Entry
Name
phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming);
4-step phytoene desaturase;
four-step phytoene desaturase;
phytoene desaturase (ambiguous);
CrtI (ambiguous)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on the CH-CH group of donors;
With unknown physiological acceptors
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase (lycopene-forming)
Reaction(IUBMB)
15-cis-phytoene + 4 acceptor = all-trans-lycopene + 4 reduced acceptor (overall reaction) [RN:
R09716 ];
(1a) 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor = all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor [RN:
R09692 ];
(1b) all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor = all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor [RN:
R04787 ];
(1c) all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor = all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor [RN:
R04798 ];
(1d) all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor = all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor [RN:
R04800 ]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
15-cis-phytoene [CPD:
C05421 ];
acceptor [CPD:
C00028 ];
all-trans-phytofluene [CPD:
C05414 ];
all-trans-zeta-carotene [CPD:
C05430 ];
all-trans-neurosporene [CPD:
C05431 ]
Product
all-trans-lycopene [CPD:
C05432 ];
reduced acceptor [CPD:
C00030 ];
all-trans-phytofluene [CPD:
C05414 ];
all-trans-zeta-carotene [CPD:
C05430 ];
all-trans-neurosporene [CPD:
C05431 ]
Comment
Requires FAD. The enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis and catalyses up to four desaturation steps (cf. EC
1.3.99.28 [phytoene desaturase (neurosporene-forming)], EC
1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] and EC
1.3.99.30 [phytoene desaturase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming)]).
History
EC 1.3.99.31 created 2011
Pathway
ec01110 Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
Orthology
Genes
AHN : NCTC12129_03059(crtN)
PLF : PANA5342_p10302(crtI)
PVA : Pvag_pPag30172(crtI)
PVD : CFBP1590__2676(crtI)
AFUS : EYZ66_11070(crtI) EYZ66_11705
LANT : TUM19329_07870(crtI)
TFRI : Thiofri_03784(crtI)
HHC : M911_05505 M911_10385
EBS : ECTOBSL9_2468 ECTOBSL9_3053
LIM : L103DPR2_00991(crtI)
LIH : L63ED372_00647(crtI)
BRA : BRADO1610(crtI) BRADO6507(crtI)
BROS : QUH67_09680(crtI) QUH67_09790
MEA : Mex_1p3219(crtI) Mex_1p3670
MDI : METDI3783(crtI) METDI4245
MZA : B2G69_22615 B2G69_24765
MRD : Mrad2831_2843 Mrad2831_5038
META : Y590_14610 Y590_16900
MAQU : Maq22A_c01760 Maq22A_c17210
MPHY : MCBMB27_02283 MCBMB27_04482
MEE : DA075_04130 DA075_07295
METD : C0214_16670 C0214_18850
METX : A3862_05930 A3862_17580
METI : DK427_17360 DK427_17940
MMES : MMSR116_03600(crtI) MMSR116_13500
MTEA : DK419_05090 DK419_25670
