KEGG PATHWAY: ssc04210

PATHWAY: ssc04210

Entry

ssc04210 Pathway

Name

Apoptosis - Sus scrofa (pig)

Description

Apoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanisms of cell death involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. The 2 major pathways of apoptosis are the extrinsic (Fas and other TNFR superfamily members and ligands) and the intrinsic (mitochondria-associated) pathways, both of which are found in the cytoplasm. The extrinsic pathway is triggered by death receptor engagement, which initiates a signaling cascade mediated by caspase-8 activation. Caspase-8 both feeds directly into caspase-3 activation and stimulates the release of cytochrome c by the mitochondria. Caspase-3 activation leads to the degradation of cellular proteins necessary to maintain cell survival and integrity. The intrinsic pathway occurs when various apoptotic stimuli trigger the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria (independently of caspase-8 activation). Cytochrome c interacts with Apaf-1 and caspase-9 to promote the activation of caspase-3. Recent studies point to the ER as a third subcellular compartment implicated in apoptotic execution. Alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis and accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER cause ER stress. Prolonged ER stress can result in the activation of BAD and/or caspase-12, and execute apoptosis.

Class

Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death

Pathway map

ssc04210

Apoptosis

Other DBs

BSID:

84472

GO:

0006915

Organism

Sus scrofa (pig) [GN:ssc]

Gene

396726	FASLG; Fas ligand (TNF superfamily, member 6) [KO:K04389]
396826	FAS; Fas (TNF receptor superfamily, member 6) [KO:K04390]
406191	TNFSF10; tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10 [KO:K04721]
100156086	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A-like; K04722 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10 [KO:K04722]
100153281	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A-like; K04722 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10 [KO:K04722]
100624226	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A-like; K04722 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10 [KO:K04722]
397086	TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
397020	TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1A [KO:K03158]
397094	IL1A; interleukin 1, alpha [KO:K04383]
396565	IL-1beta; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
397122	IL1B; interleukin 1, beta [KO:K04519]
100626904	interleukin-1 receptor type 1-like; K04386 interleukin 1 receptor type I [KO:K04386]
100625571	interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like; K04723 interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein [KO:K04723]
595129	FADD; Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain [KO:K02373]
100620340	tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein-like; K03171 tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
414381	C-FLIP; cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein [KO:K04724]
100154896	CASP10; caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
595105	CASP8; caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
397244	CASP3; caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
100517293	caspase-6-like; K04396 caspase 6 [EC:3.4.22.59] [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
100622859	BIRC2; baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2 [KO:K16060]
100622590	BIRC3; baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 [KO:K16060]
100037300	XIAP; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis [KO:K04725]
594852	BID; BH3 interacting domain death agonist [KO:K04726]
100049703	BCL2; B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 [KO:K02161]
397536	BCL2L1; BCL2-like 1 [KO:K04570]
100170131	CYCS; cytochrome c, somatic [KO:K08738]
100158196	cytochrome c-like; K08738 cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
100513283	APAF1; apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
100518913	caspase-9-like; K04399 caspase 9 [EC:3.4.22.62] [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
100523126	DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha-like; K02310 DNA fragmentation factor, 45 kD, alpha subunit [KO:K02310]
100513357	DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta-like; K02311 DNA fragmentation factor, 40 kD, beta subunit [EC:3.-.-.-] [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
100524062	AIFM1; apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated, 1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
100514888	endonuclease G; K01173 endonuclease G, mitochondrial [KO:K01173]
100101922	ATM; ataxia telangiectasia mutated [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
397276	TP53; tumor protein p53 [KO:K04451]
100524751	RIPK1; receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100513840	TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [KO:K03173]
396646	MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88) [KO:K04729]
396606	IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100514645	IRAK3; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 [KO:K04732] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100127166	IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100520402	MAP3K14; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100135662	CHUK; conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100101471	IKBKB; inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100127355	IKBKG; inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase gamma [KO:K07210]
406188	NFKBIA; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha [KO:K04734]
751869	NFKB1; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 [KO:K02580]
100135665	RELA; v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian) [KO:K04735]
100156578	beta-nerve growth factor-like; K02582 nerve growth factor, beta [KO:K02582]
100623513	beta-nerve growth factor-like; K02582 nerve growth factor, beta [KO:K02582]
100154471	NTRK1; neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1 [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100520067	uncharacterized LOC100520067; K04736 interleukin 3 [KO:K04736]
100153254	CSF2RB; colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, beta, low-affinity (granulocyte-macrophage) [KO:K04738]
396979	PIK3CG; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100518131	PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100622663	PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit beta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
396851	PIK3R5; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 5 [KO:K02649]
100511937	PIK3R3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3 (gamma) [KO:K02649]
100514498	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha-like; K02649 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit [KO:K02649]
100739510	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like; K02649 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit [KO:K02649]
100623707	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha-like; K02649 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit [KO:K02649]
100126861	AKT1; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100513811	AKT3; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 (protein kinase B, gamma) [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100127478	AKT2; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
397091	PRKAR1A; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type I, alpha [KO:K04739]
397493	PRKAR2A; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, alpha [KO:K04739]
397652	PRKACA; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100520353	serine/threonine-protein kinase PRKX-like; K04345 protein kinase A [EC:2.7.11.11] [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100521065	bcl2 antagonist of cell death-like; K02158 BCL2-antagonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
396633	BAX; BCL2-associated X protein [KO:K02159]
397241	PPP3CA; protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, alpha isozyme [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100158082	PPP3CC; protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, gamma isozyme [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
396603	PPP3CB; protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit, beta isozyme [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100516056	calcineurin subunit B type 2-like; K06268 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit [KO:K06268]
100516584	calcium-binding protein p22-like; K06268 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit [KO:K06268]
100516604	calcineurin subunit B type 1-like; K06268 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit [KO:K06268]
100621371	calcium-binding protein p22-like; K06268 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit [KO:K06268]
100625117	calcineurin subunit B type 2-like; K06268 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit [KO:K06268]
100627903	calcineurin subunit B type 1-like; K06268 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit [KO:K06268]
397027	CAPN1; calpain 1, (mu/I) large subunit [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
397393	CAPN2; calpain 2, (m/II) large subunit [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]

