| Entry |
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| Name |
Squamous cell carcinoma |
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| Description |
Non-melanoma skin cancer, i.e. basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most frequent tumors and their number is still increasing world- wide. Approximately 200000 cases of SCC develop per year, causing about 2000 deaths. Unlike BCCs, which have no known precursor lesions, SCCs can emerge from actinic keratoses. As with BCC, risk for development of SCC is strongly influenced by the nature and dose of UV radiation and genetic backgrounds that regulate that interaction. Mutations in TP53 have been described in actinic keratoses, in situ SCC, and invasive SCC with UV signature lesions common, and a reported mutation rate as high as 45%. As with TP53, UV-induced mutations in HRAS and KRAS have also been characterized in both actinic keratoses and SCC. The reported frequency of RAS mutations in SCCs ranges from approximately 10% to almost 50%. Several recent studies have also reported mutations of p16 in up to 24% of SCCs. In addition to UV, a pathogenic role for human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of SCC has also been proposed.
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| Category |
Cancer
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| Brite |
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
02 Neoplasms
Malignant neoplasms, except primary neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms, stated or presumed to be primary, of specified sites, except of lymphoid, haematopoietic, central nervous system or related tissues
Malignant neoplasms of skin
2C31 Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
H00040 Squamous cell carcinoma
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| Gene |
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| Pathogen |
Human papillomavirus types 5, 8 [GN: T40089] |
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| Drug |
Bleomycin sulfate [DR: D02177]
Pembrolizumab [DR: D10574]
Pembrolizumab and berahyaluronidase alfa [DR: D13168]
Cemiplimab [DR: D11108]
Cosibelimab [DR: D11946]
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| Other DBs |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Tsai KY, Tsao H. |
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| Title |
The genetics of skin cancer. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Tsao H. |
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| Title |
Genetics of nonmelanoma skin cancer. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Accardi R, Gheit T |
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| Title |
Cutaneous HPV and skin cancer. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Nindl I, Gottschling M, Stockfleth E |
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| Title |
Human papillomaviruses and non-melanoma skin cancer: basic virology and clinical manifestations. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Tiu J, Li H, Rassekh C, van der Sloot P, Kovach R, Zhang P. |
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| Title |
Molecular basis of posttransplant squamous cell carcinoma: the potential role of cyclosporine a in carcinogenesis. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Luch A. |
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| Title |
Nature and nurture - lessons from chemical carcinogenesis. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Abnet CC. |
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| Title |
Carcinogenic food contaminants. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Boffetta P, Jourenkova N, Gustavsson P. |
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| Title |
Cancer risk from occupational and environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Tolbert PE. |
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| Title |
Oils and cancer. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Takeuchi Y, Tamura A, Kamiya M, Fukuda T, Ishikawa O. |
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| Title |
Immunohistochemical analyses of p63 expression in cutaneous tumours. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Park HR, Min SK, Cho HD, Kim KH, Shin HS, Park YE. |
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| Title |
Expression profiles of p63, p53, survivin, and hTERT in skin tumors. |
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| Journal |
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