Entry |
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Name |
Nasopharyngeal cancer |
Description |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare disease in most parts of the world, with an age-standardised annual incidence of less than 1 per 100000. However, in Southern China, parts of Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean basin, NPC is an endemic disease with an incidence of 10-30 per 100000. Genome-wide studies have unravelled multiple chromosomal abnormalities with involvement of specific oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Alterations of genes such as Ras association domain family 1A (RASSF1A), p16/INK4A, p14/ARF suggest that multiple cellular pathways were dysregulated in the NPC cells. Studies on the precancerous lesions revealed early genetic changes and a critical role of Epstein- Barr virus (EBV) latent infection in the development of this cancer.
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Category |
Cancer
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Brite |
Human diseases [BR:br08402]
Cancers
Head and neck cancers
H00054 Nasopharyngeal cancer
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
Malignant neoplasms, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity or pharynx
2B6B Malignant neoplasms of nasopharynx
H00054 Nasopharyngeal cancer
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Pathway |
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Network |
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Element |
N00223 | EBV EBNA1 to p53-mediated transcription |
N00224 | EBV EBNALP RBP-Jk-mediated transcription |
N00225 | EBV EBNA2 to RBP-Jk-mediated transcription |
N00226 | EBV EBNA3A/3B/3C to RBP-Jk-mediated transcription |
N00262 | EBV EBNA3C to intrinsic apoptotic pathway |
N00263 | EBV EBNA3C to p53-mediated transcription |
N00264 | EBV EBNA3C to p27-Cell cycle G1/S |
N00265 | EBV LMP1 to NFKB signaling pathway |
N00266 | EBV LMP2A to PI3K signaling pathway |
N00466 | EBV BPLF1 to TLR2/4-NFKB signaling pathway |
N00467 | EBV BPLF1 to TLR2/4-NFKB signaling pathway |
N00468 | EBV BPLF1 to TLR2/4-NFKB signaling pathway |
N00470 | EBV BGLF4 to RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway |
N00471 | EBV LMP2A/2B to IFN signaling pathway |
N00472 | EBV LMP1 to IFN signaling pathway |
N00473 | EBV BGLF4 to IFN signaling pathway |
N00474 | EBV BHRF1 to intrinsic apoptotic pathway |
N00475 | EBV BHRF1 to intrinsic apoptotic pathway |
N00476 | EBV BHRF1 to intrinsic apoptotic pathway |
N00477 | EBV BHRF1 to crosstalk between extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways |
N00478 | EBV BARF1 to intrinsic apoptotic pathway |
N00479 | EBV BNLF2a to antigen processing and presentation by MHC class I molecules |
N00480 | EBV BILF1 to antigen processing and presentation by MHC class I molecules |
N00481 | EBV BZLF1 to p53-mediated transcription |
N00482 | EBV EBNA3C to p27-Cell cycle G1/S |
N00483 | EBV EBNA3C to cell cycle G1/S |
N00484 | EBV EBNA3C to cell cycle G1/S |
N00485 | EBV LMP1 to PI3K signaling pathway |
N00486 | EBV LMP1 to Jak-STAT signaling pathway |
N00488 | EBV LMP2A to BCR signaling pathway |
N01265 | EBV vIL10 to IL10R signaling |
N01281 | EBV BARF1 to CSF1R sigaling |
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Gene |
RASSF1 (promoter hypermethylation) [HSA: 11186] [KO: K09850]
p16/INK4A (promoter hypermethylation) [HSA: 1029] [KO: K06621]
Bcl-2 (overexpression) [HSA: 596] [KO: K02161]
EDNRB (promoter hypermethylation) [HSA: 1910] [KO: K04198]
TSLC1 (promoter hypermethylation) [HSA: 23705] [KO: K06781]
E-cadherin (decreased expression) [HSA: 999] [KO: K05689]
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Carcinogen |
Formaldehyde [CPD: C00067]
Salted fish (Chinese-style)
Tobacco smoking and tobacco smoke
Wood dust
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Pathogen |
Human herpesvirus 4 (Epstein-Barr virus) [GN: T40079] |
Comment |
ICD-O: 8072/3, Tumor type: Non-keratinizing carcinoma
ICD-O: 8071/3, Tumor type: Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
ICD-O: 8083/3, Tumor type: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma
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Other DBs |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Chan AT |
Title |
Head and neck cancer: treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer. |
Journal |
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Reference |
PMID: 12450731 (description, gene, carcinogen) |
Authors |
Lo KW, Huang DP. |
Title |
Genetic and epigenetic changes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Young LS, Rickinson AB. |
Title |
Epstein-Barr virus: 40 years on. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Schottenfeld D, Beebe-Dimmer JL. |
Title |
Advances in cancer epidemiology: understanding causal mechanisms and the evidence for implementing interventions. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Binetti R, Costamagna FM, Marcello I. |
Title |
Development of carcinogenicity classifications and evaluations: the case of formaldehyde. |
Journal |
Ann Ist Super Sanita 42:132-43 (2006) |
Reference |
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Authors |
Cogliano VJ, Grosse Y, Baan RA, Straif K, Secretan MB, El Ghissassi F. |
Title |
Meeting report: summary of IARC monographs on formaldehyde, 2-butoxyethanol, and 1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Abnet CC. |
Title |
Carcinogenic food contaminants. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Sasco AJ, Secretan MB, Straif K. |
Title |
Tobacco smoking and cancer: a brief review of recent epidemiological evidence. |
Journal |
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Reference |
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Authors |
Chan AT, Teo PM, Johnson PJ. |
Title |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. |
Journal |
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Reference |
|
Authors |
Chan KC, Lo YM. |
Title |
Circulating EBV DNA as a tumor marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. |
Journal |
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