MIND : mvi_09360 mvi_27450(crtI)
MOG : MMB17_13935 MMB17_18235(crtI)
MTAD : M6G65_16740(crtI) M6G65_29760(crtI)
MECL : CLZ_13795(crtI) CLZ_15910(crtI)
BBAR : RHAL1_01932(crtI_1) RHAL1_03022(crtI_2)
BLAG : BLTE_02270 BLTE_15820
LIZ : LGH83_10625(crtI) LGH83_14105(crtI)
RLI : RLO149_p940070(crtI)
RMM : ROSMUCSMR3_03883(crtI)
PLCG : RVY76_00645 RVY76_15975(crtI)
LVS : LOKVESSMR4R_03622(crtI)
NOV : TQ38_003985 TQ38_008555
STER : AOA14_09210 AOA14_11755
SPHX : E5675_00150 E5675_18400
SPBS : L7H23_08095 L7H23_11055
SSAN : NX02_00970 NX02_06030
SPKC : KC8_05735 KC8_11310
SBIN : SBA_ch1_01680(crtI)
SRAD : LLW23_07515 LLW23_09615(crtI)
SAAP : E2E30_05020(crtI) E2E30_15540
SYA : A6768_23080 A6768_23660
SPAG : sphantq_02474(crtI)
SFLA : SPHFLASMR4Y_00464(crtI)
ACOA : RB602_05545(crtI) RB602_13760
SMIC : SmB9_24690(crtI_1) SmB9_26760(crtI_2)
CAEN : K5X80_03495 K5X80_13430
GTI : FXF46_11905(crtI) FXF46_15795(crtI)
RFL : Rmf_22310 Rmf_41710(crtI)
SRF : LHU95_04715(crtI) LHU95_14585
SKT : IGS68_00380(crtI) IGS68_17155
SMUC : JL100_001160(crtI) JL100_008880
SROE : JL101_000385(crtI) JL101_015335
MXA : MXAN_0895(crtI) MXAN_4052 MXAN_7517(carC)
MSD : MYSTI_00905 MYSTI_03876 MYSTI_07549
MYM : A176_002843 A176_006086 A176_007612
MFB : MFUL124B02_05125 MFUL124B02_20820 MFUL124B02_40030
MYX : QEG98_05175(crtI) QEG98_21690(crtI) QEG98_38765(crtI)
MLAN : JY572_07255(crtI) JY572_22035(crtI) JY572_29570(crtI)
CCX : COCOR_00780(crtI) COCOR_07516(carC)
MFU : LILAB_04235 LILAB_11770 LILAB_28445
MMAS : MYMAC_000919 MYMAC_003976 MYMAC_006633
PPAK : JY651_12675(crtI) JY651_34695(crtI) JY651_44985(crtI)
SUR : STAUR_0876(carC) STAUR_7080(crtI)
AGE : AA314_01866 AA314_09735
AVM : JQX13_09220(crtI) JQX13_22165(crtI)
MBD : MEBOL_002664 MEBOL_004333
CFUS : CYFUS_001181 CYFUS_009522
TIM : GMBLW1_01370 GMBLW1_12240
TPLA : ElP_33330(crtP) ElP_59630(crtI_2)
PCAG : NCTC12856_01447(crtN)
PSEG : D3H65_20270(crtI) D3H65_25850(crtI)
PEP : AQ505_11355 AQ505_16665
PGJ : QG516_04260(crtI) QG516_24900
SMIZ : 4412673_01681(crtN_1) 4412673_03996(crtN_2)
SDJ : NCTC13534_02181(crtN_1)
STHA : NCTC11429_00226(crtN)
MGOT : MgSA37_01902(carA2)
MUH : HYN43_000210(crtI) HYN43_020755(crtI)
MRUB : DEO27_000185(crtI) DEO27_021520(crtI)
PSEZ : HME7025_02180(crtP)
HRS : HER32_02965 HER32_16950(crtI)
PRHO : PZB74_07355(crtI) PZB74_16610(crtI)
FOK : KK2020170_00910(crtI)
PLIT : K8354_06355(crtI) K8354_08850
PHG : KCTC32516_02206(carA2)
AALG : AREALGSMS7_04932(carA2)
KOS : KORDIASMS9_03095(crtN)
KAN : IMCC3317_47270(crtN)
CGLE : NCTC11432_00173(crtN)
CTAI : NCTC12078_00722(crtN)
CTAK : 4412677_00186(crtN)
CSAL : NBC122_02084(carA2)
CJG : NCTC13459_00879(crtN)
CANT : NCTC13489_00926(crtN)
KFA : Q73A0000_02280(crtI)
PTAN : CRYO30217_03161(carA2)
PCAY : FRD00_10865 FRD00_16100(crtI)
