Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a group of lysosomal storage diseases caused by deficient activity of enzymes that play important roles in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. MPS2/ Hunter syndrome is an X-linked disease and the others are autosomal recessive diseases. The enzyme defects result in the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans such as heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and keratan sulfate in many organs, as well as elevated metabolite levels in urine. The MPS diseases share many clinical features that include organomegaly, dysostosis multiplex, decreased growth, and recurrent infections. Most of MPS diseases do not affect the nervous system, and are considered as potentially amenable to enzyme replacement therapy.
Category
Inherited metabolic disorder, Lysosomal disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
05 Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases
Metabolic disorders
Inborn errors of metabolism
5C56 Lysosomal diseases
H00421 Mucopolysaccharidosis
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Glycan/glycoprotein metabolism
nt06012 Glycosaminoglycan degradation
H00421 Mucopolysaccharidosis
The diagnosis is confirmed by measuring IDS activity in leukocytes or fibroblasts.
Morquio syndrome B (MPS4B) is allelic to the various forms of GM1-gangliosidosis (see, H00281). The latter disorders show central nervous system involvement.
Triggs-Raine B, Salo TJ, Zhang H, Wicklow BA, Natowicz MR
Title
Mutations in HYAL1, a member of a tandemly distributed multigene family encoding disparate hyaluronidase activities, cause a newly described lysosomal disorder, mucopolysaccharidosis IX.
