KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sex00010 sex01200 sex01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sex00010 sex01200 sex01230 sex01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sex00010 sex00020 sex01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sex00010 sex00020 sex00620 sex00785 sex01200 sex01210 sex01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sex00020 sex01200 sex01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sex00020 sex01200 sex01210 sex01230 sex01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sex00020 sex01200 sex01210 sex01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sex00030 sex01200 sex01100 sex01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sex00030 sex01200 sex01100 sex01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sex00030 sex01200 sex01230 sex01100 sex01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sex00030 sex00230 sex01200 sex01230 sex01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:sex00030 sex01200 sex01100 sex01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:sex00040 sex00030 sex01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sex00052 sex01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sex00053 sex01100 sex01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sex00500 sex01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sex00500 sex01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:sex00500 sex01100 sex01110]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:sex00520 sex01250 sex01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:sex00520 sex00052 sex01250 sex01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sex00520 sex01250 sex01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sex00520 sex01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sex00630 sex01200 sex01100 sex01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sex00620 sex01200 sex01100 sex01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sex00430 sex00620 sex01200 sex01100 sex01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sex00910 sex01100 sex01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sex00920 sex01100 sex01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sex00190 sex01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sex00190 sex01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sex00190 sex01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sex00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sex00190 sex01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sex00190 sex01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sex00061 sex01212 sex01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sex00061 sex01212 sex01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sex00061 sex00071 sex01212 sex01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sex00071 sex01212 sex01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sex00564 sex01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sex00230 sex01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sex00230 sex01232 sex01240 sex01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sex00230 sex01232 sex01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sex00230 sex00240 sex01232 sex01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sex00240 sex01240 sex01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sex00240 sex01232 sex01240 sex01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sex00240 sex01232 sex01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sex00260 sex00680 sex01200 sex01230 sex01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sex00260 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sex00260 sex00630 sex00785 sex01200 sex01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sex00270 sex00920 sex01200 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sex00270 sex01230 sex01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sex00290 sex00770 sex01210 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sex00290 sex01230 sex01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sex00290 sex01210 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sex00300 sex01230 sex01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:sex00310 sex01100 sex01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sex00220 sex01210 sex01230 sex01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sex00220 sex01230 sex01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sex00330 sex01230 sex01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sex00330 sex01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sex00330 sex01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sex00340 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sex00340 sex01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sex00400 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:sex00400 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sex00400 sex01230 sex01100 sex01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sex00400 sex01230 sex01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sex00480 sex01240 sex01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sex00540 sex01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:sex00540 sex01250 sex01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:sex00540 sex01250 sex01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sex00730 sex01240 sex01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sex00730 sex01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sex00740 sex01240 sex01100 sex01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sex00750 sex01240 sex01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sex00760 sex01240 sex01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sex00770 sex01240 sex01100 sex01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sex00770 sex01240 sex01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sex00780 sex01240 sex01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sex00780 sex01240 sex01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sex00785 sex01240 sex01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sex00790 sex00670 sex01240 sex01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sex00790 sex01240 sex01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sex00860 sex01240 sex01100 sex01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sex00860 sex01240 sex01100 sex01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sex00860 sex01240 sex01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sex00860 sex01240 sex01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sex00130 sex01240 sex01100 sex01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sex00130 sex01240 sex01100 sex01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sex00900 sex01100 sex01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sex00900 sex01100 sex01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:sex00521 sex00523 sex00541 sex01250 sex01100 sex01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
M00857 Salmonella enterica pathogenicity signature, Vi antigen

Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation