KEGG PATHWAY: hsa05150

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Usage : dbname:identifier

PATHWAY: hsa05150

Entry

hsa05150                    Pathway

Name

Staphylococcus aureus infection - Homo sapiens (human)

Description

Staphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the effectiveness of the immune system: secreting immune modulating proteins that inhibit complement activation and neutrophil chemotaxis or lysis, modulating the sensitivity to cationic antimicrobial peptides (such as defensin) by increasing the positive net charge of its cytoplasmic membrane, and expression of superantigens that prevent development of a normal immune response or cause an emetic response when ingested.

Class

Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial

Pathway map

hsa05150

Staphylococcus aureus infection

Disease

H00330

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus (MRSA) infection

H00331

Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus (VRSA) infection

H01409

Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infection

Organism

Homo sapiens (human) [GN:hsa]

Gene

3857	KRT9; keratin 9 [KO:K07604]

3858	KRT10; keratin 10 [KO:K07604]

3859	KRT12; keratin 12 [KO:K07604]

3860	KRT13; keratin 13 [KO:K07604]

3861	KRT14; keratin 14 [KO:K07604]

3866	KRT15; keratin 15 [KO:K07604]

3868	KRT16; keratin 16 [KO:K07604]

3872	KRT17; keratin 17 [KO:K07604]

3875	KRT18; keratin 18 [KO:K07604]

3880	KRT19; keratin 19 [KO:K07604]

3881	KRT31; keratin 31 [KO:K07604]

3882	KRT32; keratin 32 [KO:K07604]

3883	KRT33A; keratin 33A [KO:K07604]

3884	KRT33B; keratin 33B [KO:K07604]

3885	KRT34; keratin 34 [KO:K07604]

3886	KRT35; keratin 35 [KO:K07604]

125115

KRT40; keratin 40 [KO:K07604]

390792

KRT39; keratin 39 [KO:K07604]

25984

KRT23; keratin 23 [KO:K07604]

147183

KRT25; keratin 25 [KO:K07604]

162605

KRT28; keratin 28 [KO:K07604]

192666

KRT24; keratin 24 [KO:K07604]

342574

KRT27; keratin 27 [KO:K07604]

54474

KRT20; keratin 20 [KO:K07604]

8687	KRT38; keratin 38 [KO:K07604]

8688	KRT37; keratin 37 [KO:K07604]

8689	KRT36; keratin 36 [KO:K07604]

100653049

keratin, type I cuticular Ha4 [KO:K07604]

353288

KRT26; keratin 26 [KO:K07604]

2266	FGG; fibrinogen gamma chain [KO:K03905]

718	C3; complement C3 [KO:K03990]

629	CFB; complement factor B [KO:K01335] [EC:3.4.21.47]

1675	CFD; complement factor D [KO:K01334] [EC:3.4.21.46]

3075	CFH; complement factor H [KO:K04004]

4153	MBL2; mannose binding lectin 2 [KO:K03991]

5648	MASP1; MBL associated serine protease 1 [KO:K03992] [EC:3.4.21.-]

10747

MASP2; MBL associated serine protease 2 [KO:K03993] [EC:3.4.21.104]

102723407

IGH; immunoglobulin heavy variable 4-38-2-like [KO:K06856]

712	C1QA; complement C1q A chain [KO:K03986]

713	C1QB; complement C1q B chain [KO:K03987]

714	C1QC; complement C1q C chain [KO:K03988]

715	C1R; complement C1r [KO:K01330] [EC:3.4.21.41]

716	C1S; complement C1s [KO:K01331] [EC:3.4.21.42]

717	C2; complement C2 [KO:K01332] [EC:3.4.21.43]

720	C4A; complement C4A (Chido/Rodgers blood group) [KO:K03989]

721	C4B; complement C4B (Chido/Rodgers blood group) [KO:K03989]

100293534

C4B_2; complement component 4B (Chido/Rodgers blood group), copy 2 [KO:K03989]

110384692

complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)-like [KO:K03989]

727	C5; complement C5 [KO:K03994]

719	C3AR1; complement C3a receptor 1 [KO:K04009]

728	C5AR1; complement C5a receptor 1 [KO:K04010]

2209	FCGR1A; Fc gamma receptor Ia [KO:K06498]

2212	FCGR2A; Fc gamma receptor IIa [KO:K06472]

2213	FCGR2B; Fc gamma receptor IIb [KO:K12560]

9103	FCGR2C; Fc gamma receptor IIc (gene/pseudogene) [KO:K16824]

2214	FCGR3A; Fc gamma receptor IIIa [KO:K06463]

2215	FCGR3B; Fc gamma receptor IIIb [KO:K06463]

2204	FCAR; Fc alpha receptor [KO:K06513]

2359	FPR3; formyl peptide receptor 3 [KO:K04173]

2358	FPR2; formyl peptide receptor 2 [KO:K04173]

2357	FPR1; formyl peptide receptor 1 [KO:K04172]

5340	PLG; plasminogen [KO:K01315] [EC:3.4.21.7]

3426	CFI; complement factor I [KO:K01333] [EC:3.4.21.45]

6404	SELPLG; selectin P ligand [KO:K06544]

6403	SELP; selectin P [KO:K06496]

3383	ICAM1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [KO:K06490]

3683	ITGAL; integrin subunit alpha L [KO:K05718]

3684	ITGAM; integrin subunit alpha M [KO:K06461]

3689	ITGB2; integrin subunit beta 2 [KO:K06464]

1672	DEFB1; defensin beta 1 [KO:K23125]

1673	DEFB4A; defensin beta 4A [KO:K21100]

100289462

DEFB4B; defensin beta 4B [KO:K21100]

124906748

beta-defensin 4A [KO:K21100]

414325

DEFB103A; defensin beta 103A [KO:K23126]

55894

DEFB103B; defensin beta 103B [KO:K23126]

124906744

beta-defensin 103A [KO:K23126]

1667	DEFA1; defensin alpha 1 [KO:K05230]

1668	DEFA3; defensin alpha 3 [KO:K05230]

1669	DEFA4; defensin alpha 4 [KO:K05230]

1670	DEFA5; defensin alpha 5 [KO:K05230]

1671	DEFA6; defensin alpha 6 [KO:K05230]

728358

DEFA1B; defensin alpha 1B [KO:K05230]

820	CAMP; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide [KO:K13916]

1828	DSG1; desmoglein 1 [KO:K07596]

3108	HLA-DMA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM alpha [KO:K06752]

3109	HLA-DMB; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta [KO:K06752]

3111	HLA-DOA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO alpha [KO:K06752]

3112	HLA-DOB; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO beta [KO:K06752]

3113	HLA-DPA1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 [KO:K06752]

3115	HLA-DPB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP beta 1 [KO:K06752]

3117	HLA-DQA1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 [KO:K06752]

3118	HLA-DQA2; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 2 [KO:K06752]

3119	HLA-DQB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1 [KO:K06752]

3122	HLA-DRA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha [KO:K06752]

3123	HLA-DRB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 [KO:K06752]

3125	HLA-DRB3; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 3 [KO:K06752]

3126	HLA-DRB4; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 [KO:K06752]

3127	HLA-DRB5; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 5 [KO:K06752]

5724	PTAFR; platelet activating factor receptor [KO:K04279]

3586	IL10; interleukin 10 [KO:K05443]

Compound

C11596

FMLP

C20898

Lipoteichoic acid

Reference

PMID:20178484

Authors

Foster TJ

Title

Colonization and infection of the human host by staphylococci: adhesion, survival and immune evasion.

Journal

Vet Dermatol 20:456-70 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00825.x

Reference

PMID:16322743

Authors

Foster TJ

Title

Immune evasion by staphylococci.

Journal

Nat Rev Microbiol 3:948-58 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro1289

Reference

PMID:20062962

Authors

Laarman A, Milder F, van Strijp J, Rooijakkers S

Title

Complement inhibition by gram-positive pathogens: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Journal

J Mol Med 88:115-20 (2010)
DOI:10.1007/s00109-009-0572-y

Reference

PMID:16242332

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Staphylococcal innate immune evasion.

Journal

Trends Microbiol 13:596-601 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2005.10.002

Reference

PMID:16679003

Authors

Iwatsuki K, Yamasaki O, Morizane S, Oono T

Title

Staphylococcal cutaneous infections: invasion, evasion and aggression.

Journal

J Dermatol Sci 42:203-14 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.03.011

Reference

PMID:11361034

Authors

Torres BA, Kominsky S, Perrin GQ, Hobeika AC, Johnson HM

Title

Superantigens: the good, the bad, and the ugly.

Journal

Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 226:164-76 (2001)
DOI:10.1177/153537020122600303

Reference

PMID:18061675

Authors

Atkins KL, Burman JD, Chamberlain ES, Cooper JE, Poutrel B, Bagby S, Jenkins AT, Feil EJ, van den Elsen JM

Title

S. aureus IgG-binding proteins SpA and Sbi: host specificity and mechanisms of immune complex formation.

Journal

Mol Immunol 45:1600-11 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.10.021

Reference

PMID:16724100

Authors

Silverman GJ, Goodyear CS

Title

Confounding B-cell defences: lessons from a staphylococcal superantigen.

Journal

Nat Rev Immunol 6:465-75 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nri1853

Reference

PMID:15273292

Authors

Goodyear CS, Silverman GJ

Title

Staphylococcal toxin induced preferential and prolonged in vivo deletion of innate-like B lymphocytes.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:11392-7 (2004)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0404382101

Reference

PMID:19112495

Authors

Haupt K, Reuter M, van den Elsen J, Burman J, Halbich S, Richter J, Skerka C, Zipfel PF

Title

The Staphylococcus aureus protein Sbi acts as a complement inhibitor and forms a tripartite complex with host complement Factor H and C3b.

Journal

PLoS Pathog 4:e1000250 (2008)
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000250

Reference

PMID:16111912

Authors

Bokarewa MI, Jin T, Tarkowski A

Title

Staphylococcus aureus: Staphylokinase.

Journal

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38:504-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.07.005

Reference

PMID:16086019

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, Ruyken M, Roos A, Daha MR, Presanis JS, Sim RB, van Wamel WJ, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Immune evasion by a staphylococcal complement inhibitor that acts on C3 convertases.

Journal

Nat Immunol 6:920-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/ni1235

Reference

PMID:19503103

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, Wu J, Ruyken M, van Domselaar R, Planken KL, Tzekou A, Ricklin D, Lambris JD, Janssen BJ, van Strijp JA, Gros P

Title

Structural and functional implications of the alternative complement pathway C3 convertase stabilized by a staphylococcal inhibitor.

Journal

Nat Immunol 10:721-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/ni.1756

Reference

PMID:17893203

Authors

Jongerius I, Kohl J, Pandey MK, Ruyken M, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, Rooijakkers SH

Title

Staphylococcal complement evasion by various convertase-blocking molecules.

Journal

J Exp Med 204:2461-71 (2007)
DOI:10.1084/jem.20070818

Reference

PMID:18544012

Authors

Hair PS, Ward MD, Semmes OJ, Foster TJ, Cunnion KM

Title

Staphylococcus aureus clumping factor A binds to complement regulator factor I and increases factor I cleavage of C3b.

Journal

J Infect Dis 198:125-33 (2008)
DOI:10.1086/588825

Reference

PMID:16640587

Authors

Higgins J, Loughman A, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, Foster TJ

Title

Clumping factor A of Staphylococcus aureus inhibits phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

Journal

FEMS Microbiol Lett 258:290-6 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00229.x

Reference

PMID:20133685

Authors

Laursen NS, Gordon N, Hermans S, Lorenz N, Jackson N, Wines B, Spillner E, Christensen JB, Jensen M, Fredslund F, Bjerre M, Sottrup-Jensen L, Fraser JD, Andersen GR

Title

Structural basis for inhibition of complement C5 by the SSL7 protein from Staphylococcus aureus.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:3681-6 (2010)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0910565107

Reference

PMID:17848512

Authors

Ramsland PA, Willoughby N, Trist HM, Farrugia W, Hogarth PM, Fraser JD, Wines BD

Title

Structural basis for evasion of IgA immunity by Staphylococcus aureus revealed in the complex of SSL7 with Fc of human IgA1.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:15051-6 (2007)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0706028104

Reference

PMID:14993252

Authors

de Haas CJ, Veldkamp KE, Peschel A, Weerkamp F, Van Wamel WJ, Heezius EC, Poppelier MJ, Van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterial antiinflammatory agent.

