| Entry |
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| Name |
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| Class |
Hydrolases;
Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases);
Serine endopeptidases
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
Cleaves type-1 transmembrane domains using a catalytic dyad composed of serine and histidine that are contributed by different transmembrane domains
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| Comment |
These endopeptidases are multi-spanning membrane proteins. Their catalytic site is embedded within the membrane and they cleave type-1 transmembrane domains. A catalytic dyad is involved in proteolysis rather than a catalytic triad, as was thought previously [14]. They are important for embryo development in Drosophila melanogaster. Rhomboid is a key regulator of EGF receptor signalling and is responsible for cleaving Spitz, the main ligand of the Drosophila EGF receptor pathway. Belongs in peptidase family S54. Parasite-encoded rhomboid enzymes are also important for invasion of host cells by Toxoplasma and the malaria parasite. Rhomboids are widely conserved from bacteria to archaea to humans [9,13].
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| History |
EC 3.4.21.105 created 2005
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| Orthology |
| K02857 | rhomboid-related protein 1/2/3 |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Urban S, Wolfe MS |
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| Title |
Reconstitution of intramembrane proteolysis in vitro reveals that pure rhomboid is sufficient for catalysis and specificity. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Brossier F, Jewett TJ, Sibley LD, Urban S. |
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| Title |
A spatially localized rhomboid protease cleaves cell surface adhesins essential for invasion by Toxoplasma. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Herlan M, Bornhovd C, Hell K, Neupert W, Reichert AS. |
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| Title |
Alternative topogenesis of Mgm1 and mitochondrial morphology depend on ATP and a functional import motor. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Pascall JC, Brown KD |
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| Title |
Intramembrane cleavage of ephrinB3 by the human rhomboid family protease, RHBDL2. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Sik A, Passer BJ, Koonin EV, Pellegrini L |
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| Title |
Self-regulated cleavage of the mitochondrial intramembrane-cleaving protease PARL yields Pbeta, a nuclear-targeted peptide. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Urban S, Freeman M. |
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| Title |
Substrate specificity of rhomboid intramembrane proteases is governed by helix-breaking residues in the substrate transmembrane domain. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Herlan M, Vogel F, Bornhovd C, Neupert W, Reichert AS. |
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| Title |
Processing of Mgm1 by the rhomboid-type protease Pcp1 is required for maintenance of mitochondrial morphology and of mitochondrial DNA. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
McQuibban GA, Saurya S, Freeman M. |
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| Title |
Mitochondrial membrane remodelling regulated by a conserved rhomboid protease. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Koonin EV, Makarova KS, Rogozin IB, Davidovic L, Letellier MC, Pellegrini L. |
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| Title |
The rhomboids: a nearly ubiquitous family of intramembrane serine proteases that probably evolved by multiple ancient horizontal gene transfers. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Urban S, Freeman M. |
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| Title |
Intramembrane proteolysis controls diverse signalling pathways throughout evolution. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Urban S, Schlieper D, Freeman M. |
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| Title |
Conservation of intramembrane proteolytic activity and substrate specificity in prokaryotic and eukaryotic rhomboids. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Urban S, Lee JR, Freeman M. |
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| Title |
A family of Rhomboid intramembrane proteases activates all Drosophila membrane-tethered EGF ligands. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Urban S, Lee JR, Freeman M |
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| Title |
Drosophila rhomboid-1 defines a family of putative intramembrane serine proteases. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Lemberg MK, Menendez J, Misik A, Garcia M, Koth CM, Freeman M. |
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| Title |
Mechanism of intramembrane proteolysis investigated with purified rhomboid proteases. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ha Y. |
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| Title |
Crystal structure of a rhomboid family intramembrane protease. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Other DBs |
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