Entry
Name
cholesterol 25-monooxygenase;
cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (ambiguous)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
Miscellaneous
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
cholesterol,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (25-hydroxylating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
cholesterol + reduced acceptor + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + acceptor + H2O [RN:
R07218 ]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
Product
Comment
Unlike most other sterol hydroxylases, this enzyme is not a cytochrome P-450. Instead, it uses diiron cofactors to catalyse the hydroxylation of hydrophobic substrates [1]. The diiron cofactor can be either Fe-O-Fe or Fe-OH-Fe and is bound to the enzyme through interactions with clustered histidine or glutamate residues [4,5]. In cell cultures, this enzyme down-regulates cholesterol synthesis and the processing of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). cf. EC
1.17.99.10 , cholesterol C-25 hydroxylase.
History
EC 1.14.99.38 created 2005, modified 2020
Pathway
ec00120 Primary bile acid biosynthesis
Orthology
K10223 cholesterol 25-hydroxylase
Genes
AJM : 119057716 119057746(CH25H)
DNM : 101411736 101414027 101415306 101421920 101426258 101442861 101446245 101446828
PHI : 102102616(CH25H) 102109333
ACS : 100554078 100568259(ch25h)
PGUT : 117673144(CH25H) 117673145
XLA : 100037239(ch25h.L) 108697353(ch25h.S) 108710600
XTR : 100494906(ch25h) 100497262 100497425
NPR : 108788867 108788868 108788869 108796192 108796200 108804259
RTEM : 120930304 120931550 120947102 120947103
BBUF : 120985595 120986151 121003961 121003962
BGAR : 122925766 122929725 122940819(CH25H)
MUO : 115461554 115471135(CH25H)
GSH : 117348108 117348109 117358758(CH25H)
DRE : 100005337 100136851(ch25hl2) 336673(ch25hl1.1) 494109(ch25h) 798384(ch25hl1.2)
SRX : 107715196 107718661 107720887 107725732 107725743 107736627 107740202 107753436 107757531 107758440
SANH : 107655924 107663027 107669234 107683723 107690388 107691130 107691148 107700893 107701946
SGH : 107562118 107567886 107567893 107584143 107584572 107585461 107594211 107596167 107597898
CCAR : 109053824 109056552 109056804 109062966 109075736 109082232 109099486 109099495 109109020 109109516
CAUA : 113049542 113056214 113056215 113061636 113070454 113075320 113076202 113095476 113112232 113118497
CGIB : 127934592 127941353 127957223 127969371 127977211 127985361 128005511 128025123 128025124
PTET : 122323053(ch25hl1.1) 122341032(ch25hl2) 122345497(ch25hl3) 122355542(ch25h) 122362665(ch25hl1.2)
LROH : 127165184(ch25hl3) 127174377(ch25h) 127180391(ch25hl1.2) 127181129(ch25hl1.1)
OMC : 131524753(ch25hl1.1) 131524754(ch25hl1.2) 131529518(ch25hl2) 131541153(ch25hl3) 131550667(ch25h)
PPRM : 120487668(ch25hl1.1) 120487669(ch25hl1.2) 120488685(ch25h) 120491530(ch25hl2)
RKG : 130076353(ch25hl3) 130086861(ch25h) 130089341(ch25hl1.1) 130089352(ch25hl1.2) 130090741(ch25hl2)
MAMB : 125252563(ch25hl2) 125254169(ch25hl1.2) 125254493(ch25hl1.1) 125255445(ch25h) 125266422(ch25hl3)
CIDE : 127499757 127499758 127504189 127512233 127523387
CERY : 137007944(ch25h) 137012958(ch25hl2) 137022907(ch25hl1.1) 137022928(ch25hl1.2) 137034792(ch25hl3)
MASI : 127416828 127416829 127421892 127422948 127427190 127428724 127430788
TROS : 130551017(ch25hl3) 130562559 130569197 130569202 130570758(ch25hl2)
TDW : 130407916(ch25hl2) 130418747(ch25hl3) 130435951(ch25hl1.2) 130439111(ch25h) 130439170
MANU : 129419728(ch25hl1.2) 129421471(ch25h) 129424541(ch25hl2) 129440358(ch25hl3)
IPU : 100528885(ch25h) 108255855(ch25hl3) 108278808(ch25hl2)
IFU : 128599107(ch25hl3) 128617020(ch25h) 128622662(ch25hl2)
PHYP : 113527115(ch25h) 113535659 113536926
SMEO : 124380638(ch25hl3) 124389010(ch25h) 124397654(ch25hl2)
TFD : 113646574(ch25hl2) 113657139(ch25hl3) 113662513(ch25h)
TVC : 132855389(ch25hl3) 132859753(ch25h) 132860084(ch25hl2)
TRN : 134321980(ch25h) 134322097 134330757(ch25hl2) 134335694(ch25hl3)
AMEX : 103034249(ch25hl2) 103034469(ch25hl3) 103045179 103046335(ch25hl1.2) 103047082(ch25h) 111194838
CMAO : 118801343 118801345 118801346 118801347 118801348 118801381(ch25hl1.2) 118808873(ch25h) 118820683(ch25hl2) 118827633(ch25hl3)
EEE : 113576619 113579506(ch25h) 113581374 113583153
CHAR : 105891275 105896875 105902411(ch25hl2) 105903249 105905548(ch25hl1.2) 105905549 116218705 116221004(ch25hl3)
TRU : 101065133 101077007 101077849(ch25h)
TFS : 130516916(ch25hl2) 130526567(ch25hl3) 130536200(ch25hl1.2)
TNG : GSTEN00021570G001 GSTEN00025231G001
LCO : 104917835 104917877 104926621 104936550(ch25h) 109142690
NCC : 104944613 104946607 104946608 104954979
TBEN : 117476648(ch25hl2) 117491498(ch25hl1.2) 117491955(ch25hl1.1) 117496851(ch25hl3) 117498790(ch25h)
CGOB : 115009395 115010316 115014068 115017024(ch25h)
PGEO : 117447569 117447570 117452903(ch25hl3) 117456595(ch25hl2)
GACU : 117535489(ch25h) 117557640(ch25hl1.1) 117557665(ch25hl1.2) 117561148(ch25hl3) 117561536(ch25hl2)
EMAC : 134868797(ch25hl2) 134870672(ch25h) 134873058(ch25hl1.2) 134873348(ch25hl3) 134874369(ch25hl1.1)
ELY : 117246843 117248764 117251940(ch25hl3) 117262752(ch25hl1.1) 117262835(ch25hl1.2) 117270128(ch25hl2)
EFO : 125881292(ch25h) 125887301(ch25hl1.2) 125887445(ch25hl1.1) 125890562(ch25hl3) 125903279 125905762(ch25hl2)
PLEP : 121944851(ch25hl3) 121950428(ch25hl1.2) 121950544(ch25hl1.1) 121958812(ch25h) 121959425(ch25hl2)
SLUC : 116038559(ch25hl1.2) 116050499(ch25hl3) 116058002(ch25h) 116062991(ch25hl2)
ECRA : 117940092 117944316(ch25hl3) 117949050(ch25hl1.1) 117959182(ch25hl2)
ESP : 116690062 116704540(ch25h)
PFLV : 114548621 114555330 114570545 114572561
GAT : 120809648(ch25hl1.1) 120812854 120819662(ch25h) 120830874 120831757(ch25hl2)
PPUG : 119212566(ch25h) 119225133(ch25hl3) 119226756(ch25hl2)
AFB : 129091559(ch25h) 129092638 129100965(ch25hl3) 129102753(ch25hl2) 129108283(ch25hl1.1)
CLUM : 117732012(ch25hl1.2) 117732683(ch25hl1.1) 117735896(ch25hl3) 117740809(ch25hl2) 117748381(ch25h)
PSWI : 130195846(ch25hl1.1) 130196836(ch25hl3)
MSAM : 119892469 119893763(ch25hl1.1) 119894120(ch25hl1.2) 119896308 119904787 119914596(ch25hl2) 119915784(ch25h) 119916808
SCHU : 122865793(ch25hl2) 122868180(ch25h) 122874357(ch25hl1.1) 122875159 122876359(ch25hl3) 122884397
CUD : 121509691(ch25hl3) 121514558(ch25hl1.2) 121515688(ch25hl1.1) 121525603(ch25hl2) 121528501(ch25h)
ALAT : 119009219(ch25h) 119019387(ch25hl3) 119024609(ch25hl1.1) 119025006(ch25hl1.2) 119030042(ch25hl2) 119033453
MZE : 101464039 101464326 101470860 101481798 105941282 106674885 112429828
ONL : 100696013 100696562 100699268 100699809 100701652 109194213(ch25h)
OAU : 116315924(ch25hl2) 116322653(ch25hl3) 116324416(ch25h) 116326256(ch25hl1.1) 116326257(ch25hl1.2)
OLA : 101156734 101157212 101157865 101164274(ch25h) 101168135
OML : 112141841(ch25h) 112147991(ch25hl3) 112151827(ch25hl1.2) 112152648(ch25hl1.1) 112162812(ch25hl2)
CSAI : 133419180(ch25h) 133444753 133444755 133444890(ch25hl1.2) 133451412(ch25hl3) 133455068(ch25hl2)
XMA : 102220316 102220847 102226187(ch25h) 102228291 102233589
XCO : 114149338 114150608(ch25h) 114151933 114153140 114154193
XHE : 116711389 116724864 116726903(ch25h) 116730350 116732729
PRET : 103466608 103466611 103466612 103469762 103473293 103482136(ch25h)
PFOR : 103135849 103146713 103147873 103147874 103154699(ch25h)
PLAI : 106939549(ch25h) 106946133 106946155 106952272 106957700
PMEI : 106908836(ch25h) 106927449 106928281 106928292 106928736
GAF : 122822928(ch25h) 122828451(ch25hl3) 122835305(ch25hl1.2) 122835307(ch25hl1.1) 122847290(ch25hl2)
PPRL : 129352281(ch25h) 129363789(ch25hl1.1) 129364384(ch25hl1.2) 129372943 129374197(ch25hl2)
CVG : 107090365 107098555 107099843(ch25h) 107099912 107099916 107105109
CTUL : 119772477(ch25hl1.1) 119772481 119788292(ch25hl2) 119792881(ch25h) 119795570(ch25hl3)
GMU : 124859703 124872886(ch25hl2) 124875354(ch25h) 124878233(ch25hl3)
NFU : 107374896 107387499(ch25h) 107388554 107388555 107393522
KMR : 108229945(ch25hl1.1) 108230007(ch25hl1.2) 108234932(ch25hl3) 108244749(ch25hl2) 108250736(ch25h)
ALIM : 106514260 106514353 106527498 106528206(ch25h) 106535365
NWH : 119414095(ch25hl3) 119416436(ch25hl1.1) 119416438(ch25hl1.2) 119423881(ch25h) 119424452(ch25hl2)
AOCE : 111568530(ch25h) 111572649 111580157 111580177 111580718 111588232 111588578
MCEP : 124996740(ch25hl2) 125012343(ch25hl3) 125015175(ch25hl1.1) 125015207(ch25hl1.2) 125019245 125021928(ch25h)
CSEM : 103379449 103380340 103382303(ch25h) 103389923 103397457
POV : 109624069 109624296 109626203 109633719 109646054
SSEN : 122758601(ch25hl2) 122759451(ch25h) 122761719(ch25hl1.1) 122769910(ch25hl3) 122770032(ch25hl1.2)
HHIP : 117753470(ch25h) 117762572(ch25hl1.1) 117762574(ch25hl1.2) 117768407(ch25hl3) 117771696(ch25hl2)
HSP : 118100540(ch25h) 118109183(ch25hl1.1) 118109185(ch25hl1.2) 118114574(ch25hl3) 118125771(ch25hl2)
PPLT : 128424616(ch25hl2) 128426641(ch25h) 128438126(ch25hl3) 128444122(ch25hl1.2) 128444922(ch25hl1.1)
SMAU : 118288046(ch25h) 118300974(ch25hl2) 118314551(ch25hl3) 118314687(ch25hl1.1) 118315544(ch25hl1.2)
LCF : 108873757 108875282 108875283 108878399(ch25hl3) 108891073 108891484 108895464 108897287
SDU : 111220117(ch25h) 111228628 111228688 111231653 111235179 111239585
SLAL : 111647921 111657183(ch25h) 111666783 111667029 111667050 111670054
XGL : 120792869(ch25hl1.2) 120793386(ch25hl1.1) 120793946(ch25h) 120796129 120805429(ch25hl3) 120806724(ch25hl2)
HCQ : 109524973 109529265 109531322
SSCV : 125971122 125980121 125993916
SBIA : 133490991 133499464(ch25hl3)
PEE : 133399575(ch25hl3) 133402776(ch25hl1.1)
PTAO : 133465107 133474706(ch25hl3) 133477739 133478352(ch25hl1.1)
BPEC : 110156548 110156554 110157477 110161056
MALB : 109951790 109954096 109954943 109960357 109966367 109969654(ch25h)
BSPL : 114846261(ch25h) 114856867 114866878(ch25hl2)
SJO : 128359413(ch25hl1.2) 128359414(ch25hl1.1) 128364968(ch25hl3) 128380505(ch25hl2) 128381608(ch25h)
SASA : 100195833(c25ha) 106561197 106563107 106567920 106577089 106579045 106580502 106585111 106589227
STRU : 115151312 115157176 115160287 115164045 115193387 115196743 115200360 115201160 115201161 115203942
OTW : 112218585 112219235(ch25hl1.2) 112223449(ch25h) 112223989 112223991 112230551 112248656 112253351 112253430 112262684