BBAE : FRD01_00575(crtI) FRD01_09490
BIF : N288_02885 N288_07340
BHAI : KJK41_04930(crtI) KJK41_21505(crtI) KJK41_21510(crtI)
BASB : M662_08095(crtI) M662_08100(crtI) M662_08135(crtI)
BFX : BC359_09820 BC359_17050
PKS : IE339_03595(crtI) IE339_03600(crtI) IE339_11550(crtI)
SHUA : PQ477_16745(crtI) PQ477_16750(crtI)
CSUA : IM538_13630(crtI) IM538_13665(crtI) IM538_13670(crtI)
CSPG : LS684_05840(crtI) LS684_05845(crtI) LS684_23860(crtI)
AAYD : B379_03480 B379_03485
HSAN : MUN89_15045(crtI) MUN89_15060(crtI)
SAPL : U0355_08445(crtI) U0355_08450(crtI)
BMUR : ABE28_002635 ABE28_013820
PCHU : QNI29_08885(crtI) QNI29_08890(crtI)
MENL : MVE64_00075(crtI) MVE64_17770(crtI)
RMF : D5E69_08425(crtI) D5E69_08430(crtI)
RAZ : U9J35_07980(crtI) U9J35_07985(crtI) U9J35_13465(crtI)
ROD : P8596_04675(crtI) P8596_08215(crtI) P8596_08220(crtI) P8596_13740(crtI)
ROSS : V2W31_08035(crtI) V2W31_08040(crtI) V2W31_13380(crtI)
MCUI : G8O30_03220(crtI) G8O30_03225(crtI) G8O30_06265(crtI)
PSUA : FLK61_30275(crtI) FLK61_30280(crtI) FLK61_30290(crtI)
MSUT : LC048_10875(crtI) LC048_10915(crtI) LC048_10920(crtI)
ECTO : MUG87_16900(crtI) MUG87_16905(crtI)
ALKL : MM271_11075(crtI) MM271_11080(crtI) MM271_11095(crtI)
PHJ : LC071_00560(crtI) LC071_00565(crtI) LC071_00590(crtI)
AHAL : FTX54_007640(crtI) FTX54_007645(crtI) FTX54_007655(crtI)
LGZ : NCTC10812_01594(crtN)
PALO : E6C60_1948 E6C60_1949
PTJ : JRJ22_27205(crtI) JRJ22_27230(crtI)
PKA : PQ456_11190(crtI) PQ456_20140(crtI)
PUI : PUW25_22970(crtI) PUW25_22995(crtI) PUW25_23000(crtI)
PPOG : QPK24_22000(crtI) QPK24_22005(crtI)
PAUN : MJA45_20705(crtI) MJA45_20710(crtI)
PHK : SK066_03060(crtI) SK066_03065(crtI)
PNK : AASFL403_07775(crtI) AASFL403_21530 AASFL403_21535
PPAB : KET34_31530(crtI) KET34_31535(crtI)
PEZZ : HW560_08340(crtI) HW560_08345(crtI)
COHN : KCTCHS21_30300(crtN)
SACA : FFV09_08625(crtI) FFV09_16690(crtI)
PLIQ : QWY22_17140(crtI) QWY22_17150(crtI)
PSHE : QWY16_03915(crtI) QWY16_09220(crtI)
PSHX : QWY21_03945(crtI) QWY21_06310(crtI)
STRB : QWT68_03920(crtI) QWT68_13920(crtI)
SJT : PGH26_12575(crtI) PGH26_14160(crtI)
TOO : C7K38_02265 C7K38_02420
JEM : LZ578_02800(crtI) LZ578_05085(crtI)
HCV : FTV88_2648 FTV88_3059
CLE : Clole_0362 Clole_4057
HOR : Hore_05320 Hore_05325
AHK : NCTC10172_00271(crtN)
ABRA : BN85313760(crtI) BN85314730
AAXA : NCTC10138_01638(crtN)
RTS : CE91St31_24610(crtN)
MMAE : MMARE11_46360(crtI)
MSTO : MSTO_59930 MSTO_60410
MSAK : MSAS_15640 MSAS_52890
MCOO : MCOO_47790 MCOO_48930
MHEK : JMUB5695_04212(crtO_3)
MNE : D174_16440 D174_22635
MYN : MyAD_16130 MyAD_22195
MPHL : MPHLCCUG_02048(carA2)
MAUU : NCTC10437_04605(crtN_3)
MHEV : MHEL_00250 MHEL_34610 MHEL_43640
MSAR : MSAR_05680 MSAR_34920
MANY : MANY_04780 MANY_19320 MANY_39210
MFLV : NCTC10271_03415(crtN)
