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KEGG   PATHWAY: hsa03320
Entry
hsa03320                    Pathway                                
Name
PPAR signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
Description
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that are activated by fatty acids and their derivatives. PPAR has three subtypes (PPARalpha, beta/delta, and gamma) showing different expression patterns in vertebrates. Each of them is encoded in a separate gene and binds fatty acids and eicosanoids. PPARalpha plays a role in the clearance of circulating or cellular lipids via the regulation of gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in liver and skeletal muscle. PPARbeta/delta is involved in lipid oxidation and cell proliferation. PPARgamma promotes adipocyte differentiation to enhance blood glucose uptake.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
Pathway map
hsa03320  PPAR signaling pathway
hsa03320

Drug
D00279  Clofibrate (JP18/USP/INN)
D00334  Gemfibrozil (JAN/USP/INN)
D00395  Troglitazone (JAN/USAN/INN)
D00565  Fenofibrate (JP18/USP/INN)
D00596  Rosiglitazone maleate (JAN/USP)
D00945  Pioglitazone hydrochloride (JP18/USP)
D01208  Aluminum clofibrate (JAN/INN)
D01274  Tesaglitazar (JAN/USAN/INN)
D01366  Bezafibrate (JP18/USAN/INN)
D01971  Reglitazar (JAN/INN)
D02047  Dextran sulfate sodium (JAN)
D02815  Alitretinoin (USAN)
D03106  Bexarotene (JAN/USAN/INN)
D03343  Dextran sulfate sodium sulfur 5 (JP18)
D03493  Ciglitazone (USAN/INN)
D03521  Ciprofibrate (USAN/INN)
D03747  Ibrolipim (USAN/INN)
D03941  Edaglitazone sodium (USAN)
D03996  Englitazone sodium (USAN)
D04132  Farglitazar (USAN/INN)
D04268  Elastase ES
D04411  Halofenate (USAN/INN)
D05030  Mifobate (USAN/INN)
D05091  Muraglitazar (USAN/INN)
D05150  Netoglitazone (USAN/INN)
D05255  Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (USP)
D05397  Peliglitazar (USAN)
D05739  Rivoglitazone (USAN/INN)
D06102  Theofibrate (USAN)
D06647  Sodelglitazar (USAN)
D07187  Etofibrate (INN)
D07724  Magnesium clofibrate (INN)
D08378  Pioglitazone (INN)
D08491  Rosiglitazone (INN)
D08845  Aleglitazar (USAN)
D08890  Choline fenofibrate (USAN/INN)
D08949  Naveglitazar (USAN/INN)
D09350  Indeglitazar (USAN)
D09579  Arhalofenate (USAN/INN)
D11208  Elafibranor (USAN)
D11256  Seladelpar (USAN/INN)
D11257  Seladelpar lysine (USAN)
D11579  Fenofibric acid
D11604  Leriglitazone hydrochloride (USAN)
D11648  Volanesorsen (USAN/INN)
D11650  Volanesorsen sodium (USAN)
D11923  Lobeglitazone (INN)
D12242  Bocidelpar (USAN)
D12243  Bocidelpar sulfate (USAN)
D12298  Abequolixron (USAN/INN)
D12299  Abequolixron zinc (USAN)
D12484  Carfloglitazar (INN)
D12614  Trisdecanoin (JAN/INN)
D12644  Mavodelpar (USAN/INN)
D12645  Mavodelpar sodium (USAN)
Organism
Homo sapiens (human) [GN:hsa]
Gene
948  CD36; CD36 molecule (CD36 blood group) [KO:K06259]
376497  SLC27A1; solute carrier family 27 member 1 [KO:K08745] [EC:6.2.1.-]
10999  SLC27A4; solute carrier family 27 member 4 [KO:K08745] [EC:6.2.1.-]
11001  SLC27A2; solute carrier family 27 member 2 [KO:K08746] [EC:6.2.1.- 6.2.1.3]
10998  SLC27A5; solute carrier family 27 member 5 [KO:K08748] [EC:6.2.1.7]
28965  SLC27A6; solute carrier family 27 member 6 [KO:K08749]
2168  FABP1; fatty acid binding protein 1 [KO:K08750]
2169  FABP2; fatty acid binding protein 2 [KO:K08751]
2170  FABP3; fatty acid binding protein 3 [KO:K08752]
2167  FABP4; fatty acid binding protein 4 [KO:K08753]
2171  FABP5; fatty acid binding protein 5 [KO:K08754]
2172  FABP6; fatty acid binding protein 6 [KO:K08755]
2173  FABP7; fatty acid binding protein 7 [KO:K08756]
5465  PPARA; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha [KO:K07294]
6256  RXRA; retinoid X receptor alpha [KO:K08524]
6257  RXRB; retinoid X receptor beta [KO:K08525]
6258  RXRG; retinoid X receptor gamma [KO:K08526]
5467  PPARD; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta [KO:K04504]
5468  PPARG; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma [KO:K08530]
3157  HMGCS1; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
3158  HMGCS2; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 [KO:K01641] [EC:2.3.3.10]
335  APOA1; apolipoprotein A1 [KO:K08757]
336  APOA2; apolipoprotein A2 [KO:K08758]
345  APOC3; apolipoprotein C3 [KO:K08759]
116519  APOA5; apolipoprotein A5 [KO:K09025]
5360  PLTP; phospholipid transfer protein [KO:K08761]
10873  ME3; malic enzyme 3 [KO:K00029] [EC:1.1.1.40]
4199  ME1; malic enzyme 1 [KO:K00029] [EC:1.1.1.40]
9415  FADS2; fatty acid desaturase 2 [KO:K10226] [EC:1.14.19.3]
6319  SCD; stearoyl-CoA desaturase [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
79966  SCD5; stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
1581  CYP7A1; cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 [KO:K00489] [EC:1.14.14.23]
1582  CYP8B1; cytochrome P450 family 8 subfamily B member 1 [KO:K07431] [EC:1.14.14.139]
10062  NR1H3; nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 [KO:K08536]
1593  CYP27A1; cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 [KO:K00488] [EC:1.14.15.15]
1622  DBI; diazepam binding inhibitor, acyl-CoA binding protein [KO:K08762]
4023  LPL; lipoprotein lipase [KO:K01059] [EC:3.1.1.34]
23305  ACSL6; acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 6 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
2182  ACSL4; acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
2180  ACSL1; acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
51703  ACSL5; acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 5 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
2181  ACSL3; acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 3 [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
23205  ACSBG1; acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 1 [KO:K15013] [EC:6.2.1.3]
81616  ACSBG2; acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 2 [KO:K15013] [EC:6.2.1.3]
4973  OLR1; oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 [KO:K08763]
1962  EHHADH; enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase [KO:K07514] [EC:4.2.1.17 1.1.1.35 5.3.3.8]
30  ACAA1; acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 [KO:K07513] [EC:2.3.1.16]
6342  SCP2; sterol carrier protein 2 [KO:K08764] [EC:2.3.1.176]
8310  ACOX3; acyl-CoA oxidase 3, pristanoyl [KO:K00232] [EC:1.3.3.6]
51  ACOX1; acyl-CoA oxidase 1 [KO:K00232] [EC:1.3.3.6]
8309  ACOX2; acyl-CoA oxidase 2 [KO:K10214] [EC:1.17.99.3]
1374  CPT1A; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A [KO:K08765] [EC:2.3.1.21]
1375  CPT1B; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B [KO:K19523] [EC:2.3.1.21]
126129  CPT1C; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C [KO:K19524] [EC:2.3.1.21]
1376  CPT2; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 [KO:K08766] [EC:2.3.1.21]
33  ACADL; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain [KO:K00255] [EC:1.3.8.8]
34  ACADM; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain [KO:K00249] [EC:1.3.8.7]
51129  ANGPTL4; angiopoietin like 4 [KO:K08767]
10580  SORBS1; sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1 [KO:K06086]
5346  PLIN1; perilipin 1 [KO:K08768]
123  PLIN2; perilipin 2 [KO:K17284]
729359  PLIN4; perilipin 4 [KO:K20254]
440503  PLIN5; perilipin 5 [KO:K20255]
9370  ADIPOQ; adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing [KO:K07296]