Journal

J Exp Med 199:687-95 (2004)
DOI:10.1084/jem.20031636

Reference

PMID:17114475

Authors

Prat C, Bestebroer J, de Haas CJ, van Strijp JA, van Kessel KP

Title

A new staphylococcal anti-inflammatory protein that antagonizes the formyl peptide receptor-like 1.

Journal

J Immunol 177:8017-26 (2006)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.8017

Reference

PMID:17132726

Authors

Bestebroer J, Poppelier MJ, Ulfman LH, Lenting PJ, Denis CV, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, de Haas CJ

Title

Staphylococcal superantigen-like 5 binds PSGL-1 and inhibits P-selectin-mediated neutrophil rolling.

Journal

Blood 109:2936-43 (2007)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2006-06-015461

Reference

PMID:18045383

Authors

Chung MC, Wines BD, Baker H, Langley RJ, Baker EN, Fraser JD

Title

The crystal structure of staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 11 in complex with sialyl Lewis X reveals the mechanism for cell binding and immune inhibition.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 66:1342-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05989.x

Reference

PMID:12091905

Authors

Chavakis T, Hussain M, Kanse SM, Peters G, Bretzel RG, Flock JI, Herrmann M, Preissner KT

Title

Staphylococcus aureus extracellular adherence protein serves as anti-inflammatory factor by inhibiting the recruitment of host leukocytes.

Journal

Nat Med 8:687-93 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nm728

Reference

PMID:17517597

Authors

Li M, Lai Y, Villaruz AE, Cha DJ, Sturdevant DE, Otto M

Title

Gram-positive three-component antimicrobial peptide-sensing system.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9469-74 (2007)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0702159104

Reference

PMID:15561843

Authors

Sieprawska-Lupa M, Mydel P, Krawczyk K, Wojcik K, Puklo M, Lupa B, Suder P, Silberring J, Reed M, Pohl J, Shafer W, McAleese F, Foster T, Travis J, Potempa J

Title

Degradation of human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by Staphylococcus aureus-derived proteinases.

Journal

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48:4673-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/AAC.48.12.4673-4679.2004

Reference

PMID:18837785

Authors

Fraser JD, Proft T

Title

The bacterial superantigen and superantigen-like proteins.

Journal

Immunol Rev 225:226-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00681.x

Reference

PMID:12228315

Authors

Yamaguchi T, Nishifuji K, Sasaki M, Fudaba Y, Aepfelbacher M, Takata T, Ohara M, Komatsuzawa H, Amagai M, Sugai M

Title

Identification of the Staphylococcus aureus etd pathogenicity island which encodes a novel exfoliative toxin, ETD, and EDIN-B.

Journal

Infect Immun 70:5835-45 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/IAI.70.10.5835-5845.2002

Reference

PMID:16710608

Authors

Pazgier M, Hoover DM, Yang D, Lu W, Lubkowski J

Title

Human beta-defensins.

Journal

Cell Mol Life Sci 63:1294-313 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-005-5540-2

Reference

PMID:16184199

Authors

Zhang Q, Mousdicas N, Yi Q, Al-Hassani M, Billings SD, Perkins SM, Howard KM, Ishii S, Shimizu T, Travers JB

Title

Staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid inhibits delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions via the platelet-activating factor receptor.

Journal

J Clin Invest 115:2855-61 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI25429

Reference

PMID:15372083

Authors

Lehrer RI

Title

Primate defensins.

Journal

Nat Rev Microbiol 2:727-38 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro976

Related
pathway

hsa04610

Complement and coagulation cascades

hsa04660

T cell receptor signaling pathway

hsa04662

B cell receptor signaling pathway

KO pathway

ko05150

All links

Disease (3)   
   KEGG DISEASE (3)   
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (100)   
   KEGG GENES (100)   
All databases (104)   

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