KEGG   PATHWAY: dro05330
Entry
dro05330                    Pathway                                

Name
Allograft rejection - Desmodus rotundus (common vampire bat)
Description
Allograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of antigen presentation. In the direct pathway, recipient T cells react to intact allogeneic MHC molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. This pathway would activate host CD4 or CD8 T cells. In contrast, donor MHC molecules (and all other proteins) shed from the graft can be taken up by host APCs and presented to recipient T cells in the context of self-MHC molecules - the indirect pathway. Such presentation activates predominantly CD4 T cells. A direct cytotoxic T-cell attack on graft cells can be made only by T cells that recognize the graft MHC molecules directly. Nontheless, T cells with indirect allospecificity can contribute to graft rejection by activating macrophages, which cause tissue injury and fibrosis, and are also likely to be important in the development of an alloantibody response to graft.
Class
Human Diseases; Immune disease
Pathway map
dro05330  Allograft rejection
dro05330

Organism
Desmodus rotundus (common vampire bat) [GN:dro]
Gene
112297492  RLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain 11/11-like [KO:K06751]
112313872  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E-like [KO:K06751]
112313873  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-2 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112313875  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112313876  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, B-1 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112313879  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-39 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112313880  HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-15 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112314045  HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-36 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
112314059  saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
112314061  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
112314062  HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-48 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112314063  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112314064  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112302342  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112302447  H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112302469  patr class I histocompatibility antigen, A-126 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
112320475  CD80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 [KO:K05412]
112320646  CD86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 [KO:K05413]
112307972  CD28; T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 [KO:K06470]
112304655  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
112319648  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
112297049  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
112307358  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
112305296  PRF1; perforin-1 [KO:K07818]
112296490  granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
112296591  granzyme H-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
112302159  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
112302160  SLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ haplotype D alpha chain-like [KO:K06752]
112302240  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
112302328  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752]
112302354  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain [KO:K06752]
112312503  IL2; interleukin-2 [KO:K05429]
112307303  CD40LG; CD40 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K03161]
112304112  CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 [KO:K03160]
112319176  IFNG; interferon gamma [KO:K04687]
112302067  TNF; tumor necrosis factor isoform X1 [KO:K03156]
112318159  IL4; interleukin-4 [KO:K05430]
112318060  IL5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interleukin-5 [KO:K05428]
112315005  IL10; interleukin-10 [KO:K05443]
Compound
C00533  Nitric oxide
Reference
  Authors
Arakelov A, Lakkis FG.
  Title
The alloimmune response and effector mechanisms of allograft rejection.
  Journal
Semin Nephrol 20:95-102 (2000)
Reference
  Authors
Le Moine A, Goldman M, Abramowicz D.
  Title
Multiple pathways to allograft rejection.
  Journal
Transplantation 73:1373-81 (2002)
DOI:10.1097/00007890-200205150-00001
Reference
  Authors
Trivedi HL.
  Title
Immunobiology of rejection and adaptation.
  Journal
Transplant Proc 39:647-52 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.047
Reference
  Authors
Pietra BA.
  Title
Transplantation immunology 2003: simplified approach.
  Journal
Pediatr Clin North Am 50:1233-59 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0031-3955(03)00119-6
Reference
PMID:8835634
  Authors
Oka T, Yoshimura N.
  Title
Immunosuppression in organ transplantation.
  Journal
Jpn J Pharmacol 71:89-100 (1996)
DOI:10.1254/jjp.71.89
Reference
  Authors
Sayegh MH.
  Title
Why do we reject a graft? Role of indirect allorecognition in graft rejection.
  Journal
Kidney Int 56:1967-79 (1999)
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00751.x
Reference
  Authors
Benichou G.
  Title
Direct and indirect antigen recognition: the pathways to allograft immune rejection.
  Journal
Front Biosci 4:D476-80 (1999)
DOI:10.2741/benichou
Reference
  Authors
Turvey SE, Wood KJ.
  Title
Immunobiology of solid organ transplantation.
  Journal
Int Surg 84:279-90 (1999)
Reference
  Authors
Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ.
  Title
Immunobiology 6th edition
  Journal
Garland Science Publishing (2005)
Reference
  Authors
Game DS, Lechler RI.
  Title
Pathways of allorecognition: implications for transplantation tolerance.
  Journal
Transpl Immunol 10:101-8 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0966-3274(02)00055-2
Reference
  Authors
Lechler RI, Garden OA, Turka LA.
  Title
The complementary roles of deletion and regulation in transplantation tolerance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:147-58 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1002
Related
pathway
dro04210  Apoptosis
dro04514  Cell adhesion molecules
dro04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
dro04612  Antigen processing and presentation
dro04660  T cell receptor signaling pathway
dro04662  B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05330   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (39)   
   KEGG GENES (39)   
All databases (40)   

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