| Entry |
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| Name |
lactate racemase;
lacticoracemase;
hydroxyacid racemase;
lactic acid racemase;
larA (gene name)
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| Class |
Isomerases;
Racemases and epimerases;
Acting on hydroxy acids and derivatives
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| Sysname |
lactate racemase
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
(S)-lactate = (R)-lactate [RN: R01450]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
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| Product |
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| Comment |
The enzyme has been characterized from the bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum and appears to be restricted to lactic acid bacteria. It contains a unique nickel-containing cofactor, pyridinium-3-thioamide-5-thiocarboxylate mononucleotide Ni pincer complex.
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| History |
EC 5.1.2.1 created 1961
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| Pathway |
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| Orthology |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
HUENNEKENS FM, MAHLER HR, NORDMANN J. |
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| Title |
Studies on the cyclophorase system. XVII. The occurrence and properties of an alpha-hydroxy acid racemose. |
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| Journal |
Arch Biochem 30:77-89 (1951) |
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| Reference |
2 |
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| Authors |
Kitahara, K., Obayashi, A. and Fukui, S. |
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| Title |
Racemase I cell-free racemase. |
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| Journal |
Enzymologia 15:259-266 (1953) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Goffin P, Deghorain M, Mainardi JL, Tytgat I, Champomier-Verges MC, Kleerebezem M, Hols P |
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| Title |
Lactate racemization as a rescue pathway for supplying D-lactate to the cell wall biosynthesis machinery in Lactobacillus plantarum. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Desguin B, Goffin P, Viaene E, Kleerebezem M, Martin-Diaconescu V, Maroney MJ, Declercq JP, Soumillion P, Hols P |
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| Title |
Lactate racemase is a nickel-dependent enzyme activated by a widespread maturation system. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Desguin B, Zhang T, Soumillion P, Hols P, Hu J, Hausinger RP |
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| Title |
METALLOPROTEINS. A tethered niacin-derived pincer complex with a nickel-carbon bond in lactate racemase. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Yu MJ, Chen SL |
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| Title |
From NAD+ to Nickel Pincer Complex: A Significant Cofactor Evolution Presented by Lactate Racemase. |
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| Journal |
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| Other DBs |
| ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: | 5.1.2.1 |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 5.1.2.1 |
| BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: | 5.1.2.1 |
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