KEGG PATHWAY: ko04713

PATHWAY: ko04713

Entry

ko04713                     Pathway

Name

Circadian entrainment

Description

Circadian entrainment is a fundamental property by which the period of the internal biological clock is entrained by recurring exogenous signals, such that the organism's endocrine and behavioral rhythms are synchronized to environmental cues. In mammals, a master clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus and may synchronize circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues. Light signal is the dominant synchronizer for master SCN clock. Downstream from the retina, glutamate and PACAP are released and trigger the activation of signal transduction cascades, including CamKII and nNOS activity, cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Of non-photic entrainment, important phase shifting capabilities have been found for melatonin, which inhibits light-induced phase shifts through inhibition of adenylate cyclase (AC). Multiple entrainment pathways converge into CREB regulation. In turn, phosphorylated CREB activates clock gene expression.

Class

Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation

Pathway map

ko04713

Circadian entrainment

Other DBs

GO:

0009649

Orthology

K05208

glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1

K05209

glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A

K05210

glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B

K05211

glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C

K05212

glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D

K02183

calmodulin

K04515

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II [EC:2.7.11.17]

K13240

nitric-oxide synthase, brain [EC:1.14.13.39]

K04371

mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 [EC:2.7.11.24]

K04445

ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5 [EC:2.7.11.1]

K05870

cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1

K04958

inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1

K04960

inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 3

K04961

ryanodine receptor 1

K04962

ryanodine receptor 2

K04963

ryanodine receptor 3

K16513

carboxyl-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein

K07843

RAS, dexamethasone-induced Ras-related protein 1

K04630

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha

K04534

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha

K04536

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

K04537

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2

K07825

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3

K04538

guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4

K04539

guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5

K07826

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

K04540

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3

K04541

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4

K04542

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5

K04543

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7

K04544

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8

K04545

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10

K04546

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11

K04347

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12

K04547

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13

K04548

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1

K04549

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2

K05197

glutamate receptor 1

K05198

glutamate receptor 2

K05199

glutamate receptor 3

K05200

glutamate receptor 4

K04854

voltage-dependent calcium channel T type alpha-1G

K04855

voltage-dependent calcium channel T type alpha-1H

K04856

voltage-dependent calcium channel T type alpha-1I

K05262

pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide

K04587

pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor

K04632

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha

K08041

adenylate cyclase 1 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08042

adenylate cyclase 2 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08043

adenylate cyclase 3 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08044

adenylate cyclase 4 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08045

adenylate cyclase 5 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08046

adenylate cyclase 6 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08047

adenylate cyclase 7 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08048

adenylate cyclase 8 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K08049

adenylate cyclase 9 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K11265

adenylate cyclase 10 [EC:4.6.1.1]

K04345

protein kinase A [EC:2.7.11.11]

K12318

guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha [EC:4.6.1.2]

K12319

guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta [EC:4.6.1.2]

K07376

cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.12]

K19477

cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.12]

K04850

voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1C

K04851

voltage-dependent calcium channel L type alpha-1D

K04286

melatonin receptor type 1B

K04285

melatonin receptor type 1A

K04634

guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha

K05858

phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, beta [EC:3.1.4.11]

K02677

classical protein kinase C alpha type [EC:2.7.11.13]

K19662

classical protein kinase C beta type [EC:2.7.11.13]

K19663

classical protein kinase C gamma type [EC:2.7.11.13]

K04997

potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 3

K04999

potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 5

K05000

potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 6

K05002

potassium inwardly-rectifying channel subfamily J member 9

K21944

period circadian protein 1

K02633

period circadian protein 2

K21945

period circadian protein 3

K04379

proto-oncogene protein c-fos

Compound

C00025

L-Glutamate

C00076

Calcium cation

C00165

Diacylglycerol

C00238

Potassium cation

C00533

Nitric oxide

C00575

3',5'-Cyclic AMP

C00942

3',5'-Cyclic GMP

C01330

Sodium cation

C01598

Melatonin

Reference

PMID:17646042

Authors

Brown TM, Piggins HD

Title

Electrophysiology of the suprachiasmatic circadian clock.

Journal

Prog Neurobiol 82:229-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.05.002

Reference

PMID:19109992

Authors

Dickson L, Finlayson K

Title

VPAC and PAC receptors: From ligands to function.

Journal

Pharmacol Ther 121:294-316 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.11.006

Reference

PMID:20664079

Authors

Golombek DA, Rosenstein RE

Title

Physiology of circadian entrainment.