OMY : 110491381(ch25h) 110495809 110498990 110498991 110509673 110522829 110525871 110529015 110532186 110536255
OGO : 123992595 124006600(ch25hl2) 124033247 124036489 124036494(ch25hl1.1) 124039270 124039271 124040765 124043028(ch25hl1.2) 124048168(ch25h)
ONE : 115106155 115108916 115111060 115117321 115123412 115134240 115136334 115140690 115144560 115144561
OKI : 109865585 109866946 109867139 109870284 109870320 109872262 109873626 109888795 109888846 109894929
OKE : 118357477 118358480 118368366(ch25h) 118369914 118385696(ch25hl2) 118394249 118396728 118400758 118402657
SALP : 111952029 111953068 111957758 111960989 111962419 111963625 111967775 111973817 111978295
SNH : 120017986 120021879 120029730 120029734 120029768 120029796 120045437(ch25h) 120053228 120062780 120065844(ch25hl1.2) 120066274
CCLU : 121531176(ch25hl1.2) 121531177(ch25hl1.1) 121541132 121547961 121547962 121553263 121553265 121553266 121553268 121553269 121577452 121577453 121582023 121583352(ch25hl2) 121587193 123490926
ELS : 105006363 105014364 105015270 114839368 114839369
SFM : 108925090 108925091 108931682 108939583(ch25h) 108940315
PKI : 111848549 111849940 111849941 111853761(ch25h)
AANG : 118213427(ch25hl2) 118215571(ch25hl1.2) 118221090(ch25h) 118222843(ch25hl1.1) 118237105(ch25hl3)
LOC : 102684791(ch25h) 102688217 102697999 102698265 102698466
PSPA : 121302508 121303173 121322034 121325861(ch25h) 121327316 121328677 121330015 121330075
ARUT : 117397904 117403758 117403820 117403828 117416266 117418550 117966132 117973423
PSEX : 120532114(ch25hl2) 120532241 120538881
LCM : 102349366 102354597 102355462 102359996(CH25H) 102362070
CMK : 103180777(ch25h) 103186385(ch25hl2) 103188202(ch25hl1.1)
RTP : 109929454(ch25h) 109932007(ch25hl2) 109934755
CPLA : 122542604 122561062(ch25h) 122565404
HOC : 132821406 132826434(ch25h) 132834702(ch25hl1.1)
LERI : 129694697(ch25hl2) 129704278(ch25h) 129713531(ch25hl1.1)
PMRN : 116942060 116943335
BBEL : 109463145 109474254
SCLV : 120345747 120348064
CEL : CELE_F35C8.5(F35C8.5)
LGI : LOTGIDRAFT_103020 LOTGIDRAFT_194826
PVUL : 126819114 126819550
PCAN : 112554126 112574477
CANU : 128164421 128177181
CVN : 111119201 111128627 111131290
PMAX : 117325553 117334195
MMER : 123522906 123523342
DPOL : 127873529 127874514 127877741
MAEA : 128214401 128227243 128229177
LLON : 135483710 135487008
» show all
Taxonomy
Reference
Authors
Lund EG, Kerr TA, Sakai J, Li WP, Russell DW
Title
cDNA cloning of mouse and human cholesterol 25-hydroxylases, polytopic membrane proteins that synthesize a potent oxysterol regulator of lipid metabolism.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Chen JJ, Lukyanenko Y, Hutson JC.
Title
25-hydroxycholesterol is produced by testicular macrophages during the early postnatal period and influences differentiation of Leydig cells in vitro.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Lukyanenko Y, Chen JJ, Hutson JC.
Title
Testosterone regulates 25-hydroxycholesterol production in testicular macrophages.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Fox BG, Shanklin J, Ai J, Loehr TM, Sanders-Loehr J.
Title
Resonance Raman evidence for an Fe-O-Fe center in stearoyl-ACP desaturase. Primary sequence identity with other diiron-oxo proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Russell DW
Title
The enzymes, regulation, and genetics of bile acid synthesis.
Journal
Sequence
Other DBs