Entry |
|
Name |
germacrene A hydroxylase;
GAO (gene name)
|
Class |
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
|
Sysname |
(+)-germacrene-A,[reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (12-hydroxylating)
|
Reaction(IUBMB) |
(+)-germacrene A + 3 [reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + 3 O2 = germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + 3 [oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + 4 H2O (overall reaction) [RN: R12128];
(1a) (+)-germacrene A + O2 + [reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] = germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-ol + [oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + H2O [RN: R09549];
(1b) germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-ol + O2 + [reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] = germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-al + [oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O [RN: R12129];
(1c) germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-al + O2 + [reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] = germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + [oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] + H2O [RN: R12130]
|
Reaction(KEGG) |
|
Substrate |
(+)-germacrene A [CPD: C16141];
[reduced NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] [CPD: C03024];
O2 [CPD: C00007];
germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-ol [CPD: C19676];
germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-al [CPD: C19677]
|
Product |
germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate [CPD: C19678];
[oxidized NADPH---hemoprotein reductase] [CPD: C03161];
H2O [CPD: C00001];
germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-ol [CPD: C19676];
germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-al [CPD: C19677]
|
Comment |
A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. This plant enzyme catalyses three steps in a pathway that leads to the biosynthesis of many sesquiterpenoid lactones.
|
History |
EC 1.14.14.95 created 2011 as EC 1.14.13.123, transferred 2018 to EC 1.14.14.95
|
Pathway |
ec00909 | Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis |
ec01110 | Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites |
|
Orthology |
|
Genes |
|
Reference |
|
Authors |
Nguyen DT, Gopfert JC, Ikezawa N, Macnevin G, Kathiresan M, Conrad J, Spring O, Ro DK |
Title |
Biochemical conservation and evolution of germacrene A oxidase in asteraceae. |
Journal |
|
Sequence |
|
Reference |
|
Authors |
Liu Q, Manzano D, Tanic N, Pesic M, Bankovic J, Pateraki I, Ricard L, Ferrer A, de Vos R, van de Krol S, Bouwmeester H |
Title |
Elucidation and in planta reconstitution of the parthenolide biosynthetic pathway. |
Journal |
|
Other DBs |
|