Entry
Name
Wnt signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
Description
Wnt proteins are secreted morphogens that are required for basic developmental processes, such as cell-fate specification, progenitor-cell proliferation and the control of asymmetric cell division, in many different species and organs. There are at least three different Wnt pathways: the canonical pathway, the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway and the Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. In the canonical Wnt pathway, the major effect of Wnt ligand binding to its receptor is the stabilization of cytoplasmic beta-catenin through inhibition of the bea-catenin degradation complex. Beta-catenin is then free to enter the nucleus and activate Wnt-regulated genes through its interaction with TCF (T-cell factor) family transcription factors and concomitant recruitment of coactivators. Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling leads to the activation of the small GTPases RHOA (RAS homologue gene-family member A) and RAC1, which activate the stress kinase JNK (Jun N-terminal kinase) and ROCK (RHO-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1) and leads to remodelling of the cytoskeleton and changes in cell adhesion and motility. WNT-Ca2+ signalling is mediated through G proteins and phospholipases and leads to transient increases in cytoplasmic free calcium that subsequently activate the kinase PKC (protein kinase C) and CAMKII (calcium calmodulin mediated kinase II) and the phosphatase calcineurin.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Network
Element
N00056 Wnt signaling pathway, Canonical pathway
N01427 WNT5A-ROR signaling pathway
N01440 Wnt signaling modulation, LGR/RSPO
N01441 Wnt signaling modulation, SOST/LRP4
N01442 Wnt signaling modulation, Wnt inhibitor
N01443 Wnt signaling modulation, Wnt acylation
N02010 Wnt signaling pathway, PCP pathway
Drug
D11323 Umbralisib tosylate (USAN)
D11453 Nirogacestat hydrobromide (USAN)
D12210 Ozuriftmab vedotin (USAN)
D12416 Petosemtamab (USAN/INN)
D13031 Varegacestat (USAN/INN)
Other DBs
Organism
Homo sapiens (human) [GN:
hsa ]
Gene
10297 APC2; adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 isoform 1 [KO:K02085 ]
11197 WIF1; wnt inhibitory factor 1 precursor [KO:K01691 ]
1460 CSNK2B; casein kinase II subunit beta isoform 1 [KO:K03115 ]
1501 CTNND2; catenin delta-2 isoform 1 [KO:K23491 ]
164284 APCDD1L; protein APCDD1-like isoform 1 precursor [KO:K25812 ]
1855 DVL1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform 1 [KO:K02353 ]
1856 DVL2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353 ]
1857 DVL3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 [KO:K02353 ]
1951 CELSR3; cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3 precursor [KO:K04602 ]
1952 CELSR2; cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2 precursor [KO:K04601 ]
22881 ANKRD6; ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 6 isoform a [KO:K21435 ]
22943 DKK1; dickkopf-related protein 1 precursor [KO:K02165 ]
23002 DAAM1; disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 isoform 1 [KO:K04512 ]
23236 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform a [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
23291 FBXW11; F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 11 isoform C [KO:K03362 ]
23500 DAAM2; disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 2 isoform 1 [KO:K04512 ]
2487 FRZB; secreted frizzled-related protein 3 precursor [KO:K25481 ]
25805 BAMBI; BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor homolog precursor [KO:K10162 ]
27101 CACYBP; calcyclin-binding protein isoform 1 [KO:K04507 ]
27121 DKK4; dickkopf-related protein 4 precursor [KO:K02165 ]
27123 DKK2; dickkopf-related protein 2 precursor [KO:K02165 ]
324 APC; adenomatous polyposis coli protein isoform b [KO:K02085 ]
387 RHOA; transforming protein RhoA isoform 1 precursor [KO:K04513 ]
4007 PRICKLE3; prickle planar cell polarity protein 3 isoform 1 [KO:K04511 ]
4040 LRP6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 isoform b precursor [KO:K03068 ]
4041 LRP5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K03068 ]
4088 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform 1 [KO:K23605 ]
4089 SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 isoform a [KO:K04501 ]
4163 MCC; colorectal mutant cancer protein isoform 2 [KO:K26734 ]
4609 MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein isoform 1 [KO:K04377 ]
4772 NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform F [KO:K04446 ]
4773 NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform C [KO:K17332 ]
4775 NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform 1 [KO:K17333 ]
4776 NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 isoform 2 [KO:K17334 ]
4919 ROR1; inactive tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR1 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05122 ] [EC:2.7.10.1 ]