Reference

(Japanese)

Authors

Murakawa M, Yonehara S.

Title

[Apoptosis induced by death receptors.] (In Japanese)

Journal

Experimental Medicine 19(13):1690-1694 (2001)

Reference

PMID:14663476

Authors

Kucharczak J, Simmons MJ, Fan Y, Gelinas C.

Title

To be, or not to be: NF-kappaB is the answer--role of Rel/NF-kappaB in the regulation of apoptosis.

Journal

Oncogene 22:8961-82 (2003)

Reference

PMID:14996498

Authors

Donovan M, Cotter TG.

Title

Control of mitochondrial integrity by Bcl-2 family members and caspase-independent cell death.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1644:133-47 (2004)

Reference

PMID:14996497

Authors

Sprick MR, Walczak H.

Title

The interplay between the Bcl-2 family and death receptor-mediated apoptosis.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1644:125-32 (2004)

Reference

PMID:10690403

Authors

Nagata S.

Title

Fas ligand-induced apoptosis.

Journal

Annu Rev Genet 33:29-55 (1999)

Reference

(Japanese)

Authors

Suda T.

Title

[The apoptosis is Kin to the inflammation.] (In Japanese)

Journal

Experimental Medicine 19(13):1790-1797 (2001)

Reference

PMID:11048732

Authors

Yuan J, Yankner BA.

Title

Apoptosis in the nervous system.

Journal

Nature 407:802-9 (2000)

Reference

PMID:14556717

Authors

Yuan J, Lipinski M, Degterev A.

Title

Diversity in the mechanisms of neuronal cell death.

Journal

Neuron 40:401-13 (2003)

Reference

PMID:14737178

Authors

Steelman LS, Pohnert SC, Shelton JG, Franklin RA, Bertrand FE, McCubrey JA.

Title

JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and BCR-ABL in cell cycle progression and leukemogenesis.

Journal

Leukemia 18:189-218 (2004)

Reference

PMID:10692573

Authors

Martinon F, Holler N, Richard C, Tschopp J.

Title

Activation of a pro-apoptotic amplification loop through inhibition of NF-kappaB-dependent survival signals by caspase-mediated inactivation of RIP.

Journal

FEBS Lett 468:134-6 (2000)

Reference

PMID:11290317

Authors

Goyal L.

Title

Cell death inhibition: keeping caspases in check.

Journal

Cell 104:805-8 (2001)

Reference

PMID:10195903

Authors

Wang HG, Pathan N, Ethell IM, Krajewski S, Yamaguchi Y, Shibasaki F, McKeon F, Bobo T, Franke TF, Reed JC.

Title

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD.

Journal

Science 284:339-43 (1999)

Reference

PMID:14656699

Authors

Remillard CV, Yuan JX.

Title

Activation of K+ channels: an essential pathway in programmed cell death.

Journal

Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 286:L49-67 (2004)

Reference

PMID:9670005

Authors

Gross A, Jockel J, Wei MC, Korsmeyer SJ.

Title

Enforced dimerization of BAX results in its translocation, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis.

Journal

EMBO J 17:3878-85 (1998)

KO pathway

ko04210

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Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (82)   
   KEGG GENES (82)   
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