CAUS : CAURIC_04075(carA1)
NFA : NFA_17370(crtI1) NFA_43990(crtI2)
NFR : ERS450000_02377(crtN_1) ERS450000_05519(crtN_2)
NBR : O3I_011555 O3I_023390
NNO : NONO_c23480(crtI1) NONO_c38570(crtI2)
NSR : NS506_03335(crtI) NS506_04055 NS506_05483(crtH)
NOZ : DMB37_32125 DMB37_36255
NAD : NCTC11293_02787(crtN)
NWL : NWFMUON74_36070 NWFMUON74_48430(crtI)
NTC : KHQ06_17595(crtI) KHQ06_20450
NGP : LTT66_02555(crtI) LTT66_28900(crtI)
NSPU : IFM12276_29000 IFM12276_44730(crtI)
ROA : Pd630_LPD05203 Pd630_LPD16135
RPY : Y013_05850 Y013_17050
RBY : CEJ39_03450 CEJ39_16495
RHU : A3Q40_01197(carA2_1)
RHQ : IM25_07000 IM25_19870
RHOD : AOT96_27845 AOT96_33430
RRT : 4535765_00117(crtN_1) 4535765_02986(crtN_2)
RCR : NCTC10994_00031(crtN_1) NCTC10994_02753(crtN_2)
RGOR : NMQ04_00510(crtI) NMQ04_12730(crtI)
RANT : RHODO2019_09935(crtI)
GOM : D7316_00258(carA2_1)
GPD : GII33_13465(crtI) GII33_15060
TPUL : TPB0596_05060(crtI)
SGR : SGR_59t(crtI2) SGR_6829(crtI) SGR_7080t(crtI3)
SAMB : SAM23877_0813(crtI)
SLE : sle_65920(sle_65920)
STRD : NI25_03585 NI25_35275
SGF : HEP81_07769 HEP81_07981
DCO : SAMEA4475696_0721(crtN)
TLA : TLA_TLA_02532(carA2_2)
BRT : J4N02_03595(crtI) J4N02_13490(crtI)
AGRA : AGRA3207_003215(crtI)
SACG : FDZ84_21010(crtI) FDZ84_24080(crtI)
AMD : AMED_2323(crtI) AMED_4075(crtI)
AMM : AMES_2297(crtI) AMES_4027(crtI)
AMZ : B737_2298(crtI) B737_4027(crtI)
AOI : AORI_1555(crtI) AORI_2310(crtI)
AORI : SD37_12575 SD37_26365
APRT : MUY14_19355(crtI) MUY14_24830(crtI)
AROO : NQK81_06115(crtI) NQK81_10790(crtI)
AMOG : QRX60_25330(crtI) QRX60_32265(crtI)
ACOR : LCL61_21965(crtI) LCL61_36275(crtI)
ANW : QP939_37025(crtI) QP939_50850(crtI)
PBRO : HOP40_06035 HOP40_18025 HOP40_30470(crtI)
APRE : CNX65_06935 CNX65_19055
SESP : BN6_16530(crtI1) BN6_50830(crtI3)
SSYI : EKG83_08145(crtI) EKG83_19260(crtI)
SACX : IOD16_05090(crtI) IOD16_07015(crtI)
ACTU : Actkin_01605(carA2_1) Actkin_02218(carA2_2)
CROS : N8J89_22550(crtI) N8J89_24365(crtI)
ACTY : OG774_03125(crtI) OG774_14200
UME : RM788_08265(crtI) RM788_36110(crtI)
VER : HUT12_01040(crtI) HUT12_01745(crtI)
ASIC : Q0Z83_086550(crtI_2)
ATL : Athai_04000 Athai_67610
ASER : Asera_03320 Asera_27680
CATI : CS0771_15110 CS0771_70260
LEPV : J4558_04920(crtI) J4558_19500(crtI)
CALS : NIES3974_00320(pds)
RRS : RoseRS_0943 RoseRS_2155
CHL : Chy400_1535 Chy400_2611
PMET : G4Y79_16465(crtI) G4Y79_17110(crtI)
DEIN : DAAJ005_08190(crtI)
» show all
Taxonomy
Reference
Authors
Fraser PD, Misawa N, Linden H, Yamano S, Kobayashi K, Sandmann G
Title
Expression in Escherichia coli, purification, and reactivation of the recombinant Erwinia uredovora phytoene desaturase.
Journal
J Biol Chem 267:19891-5 (1992)
Sequence
Other DBs
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.3.99.31