4312  MMP1; matrix metallopeptidase 1 [KO:K01388] [EC:3.4.24.7]
7350  UCP1; uncoupling protein 1 [KO:K08769]
3611  ILK; integrin linked kinase [KO:K06272] [EC:2.7.11.1]
5170  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
7316  UBC; ubiquitin C [KO:K08770]
5105  PCK1; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
5106  PCK2; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
2712  GK2; glycerol kinase 2 [KO:K00864] [EC:2.7.1.30]
2710  GK; glycerol kinase [KO:K00864] [EC:2.7.1.30]
2713  GK3; glycerol kinase 3 [KO:K00864] [EC:2.7.1.30]
364  AQP7; aquaporin 7 [KO:K08771]
100509620  AQP7B; aquaporin 7B [KO:K08771]
Compound
C02165  Leukotriene B4
C14762  13(S)-HODE
C14767  9(S)-HODE
C14776  8(S)-HETE
C15493  9-cis-Retinoic acid
Reference
PMID:15828220
  Authors
Takahashi N, Goto T, Kusudo T, Moriyama T, Kawada T.
  Title
[The structures and functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)]
  Journal
Nippon Rinsho 63:557-64 (2005)
Reference
PMID:15828221
  Authors
Fujii H.
  Title
[PPARs-mediated intracellular signal transduction]
  Journal
Nippon Rinsho 63:565-71 (2005)
Reference
PMID:15828222
  Authors
Takada I, Kato S.
  Title
[PPARs target genes]
  Journal
Nippon Rinsho 63:573-7 (2005)
Reference
PMID:15828223
  Authors
Inoue H.
  Title
[Endogenous ligands for PPARs]
  Journal
Nippon Rinsho 63:578-83 (2005)
Reference
PMID:16476485
  Authors
Feige JN, Gelman L, Michalik L, Desvergne B, Wahli W.
  Title
From molecular action to physiological outputs: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are nuclear receptors at the crossroads of key cellular functions.
  Journal
Prog Lipid Res 45:120-59 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.plipres.2005.12.002
Reference
PMID:16601267
  Authors
Desvergne B, Michalik L, Wahli W.
  Title
Transcriptional regulation of metabolism.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 86:465-514 (2006)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00025.2005
Reference
PMID:14999402
  Authors
Mandard S, Muller M, Kersten S.
  Title
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha target genes.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 61:393-416 (2004)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-3216-3
Reference
PMID:10529898
  Authors
Desvergne B, Wahli W.
  Title
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism.
  Journal
Endocr Rev 20:649-88 (1999)
DOI:10.1210/edrv.20.5.0380
Reference
PMID:15673477
  Authors
Savage DB.
  Title
PPARgamma as a metabolic regulator: insights from genomics and pharmacology.
  Journal
Expert Rev Mol Med 2005:1-16 (2005)
DOI:10.1017/S1462399405008793
Reference
PMID:16511590
  Authors
Semple RK, Chatterjee VK, O'Rahilly S.
  Title
PPAR gamma and human metabolic disease.
  Journal
J Clin Invest 116:581-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1172/JCI28003
Reference
PMID:16360030
  Authors
Lehrke M, Lazar MA.
  Title
The many faces of PPARgamma.
  Journal
Cell 123:993-9 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.026
Reference
PMID:11921433
  Authors
Hauner H.
  Title
The mode of action of thiazolidinediones.
  Journal
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 18 Suppl 2:S10-5 (2002)
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.249
Related
pathway
hsa00071  Fatty acid degradation
hsa00120  Primary bile acid biosynthesis
hsa00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
hsa04920  Adipocytokine signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko03320   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (76)   
   KEGG GENES (76)   
All databases (77)   

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