KEGG   ENZYME: 1.14.19.29
Entry
EC 1.14.19.29               Enzyme                                 
Name
sphingolipid 8-(E/Z)-desaturase;
8-sphingolipid desaturase (ambiguous);
8 fatty acid desaturase (ambiguous);
DELTA8-sphingolipid desaturase (ambiguous)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O2 to two molecules of water
Sysname
(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (8,9 cis/trans-dehydrogenating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
(1) a (4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (4R,8E)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O [RN:R11009];
(2) a (4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a (4R,8Z)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O [RN:R11010]
Reaction(KEGG)
R11009 R11010
Substrate
(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide [CPD:C12145];
ferrocytochrome b5 [CPD:C00999];
O2 [CPD:C00007];
H+ [CPD:C00080]
Product
(4R,8E)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide [CPD:C21024];
ferricytochrome b5 [CPD:C00996];
H2O [CPD:C00001];
(4R,8Z)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide [CPD:C21025]
Comment
The enzymes from higher plants convert sphinganine, 4E-sphing-4-enine and phytosphinganine into E/Z-mixtures of Delta8-desaturated products displaying different proportions of geometrical isomers depending on plant species. The nature of the actual desaturase substrate has not yet been studied experimentally. The enzymes contain an N-terminal cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the active site of the desaturase [1]. The homologous enzymes from some yeasts and diatoms, EC 1.14.19.18, sphingolipid 8-(E)-desaturase, act on sphing-4-enine ceramides and produce only the trans isomer.
History
EC 1.14.19.29 created 2015
Orthology
K21734  sphingolipid 8-(E/Z)-desaturase
Genes
TCA103313875
EPA110250545
ATEN116288373
PDAM113681495
SPIS111329109
DGT114519894
XEN124443025
ATHAT2G46210(SLD2) AT3G61580(SLD1)
ALY9314459 9318121
CRB17886603 17890135
CSAT104699734 104749205 104783195 104784696 104788453 104793590
EUSEUTSA_v10001443mg EUTSA_v10005967mg
BRP103830309 103841980 103862821 103866493
BNA106353274 106368476 106394992 106406140 106415511 106444994 106454539 111203285 125585413
BOE106300808 106312648 106320935 106336649 106341934
RSZ108810631 108818116 108855713 108856553
THJ104817325 104827608
CPAP110820889
CIT102627612 127901271
CICCICLE_v10020141mg
PVY116136963
MINC123217629 123222999
TCC18614052
GRA105763879 105796533 105802754
GHI107911572 107923462 107924217 107942959 107954521 107955267
GAB108457178 108473711 108477395
HSYR120136330 120158517 120165488 120188554 120208095
DZI111304793 111313905
EGR104442138
GMX100781495(SLD1.6) 100782383(SLD1.2) 100788222(SLD1.1) 100793992(SLD1.3)
GSJ114386409 114396457 114411150 114423279
PVUPHAVU_002G086300g PHAVU_003G049200g
VRA106765604 106778080
VAR108330972 108335779 108339604
VUN114173894 114178923
VUM124820324 124833416
CCAJ109801588 109813772
APRC113857735 113869188
MTR11407795
TPRA123897597
CAM101513555
PSAT127075248
VVO131620450 131628845
LJALj0g3v0013289.1(Lj0g3v0013289.1) Lj0g3v0013289.2(Lj0g3v0013289.2) Lj0g3v0357469.1(Lj0g3v0357469.1) Lj3g3v2986090.1(Lj3g3v2986090.1)
ADU107481228 107481229 107489425
AIP107631883 107631884 107643646
AHF112734073 112734074 112750341 112791921 112791923 112801592
LANG109331454 109336138 109340234 109349330 109349563
PCIN129310405
QSAO6P43_017699 O6P43_027294 O6P43_027312
FVE101304219 101304804
RCN112181832 112181839
PPER18784711 18786078
PMUM103332046 103332049
PAVI110751733 110751775
PDUL117617652 117617707
MDM103407115 103407203 103445236 103447141
MSYL126629693 126630714 126630947 126630962
PXB103931101 103931106 103941634 103941637
ZJU107423731
MNT21405297
CSAV115702099
CSV101215907
CMO103497683
BHJ120067194
MCHA111016217
CMAX111494458 111499262
CMOS111460269 111464415
CPEP111778574 111786991 111807163
RCU8286702
JCU105642914
HBR110638023 110667005
MESC110615554 110620626
POP7457369 7492740
PEU105124815 105134513
PALZ118041575 118057823 118057834
JRE109002707 109009165
CILL122299334 122310631
CAVE132187564
QSU112033703
QLO115987103
TWL119982756
VVI100265385
VRI117932496
SLY101254596 101259374 101259676
SPEN107002543 107002619 107018458
SOT102581622 102596480
SSTN125856616 125864560 125864561 125867073
SDUL129876022 129876023 129876534 129877333 129877359
CANN107843501 107845631 107845637
LBB132632581 132632589 132640657
NTA107760728 107782453 107789659 107796030 107808708 107821574
NSY104212214 104236342 104237762
NTO104095460 104105343 104115589
NAU109208019 109244746 109244748
INI109155952
ITR115996701
SIND105173118 105173143
OEU111390364 111411701 111411703
EGT105963860
SSPL121750502 121762503 121765374 121792484 121793463 121798638
SMIL130998952 131009718 131020765
APAN127250344
HAN110917626 110926372 110937576
ECAD122591333 122595361
LSV111876796 111894622
CCAV112522922 112526585
DCR108193254 108193644 108205587 108208881
CSIN114261310 114268563
RVL131334622
AEW130752950 130781782 130783886 130792541
BVG104886867
SOE110790122
CQI110713900 110731597
ATRI130811376
MOF131166463
ZOF122040688 122045228
OTAOT_ostta15g01140
BPGBathy01g00490
MISMICPUN_108230
GTTGUITHDRAFT_97578
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:9786850]
  Authors
Sperling P, Zahringer U, Heinz E
  Title
A sphingolipid desaturase from higher plants. Identification of a new cytochrome  b5 fusion protein.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:28590-6 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.44.28590
  Sequence
[ath:AT3G61580] [bna:106454539]
Reference
2  [PMID:11171153]
  Authors
Sperling P, Blume A, Zahringer U, Heinz E
  Title
Further characterization of Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases from higher plants.
  Journal
Biochem Soc Trans 28:638-41 (2000)
  Sequence
[han:110917626]
Reference
3  [PMID:11368168]
  Authors
Sperling P, Libisch B, Zahringer U, Napier JA, Heinz E.
  Title
Functional identification of a delta8-sphingolipid desaturase from Borago officinalis.
  Journal
Arch Biochem Biophys 388:293-8 (2001)
DOI:10.1006/abbi.2001.2308
Reference
4  [PMID:12203571]
  Authors
Beckmann C, Rattke J, Oldham NJ, Sperling P, Heinz E, Boland W
  Title
Characterization of a Delta8-sphingolipid desaturase from higher plants: a stereochemical and mechanistic study on the origin of E,Z isomers.
  Journal
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 41:2298-300 (2002)
DOI:10.1002/1521-3773(20020703)41:13<2298::AID-ANIE2298>3.0.CO;2-G
Reference
5  [PMID:17600137]
  Authors
Ryan PR, Liu Q, Sperling P, Dong B, Franke S, Delhaize E
  Title
A higher plant delta8 sphingolipid desaturase with a preference for (Z)-isomer formation confers aluminum tolerance to yeast and plants.
  Journal
Plant Physiol 144:1968-77 (2007)
DOI:10.1104/pp.107.100446
Reference
6  [PMID:22023480]
  Authors
Chen M, Markham JE, Cahoon EB
  Title
Sphingolipid Delta8 unsaturation is important for glucosylceramide biosynthesis and low-temperature performance in Arabidopsis.
  Journal
Plant J 69:769-81 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04829.x
  Sequence
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.14.19.29
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.14.19.29
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.14.19.29
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.14.19.29

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