion pathway protein K; K02460 general secretion pathway protein K [KO: K02460] | | general secretion pathway L; K02461 general secretion pathway protein L [KO: K02461] | | hypothetical protein; K02462 general secretion pathway protein M [KO: K02462] | | general secretory pathway protein E; K02454 general secretion pathway protein E [KO: K02454] | | secD; preprotein translocase subunit SecD [KO: K03072] | | secF; preprotein translocase subunit SecF [KO: K03074] | | secE; preprotein translocase subunit SecE [KO: K03073] | | secG; preprotein translocase subunit SecG [KO: K03075] | | secY; preprotein translocase subunit SecY [KO: K03076] | | yajC; preprotein translocase subunit YajC [KO: K03210] | | putative inner membrane protein translocase component YidC; K03217 preprotein translocase subunit YidC [KO: K03217] | | preprotein translocase subunit SecA; K03070 preprotein translocase subunit SecA [KO: K03070] | | SecA regulator SecM; K13301 secretion monitor [KO: K13301] | | signal recognition particle-docking protein FtsY; K03110 fused signal recognition particle receptor [KO: K03110] | | preprotein translocase subunit SecB; K03071 preprotein translocase subunit SecB [KO: K03071] | | signal recognition particle protein; K03106 signal recognition particle subunit SRP54 [KO: K03106] | | twin arginine-targeting protein translocase; K03116 sec-independent protein translocase protein TatA [KO: K03116] | | twin-arginine translocation protein; K03117 sec-independent protein translocase protein TatB [KO: K03117] | | twin-arginine protein translocation system subunit TatC; K03118 sec-independent protein translocase protein TatC [KO: K03118] | | tatE; twin arginine translocase protein A [KO: K03425] | | hemolysin activator HlyB domain-containing protein; K11017 hemolysin activation/secretion protein [KO: K11017] | | filamentous hemagglutinin outer membrane protein; K11016 hemolysin [KO: K11016] | | hypothetical protein; K11903 type VI secretion system secreted protein Hcp [KO: K11903] | | hypothetical protein; K11903 type VI secretion system secreted protein Hcp [KO: K11903] | | putative lipoprotein; K11906 type VI secretion system protein VasD [KO: K11906] | | hypothetical protein; K11906 type VI secretion system protein VasD [KO: K11906] | | ImcF domain-containing protein; K11891 type VI secretion system protein ImpL [KO: K11891] | | ImcF domain-containing protein; K11891 type VI secretion system protein ImpL [KO: K11891] | | hypothetical protein; K11892 type VI secretion system protein ImpK [KO: K11892] | | hypothetical protein; K11892 type VI secretion system protein ImpK [KO: K11892] | | ATPase; K11907 type VI secretion system protein VasG [KO: K11907] | | ATPase; K11907 type VI secretion system protein VasG [KO: K11907] |
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| Compound |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Kim JF. |
| Title |
Revisiting the chlamydial type III protein secretion system: clues to the origin of type III protein secretion. |
| Journal |
Trends Genet 17:65-9 (2001) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Plano GV, Day JB, Ferracci F. |
| Title |
Type III export: new uses for an old pathway. |
| Journal |
Mol Microbiol 40:284-93 (2001) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Gauthier A, Finlay BB. |
| Title |
Bacterial pathogenesis: the answer to virulence is in the pore. |
| Journal |
Curr Biol 11:R264-7 (2001) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Burns DL. |
| Title |
Biochemistry of type IV secretion. |
| Journal |
Curr Opin Microbiol 2:25-9 (1999) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Christie PJ, Vogel JP. |
| Title |
Bacterial type IV secretion: conjugation systems adapted to deliver effector molecules to host cells. |
| Journal |
Trends Microbiol 8:354-60 (2000) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Christie PJ. |
| Title |
Type IV secretion: intercellular transfer of macromolecules by systems ancestrally related to conjugation machines. |
| Journal |
Mol Microbiol 40:294-305 (2001) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Nunn D. |
| Title |
Bacterial type II protein export and pilus biogenesis: more than just homologies? |
| Journal |
Trends Cell Biol 9:402-8 (1999) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Sandkvist M. |
| Title |
Biology of type II secretion. |
| Journal |
Mol Microbiol 40:271-83 (2001) |
| Reference |
|
| Authors |
Sandkvist M. |
| Title |
Type II secretion and pathogenesis. |
| Journal |
Infect Immun 69:3523-35 (2001) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Delepelaire P |
| Title |
Type I secretion in gram-negative bacteria. |
| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 1694:149-61 (2004) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Hazes B, Frost L |
| Title |
Towards a systems biology approach to study type II/IV secretion systems. |
| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 1778:1839-50 (2008) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Johnson TL, Abendroth J, Hol WG, Sandkvist M |
| Title |
Type II secretion: from structure to function. |
| Journal |
FEMS Microbiol Lett 255:175-86 (2006) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Filloux A |
| Title |
The underlying mechanisms of type II protein secretion. |
| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 1694:163-79 (2004) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Spreter T, Yip CK, Sanowar S, Andre I, Kimbrough TG, Vuckovic M, Pfuetzner RA, Deng W, Yu AC, Finlay BB, Baker D, Miller SI, Strynadka NC |
| Title |
A conserved structural motif mediates formation of the periplasmic rings in the type III secretion system. |
| Journal |
Nat Struct Mol Biol 16:468-76 (2009) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Ghosh P |
| Title |
Process of protein transport by the type III secretion system. |
| Journal |
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 68:771-95 (2004) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Cornelis GR |
| Title |
The Yersinia Ysc-Yop 'type III' weaponry. |
| Journal |
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:742-52 (2002) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Baron C |
| Title |
VirB8: a conserved type IV secretion system assembly factor and drug target. |
| Journal |
Biochem Cell Biol 84:890-9 (2006) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Kwok T, Zabler D, Urman S, Rohde M, Hartig R, Wessler S, Misselwitz R, Berger J, Sewald N, Konig W, Backert S |
| Title |
Helicobacter exploits integrin for type IV secretion and kinase activation. |
| Journal |
Nature 449:862-6 (2007) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Christie PJ, Cascales E |
| Title |
Structural and dynamic properties of bacterial type IV secretion systems (review). |
| Journal |
Mol Membr Biol 22:51-61 (2005) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Christie PJ |
| Title |
Type IV secretion: the Agrobacterium VirB/D4 and related conjugation systems. |
| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 1694:219-34 (2004) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Henderson IR, Navarro-Garcia F, Desvaux M, Fernandez RC, Ala'Aldeen D |
| Title |
Type V protein secretion pathway: the autotransporter story. |
| Journal |
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 68:692-744 (2004) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Henderson IR, Navarro-Garcia F, Nataro JP |
| Title |
The great escape: structure and function of the autotransporter proteins. |
| Journal |
Trends Microbiol 6:370-8 (1998) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Filloux A, Hachani A, Bleves S |
| Title |
The bacterial type VI secretion machine: yet another player for protein transport across membranes. |
| Journal |
Microbiology 154:1570-83 (2008) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Leiman PG, Basler M, Ramagopal UA, Bonanno JB, Sauder JM, Pukatzki S, Burley SK, Almo SC, Mekalanos JJ |
| Title |
Type VI secretion apparatus and phage tail-associated protein complexes share a common evolutionary origin. |
| Journal |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:4154-9 (2009) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Kulasekara HD, Miller SI |
| Title |
Threonine phosphorylation times bacterial secretion. |
| Journal |
Nat Cell Biol 9:734-6 (2007) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Driessen AJ, Nouwen N |
| Title |
Protein translocation across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. |
| Journal |
Annu Rev Biochem 77:643-67 (2008) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Pool MR |
| Title |
Getting to the membrane: how is co-translational protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum regulated? |
| Journal |
Biochem Soc Trans 31:1232-7 (2003) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Desvaux M, Hebraud M, Talon R, Henderson IR |
| Title |
Secretion and subcellular localizations of bacterial proteins: a semantic awareness issue. |
| Journal |
Trends Microbiol 17:139-45 (2009) |
| Reference |
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| Authors |
Nakatogawa H, Murakami A, Ito K |
| Title |
Control of SecA and SecM translation by protein secretion. |
| Journal |
Curr Opin Microbiol 7:145-50 (2004) |
| KO pathway |
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