| Entry |
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| Name |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase;
NAD-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase (incorrect);
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (incorrect);
formic dehydrogenase (incorrect);
class III alcohol dehydrogenase;
ADH3;
chi-ADH;
FDH (incorrect);
formaldehyde dehydrogenase (glutathione) (incorrect);
GS-FDH (incorrect);
glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (incorrect);
NAD-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase;
GD-FALDH;
NAD- and glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase
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| Class |
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-OH group of donors;
With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
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| Sysname |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione:NAD+ oxidoreductase
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD(P)+ = S-formylglutathione + NAD(P)H + H+ [RN: R06983 R07140]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
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| Product |
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| Comment |
The substrate, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione, forms spontaneously from glutathione and formaldehyde; its rate of formation is increased in some bacteria by the presence of EC 4.4.1.22, S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione synthase. This enzyme forms part of the pathway that detoxifies formaldehyde, since the product is hydrolysed by EC 3.1.2.12, S-formylglutathione hydrolase. The human enzyme belongs to the family of zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases. Also specifically reduces S-nitrosylglutathione.
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| History |
EC 1.1.1.284 created 2005 (EC 1.2.1.1 created 1961, modified 1982, modified 2002, part transferred 2005 to EC 1.1.1.284)
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| Pathway |
| ec01120 | Microbial metabolism in diverse environments |
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| Orthology |
| K00121 | S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase / alcohol dehydrogenase |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
1 |
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| Authors |
Jakoby, W.B. |
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| Title |
Aldehyde dehydrogenases. |
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| Journal |
In: Boyer, P.D., Lardy, H. and Myrback, K. (Eds.), The Enzymes, 2nd ed., vol. 7, Academic Press, New York, 1963, p. 203-221. |
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| Reference |
2 |
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| Authors |
Rose, Z.B. and Racker, E. |
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| Title |
Formaldehyde dehydrogenase. |
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| Journal |
Methods Enzymol 9:357-360 (1966) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Liu L, Hausladen A, Zeng M, Que L, Heitman J, Stamler JS. |
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| Title |
A metabolic enzyme for S-nitrosothiol conserved from bacteria to humans. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Sanghani PC, Stone CL, Ray BD, Pindel EV, Hurley TD, Bosron WF. |
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| Title |
Kinetic mechanism of human glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
5 |
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| Authors |
van Ophem, P.W. and Duine, J.A. |
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| Title |
NAD- and co-substrate (GSH or factor)-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenases from methylotrophic microorganisms act as a class III alcohol dehydrogenase. |
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| Journal |
FEMS Microbiol Lett 116:87-94 (1994) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Ras J, Van Ophem PW, Reijnders WN, Van Spanning RJ, Duine JA, Stouthamer AH, Harms N. |
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| Title |
Isolation, sequencing, and mutagenesis of the gene encoding NAD- and glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (GD-FALDH) from Paracoccus denitrificans, in which GD-FALDH is essential for methylotrophic growth. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Barber RD, Rott MA, Donohue TJ. |
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| Title |
Characterization of a glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Other DBs |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 1.1.1.284 |
| UM-BBD (Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database): | 1.1.1.284 |
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