Transferases;
Acyltransferases;
Transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups

acetyl-CoA:N-terminal-Met-Leu/Ile/Phe/Trp/Tyr-[protein] Met Nalpha-acetyltransferase

(1) acetyl-CoA + an N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-[protein] = an N-terminal-Nalpha-acetyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-[protein] + CoA;
(2) acetyl-CoA + an N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-isoleucyl-[protein] = an N-terminal-Nalpha-acetyl-L-methionyl-L-isoleucyl-[protein] + CoA;
(3) acetyl-CoA + an N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-phenylalanyl-[protein] = an N-terminal-Nalpha-acetyl-L-methionyl-L-phenylalanyl-[protein] + CoA;
(4) acetyl-CoA + an N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-tryptophyl-[protein] = an N-terminal-Nalpha-acetyl-L-methionyl-L-tryptophyl-[protein] + CoA;
(5) acetyl-CoA + an N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-tyrosyl-[protein] = an N-terminal-Nalpha-acetyl-L-methionyl-L-tyrosyl-[protein] + CoA

acetyl-CoA [CPD:C00024];
N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-[protein];
N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-isoleucyl-[protein];
N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-phenylalanyl-[protein];
N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-tryptophyl-[protein];
N-terminal-L-methionyl-L-tyrosyl-[protein]

N-terminal-acetylases (NATs) catalyse the covalent attachment of an acetyl moiety from acetyl-CoA to the free alpha-amino group at the N-terminus of a protein. This irreversible modification neutralizes the positive charge at the N-terminus and makes the N-terminal residue larger and more hydrophobic, and may also play a role in membrane targeting and gene silencing. The NatC complex is found in all eukaryotic organisms, and specifically targets N-terminal L-methionine residues attached to bulky hydrophobic residues at the second position, including Leu, Ile, Phe, Trp, and Tyr residues.

EC 2.3.1.256 created 1989 as EC 2.3.1.88, part transferred 2016 to EC 2.3.1.256

1  [PMID:11274203]

Polevoda B, Sherman F

NatC Nalpha-terminal acetyltransferase of yeast contains three subunits, Mak3p, Mak10p, and Mak31p.

J Biol Chem 276:20154-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M011440200

2  [PMID:12890471]

Polevoda B, Sherman F

Composition and function of the eukaryotic N-terminal acetyltransferase subunits.

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 308:1-11 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01316-0

3  [PMID:12897255]

Pesaresi P, Gardner NA, Masiero S, Dietzmann A, Eichacker L, Wickner R, Salamini F, Leister D

Cytoplasmic N-terminal protein acetylation is required for efficient photosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

Plant Cell 15:1817-32 (2003)
DOI:10.1105/tpc.012377

[ath:AT2G38130]

4  [PMID:16484612]

Wenzlau JM, Garl PJ, Simpson P, Stenmark KR, West J, Artinger KB, Nemenoff RA, Weiser-Evans MC

Embryonic growth-associated protein is one subunit of a novel N-terminal acetyltransferase complex essential for embryonic vascular development.

Circ Res 98:846-55 (2006)
DOI:10.1161/01.RES.0000214539.86593.7a

5  [PMID:19398576]

Starheim KK, Gromyko D, Evjenth R, Ryningen A, Varhaug JE, Lillehaug JR, Arnesen T

Knockdown of human N alpha-terminal acetyltransferase complex C leads to p53-dependent apoptosis and aberrant human Arl8b localization.

Mol Cell Biol 29:3569-81 (2009)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.01909-08

[hsa:122830 60560 84316]