Entry
Name
Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells - Homo sapiens (human)
Description
Many pathogenic bacteria can invade phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and colonize them intracellularly, then become disseminated to other cells. Invasive bacteria induce their own uptake by non-phagocytic host cells (e.g. epithelial cells) using two mechanisms referred to as zipper model and trigger model. Listeria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Yersinia are examples of bacteria that enter using the zipper model. These bacteria express proteins on their surfaces that interact with cellular receptors, initiating signalling cascades that result in close apposition of the cellular membrane around the entering bacteria. Shigella and Salmonella are the examples of bacteria entering cells using the trigger model. These bacteria use type III secretion systems to inject protein effectors that interact with the actin cytoskeleton.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
hsa05100 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells
Ortholog table
Organism
Homo sapiens (human) [GN:
hsa ]
Gene
79658 ARHGAP10; Rho GTPase activating protein 10 [KO:K13736 ]
2549 GAB1; GRB2 associated binding protein 1 [KO:K09593 ]
5295 PIK3R1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649 ]
5296 PIK3R2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K02649 ]
8503 PIK3R3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K02649 ]
5290 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
5293 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
5291 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
1398 CRK; CRK proto-oncogene, adaptor protein [KO:K04438 ]
1399 CRKL; CRK like proto-oncogene, adaptor protein [KO:K04438 ]
1793 DOCK1; dedicator of cytokinesis 1 [KO:K13708 ]
998 CDC42; cell division cycle 42 [KO:K04393 ]
8976 WASL; WASP like actin nucleation promoting factor [KO:K23612 ]
10095 ARPC1B; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B [KO:K05757 ]
10552 ARPC1A; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A [KO:K05757 ]
10109 ARPC2; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [KO:K05758 ]
10094 ARPC3; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 [KO:K05756 ]
10093 ARPC4; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755 ]
10092 ARPC5; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 [KO:K05754 ]
81873 ARPC5L; actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 like [KO:K05754 ]
8218 CLTCL1; clathrin heavy chain like 1 [KO:K04646 ]
3059 HCLS1; hematopoietic cell-specific Lyn substrate 1 [KO:K06106 ]
9564 BCAR1; BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member [KO:K05726 ]
10459 MAD2L2; mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 2 [KO:K13728 ]
26084 ARHGEF26; Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26 [KO:K13744 ]
391 RHOG; ras homolog family member G [KO:K07863 ]
9844 ELMO1; engulfment and cell motility 1 [KO:K12366 ]
63916 ELMO2; engulfment and cell motility 2 [KO:K18985 ]
79767 ELMO3; engulfment and cell motility 3 [KO:K19241 ]
387 RHOA; ras homolog family member A [KO:K04513 ]
Reference
Authors
Mostowy S, Cossart P
Title
Cytoskeleton rearrangements during Listeria infection: clathrin and septins as new players in the game.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hauck CR, Ohlsen K
Title
Sticky connections: extracellular matrix protein recognition and integrin-mediated cellular invasion by Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang B, Li S, Dedhar S, Cleary PP
Title
Paxillin phosphorylation: bifurcation point downstream of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in streptococcal invasion.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Matsumoto H, Young GM
Title
Translocated effectors of Yersinia.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McGhie EJ, Brawn LC, Hume PJ, Humphreys D, Koronakis V
Title
Salmonella takes control: effector-driven manipulation of the host.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Iwai H, Kim M, Yoshikawa Y, Ashida H, Ogawa M, Fujita Y, Muller D, Kirikae T, Jackson PK, Kotani S, Sasakawa C
Title
A bacterial effector targets Mad2L2, an APC inhibitor, to modulate host cell cycling.
Journal
Related pathway
hsa04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway