| Entry |
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| Name |
N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine synthase;
Nalpha-citryl-Nepsilon-acetyl-Nepsilon-hydroxylysine synthase;
iucA (gene name)
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| Class |
Ligases;
Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds;
Acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases)
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| Sysname |
citrate:N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine ligase (AMP-forming)
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
2 ATP + citrate + N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine + H2O = 2 ADP + 2 phosphate + N6-acetyl-N2-citryl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine [RN: R10090]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
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| Product |
ADP [CPD: C00008];
phosphate [CPD: C00009];
N6-acetyl-N2-citryl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine
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| Comment |
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of aerobactin, a dihydroxamate siderophore. It belongs to a class of siderophore synthases known as type A nonribosomal peptide synthase-independent synthases (NIS). Type A enzymes are responsible for the formation of amide or ester bonds between polyamines or amino alcohols and a prochiral carboxyl group of citrate. The enzyme is believed to form an adenylate intermediate prior to ligation.
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| History |
EC 6.3.2.38 created 2012, modified 2019
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| Pathway |
| ec01120 | Microbial metabolism in diverse environments |
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| Orthology |
| K03894 | N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine synthase |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Gibson F, Magrath DI. |
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| Title |
The isolation and characterization of a hydroxamic acid (aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-I. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
2 |
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| Authors |
Maurer, P.J. and Miller, M. |
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| Title |
Microbial iron chelators: total synthesis of aerobactin and its constituent amino acid, N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxylysine. |
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| Journal |
J Am Chem Soc 104:3096-3101 (1982) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
de Lorenzo V, Bindereif A, Paw BH, Neilands JB. |
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| Title |
Aerobactin biosynthesis and transport genes of plasmid ColV-K30 in Escherichia coli K-12. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
4 |
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| Authors |
Appanna, D.L., Grundy, B.J., Szczepan, E.W. and Viswanatha, T. |
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| Title |
Aerobactin synthesis in a cell-free system of Aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. |
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| Journal |
Biochim Biophys Acta 801:437-443 (1984) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Challis GL. |
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| Title |
A widely distributed bacterial pathway for siderophore biosynthesis independent of nonribosomal peptide synthetases. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Oves-Costales D, Kadi N, Challis GL |
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| Title |
The long-overlooked enzymology of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase-independent pathway for virulence-conferring siderophore biosynthesis. |
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| Journal |
Chem Commun (Camb) 6530-41 (2009) |
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| Other DBs |
| ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: | 6.3.2.38 |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 6.3.2.38 |
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