Journal

Physiol Rev 90:1063-102 (2010)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00009.2009

Reference

PMID:16217123

Authors

Dubocovich ML, Markowska M

Title

Functional MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors in mammals.

Journal

Endocrine 27:101-10 (2005)
DOI:10.1385/ENDO:27:2:101

Reference

PMID:20605968

Authors

Dubocovich ML, Delagrange P, Krause DN, Sugden D, Cardinali DP, Olcese J

Title

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXV. Nomenclature, classification, and pharmacology of G protein-coupled melatonin receptors.

Journal

Pharmacol Rev 62:343-80 (2010)
DOI:10.1124/pr.110.002832

Reference

PMID:19449447

Authors

Hardeland R

Title

Melatonin: signaling mechanisms of a pleiotropic agent.

Journal

Biofactors 35:183-92 (2009)
DOI:10.1002/biof.23

Reference

PMID:12700026

Authors

Golombek DA, Ferreyra GA, Agostino PV, Murad AD, Rubio MF, Pizzio GA, Katz ME, Marpegan L, Bekinschtein TA

Title

From light to genes: moving the hands of the circadian clock.

Journal

Front Biosci 8:s285-93 (2003)
DOI:10.2741/1038

Reference

PMID:17586087

Authors

Mertens I, Husson SJ, Janssen T, Lindemans M, Schoofs L

Title

PACAP and PDF signaling in the regulation of mammalian and insect circadian rhythms.

Journal

Peptides 28:1775-83 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2007.05.005

Reference

PMID:15813931

Authors

Kim DY, Choi HJ, Kim JS, Kim YS, Jeong DU, Shin HC, Kim MJ, Han HC, Hong SK, Kim YI

Title

Voltage-gated calcium channels play crucial roles in the glutamate-induced phase shifts of the rat suprachiasmatic circadian clock.

Journal

Eur J Neurosci 21:1215-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03950.x

Reference

PMID:15016477

Authors

Agostino PV, Ferreyra GA, Murad AD, Watanabe Y, Golombek DA

Title

Diurnal, circadian and photic regulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the hamster suprachiasmatic nuclei.

Journal

Neurochem Int 44:617-25 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuint.2003.09.005

Reference

PMID:11294753

Authors

Ferreyra GA, Golombek DA

Title

Rhythmicity of the cGMP-related signal transduction pathway in the mammalian circadian system.

Journal

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 280:R1348-55 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.5.R1348

Reference

PMID:15930378

Authors

Butcher GQ, Lee B, Cheng HY, Obrietan K

Title

Light stimulates MSK1 activation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus via a PACAP-ERK/MAP kinase-dependent mechanism.

Journal

J Neurosci 25:5305-13 (2005)
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4361-04.2005

Reference

PMID:10446325

Authors

Hamada T, Niki T, Ziging P, Sugiyama T, Watanabe S, Mikoshiba K, Ishida N

Title

Differential expression patterns of inositol trisphosphate receptor types 1 and 3 in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Journal

Brain Res 838:131-5 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01719-9

Reference

PMID:10208575

Authors

Diaz-Munoz M, Dent MA, Granados-Fuentes D, Hall AC, Hernandez-Cruz A, Harrington ME, Aguilar-Roblero R

Title

Circadian modulation of the ryanodine receptor type 2 in the SCN of rodents.

Journal

Neuroreport 10:481-6 (1999)
DOI:10.1097/00001756-199902250-00007

Reference

PMID:11086993

Authors

Fang M, Jaffrey SR, Sawa A, Ye K, Luo X, Snyder SH

Title

Dexras1: a G protein specifically coupled to neuronal nitric oxide synthase via CAPON.

Journal

Neuron 28:183-93 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00095-7

Reference

PMID:12573527

Authors

Takahashi H, Umeda N, Tsutsumi Y, Fukumura R, Ohkaze H, Sujino M, van der Horst G, Yasui A, Inouye ST, Fujimori A, Ohhata T, Araki R, Abe M

Title

Mouse dexamethasone-induced RAS protein 1 gene is expressed in a circadian rhythmic manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Journal

Brain Res Mol Brain Res 110:1-6 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00543-0

Reference

PMID:17167088

Authors

Cheng HY, Dziema H, Papp J, Mathur DP, Koletar M, Ralph MR, Penninger JM, Obrietan K

Title

The molecular gatekeeper Dexras1 sculpts the photic responsiveness of the mammalian circadian clock.

Journal

J Neurosci 26:12984-95 (2006)
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4253-06.2006

Related
pathway

ko04010

MAPK signaling pathway

ko04710

Circadian rhythm

All links

Gene (79)   
   KEGG ORTHOLOGY (79)   
All databases (79)   

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