Entry
Name
zeaxanthin epoxidase;
Zea-epoxidase
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With reduced iron-sulfur protein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
zeaxanthin,reduced ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase
Reaction(IUBMB)
zeaxanthin + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 4 H+ + 2 O2 = violaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O (overall reaction) [RN:
R10070 ];
(1a) zeaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2 = antheraxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O [RN:
R06946 ];
(1b) antheraxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + O2 = violaxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O [RN:
R06947 ]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
Product
violaxanthin [CPD:
C08614 ];
oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster [CPD:
C00139 ];
H2O [CPD:
C00001 ];
antheraxanthin [CPD:
C08579 ]
Comment
A flavoprotein (FAD) that is active under conditions of low light. Along with EC
1.23.5.1 , violaxanthin de-epoxidase, this enzyme forms part of the xanthophyll (or violaxanthin) cycle, which is involved in protecting the plant against damage by excess light. It will also epoxidize lutein in some higher-plant species.
History
EC 1.14.15.21 created 2005 as EC 1.14.13.90, transferred 2016 to EC 1.14.15.21
Pathway
ec01110 Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
Orthology
Genes
CSAT : 104727329 104762863
BRP : 103829545 103837729 117126611
BNA : 106358361 106390346 111210027 125577768
CIC : CICLE_v10025089mg CICLE_v10027323mg
HSYR : 120125706 120152464
GMX : 100778602 100800186(ZEP) 100820171
GSJ : 114377089 114393093 114404121
PVU : 137808300 137810121 137839330
VRA : 106755462 106755730 106755821 106768400 106776942
VUN : 114170043 114173829 114178865
VUM : 124822758 124833307 124834330
CCAJ : 109787680 109801086 109817357 109817363
APRC : 113852544 113857682 113868826
MTR : 11408584 11419279 120577445
TPRA : 123906913 123921340
PSAT : 127074453 127120386
VVO : 131624700 131639522 131652198 131652200
LJA : 130716185 130740829 130742436
AHF : 112720473 112748652 112798600 112800583
LANG : 109332775 109348163 109363245
QSA : O6P43_024630 O6P43_033823
PPER : 18770963 18787006 18787624
PMUM : 103330551 103339888 107881084
PAVI : 110752502 110765909 110771233
PDUL : 117617273 117618697 117634023
MDM : 103401379 103403091 103414285 103438489
MSYL : 126586124 126598320 126602040 126628523
PXB : 103935128 103937745 103945929 103947190 103956812
MESC : 110625192 110630126
POP : 18094985 7462609 7489733
PEU : 105109333 105112019 105138970
PALZ : 118045617 118045708 118047855
PNZ : 133673207 133693423 133698035
QLO : 115952579 115984217 115986353 115994403
VVI : 100232944(ZEP) 100257960
NTA : 107763949 107797654(ABA2)
INI : 109189028(ZEP1) 109189029
SIND : 105161901 105168657 105168669 105177618
EGT : 105955898 105969527 105972925
SSPL : 121762282 121777711
SHIS : 125200678 125212885 125214393
APAN : 127248408 127258216
ECAD : 122593863 122609961
CCAV : 112512572 112526755
CSIN : 114270560 114312109
AEW : 130783178 130785211 130795744
PSOM : 113324401 113346654 113356850
TAES : 123045605 123053443 542878
MFLO : 136490653 136490664 136490665 136495372
SITA : 101780465 101781949
PVIR : 120641165 120680516
PAUA : 133888242 133924316
MSIN : 131219639 131236411
NCOL : 116245964 116259094
SMO : SELMODRAFT_172667(Zep1-1) SELMODRAFT_234460(Zep1-2)
CVR : CHLNCDRAFT_138731(ZEP)
OTA : OT_ostta02g02500 OT_ostta16g00670
BPG : Bathy07g04390 Bathy14g02700
MPP : MICPUCDRAFT_19991(ZEP1) MICPUCDRAFT_24859(ZEP2)
PTI : PHATRDRAFT_45845(ZEP1) PHATRDRAFT_56488(ZEP2) PHATRDRAFT_56492(ZEP3)
FCY : FRACYDRAFT_208380(ZEP_3) FRACYDRAFT_232148(ZEP_1) FRACYDRAFT_260743(ZEP_2)
TPS : THAPSDRAFT_261390 THAPSDRAFT_270370
AAF : AURANDRAFT_31758 AURANDRAFT_71741
EHX : EMIHUDRAFT_440259 EMIHUDRAFT_444553 EMIHUDRAFT_456674 EMIHUDRAFT_457120 EMIHUDRAFT_462793
GTT : GUITHDRAFT_159412(ZEP)
» show all
Taxonomy
Reference
Authors
Buch K, Stransky H, Hager A.
Title
FAD is a further essential cofactor of the NAD(P)H and O2-dependent zeaxanthin-epoxidase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bugos RC, Hieber AD, Yamamoto HY
Title
Xanthophyll cycle enzymes are members of the lipocalin family, the first identified from plants.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Thompson AJ, Jackson AC, Parker RA, Morpeth DR, Burbidge A, Taylor IB.
Title
Abscisic acid biosynthesis in tomato: regulation of zeaxanthin epoxidase and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase mRNAs by light/dark cycles, water stress and abscisic acid.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hieber AD, Bugos RC, Yamamoto HY.
Title
Plant lipocalins: violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Frommolt R, Goss R, Wilhelm C.
Title
The de-epoxidase and epoxidase reactions of Mantoniella squamata (Prasinophyceae) exhibit different substrate-specific reaction kinetics compared to spinach.
Journal
Reference
6
Authors
Frommolt R, Goss R, Wilhelm C.
Title
Erratum Report. The de-epoxidase and epoxidase reactions of Mantoniella squamata (Prasinophyceae) exhibit different substrate-specific reaction kinetics compared to spinach.
Journal
Planta 213:492 (2001)
Reference
Authors
Matsubara S, Morosinotto T, Bassi R, Christian AL, Fischer-Schliebs E, Luttge U, Orthen B, Franco AC, Scarano FR, Forster B, Pogson BJ, Osmond CB.
Title
Occurrence of the lutein-epoxide cycle in mistletoes of the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae.
Journal
Other DBs