4920 ROR2; tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR2 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05123 ] [EC:2.7.10.1 ]
51176 LEF1; lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 isoform 1 [KO:K04492 ]
51384 WNT16; protein Wnt-16 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K01558 ]
5176 SERPINF1; pigment epithelium-derived factor isoform 1 precursor [KO:K19614 ]
5330 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform 1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
5331 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform 1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
5332 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform b [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
5467 PPARD; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta isoform 1 [KO:K04504 ]
5530 PPP3CA; protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha isoform 1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
5532 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform b [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
5533 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform 2 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
5534 PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 [KO:K06268 ]
5535 PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268 ]
55366 LGR4; leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 4 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K04309 ]
5566 PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform Calpha1 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
5567 PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform 2 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
5663 PSEN1; presenilin-1 isoform I-467 [KO:K04505 ] [EC:3.4.23.-]
56998 CTNNBIP1; beta-catenin-interacting protein 1 [KO:K04493 ]
57680 CHD8; chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 8 isoform 1 [KO:K04494 ] [EC:5.6.2.-]
57805 CCAR2; cell cycle and apoptosis regulator protein 2 isoform 1 [KO:K25816 ]
5879 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform Rac1 [KO:K04392 ]
5880 RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860 ]
5881 RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform 1 [KO:K07861 ]
59352 LGR6; leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K08399 ]
595 CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503 ]
6422 SFRP1; secreted frizzled-related protein 1 precursor [KO:K02166 ]
6423 SFRP2; secreted frizzled-related protein 2 precursor [KO:K02176 ]
6424 SFRP4; secreted frizzled-related protein 4 precursor [KO:K02185 ]
6425 SFRP5; secreted frizzled-related protein 5 precursor [KO:K02222 ]
64840 PORCN; protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine isoform D [KO:K00181 ] [EC:2.3.1.250 ]
6500 SKP1; S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 isoform b [KO:K03094 ]
6885 MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform B [KO:K04427 ] [EC:2.7.11.25 ]
6907 TBL1X; F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1X isoform a [KO:K04508 ]
6932 TCF7; transcription factor 7 isoform 1 [KO:K02620 ]
6934 TCF7L2; transcription factor 7-like 2 isoform 17 [KO:K04491 ]
7088 TLE1; transducin-like enhancer protein 1 isoform 2 [KO:K04497 ]
7089 TLE2; transducin-like enhancer protein 2 isoform 1 [KO:K04497 ]
7090 TLE3; transducin-like enhancer protein 3 isoform a [KO:K04497 ]
7091 TLE4; transducin-like enhancer protein 4 isoform 3 [KO:K04497 ]
7157 TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a [KO:K04451 ]
7471 WNT1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 precursor [KO:K03209 ]
7473 WNT3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 precursor [KO:K00312 ]
7474 WNT5A; protein Wnt-5a isoform 1 precursor [KO:K00444 ]
7477 WNT7B; protein Wnt-7b isoform 2 precursor [KO:K00572 ]
7478 WNT8A; protein Wnt-8a isoform 3 precursor [KO:K00714 ]
7480 WNT10B; protein Wnt-10b precursor [KO:K01357 ]
7482 WNT2B; protein Wnt-2b isoform WNT-2B2 [KO:K00182 ]
7484 WNT9B; protein Wnt-9b isoform 1 precursor [KO:K01064 ]
79718 TBL1XR1; F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1XR1 isoform 1 [KO:K04508 ]
7976 FZD3; frizzled-3 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K02329 ]
79816 TLE6; transducin-like enhancer protein 6 isoform 1 [KO:K04497 ]
80319 CXXC4; CXXC-type zinc finger protein 4 [KO:K03344 ]
8061 FOSL1; fos-related antigen 1 isoform 1 [KO:K04502 ]
815 CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform 2 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
816 CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform 1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
817 CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform 3 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
818 CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform 7 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
81839 VANGL1; vang-like protein 1 isoform 1 [KO:K04510 ]
8323 FZD6; frizzled-6 isoform a precursor [KO:K02376 ]
83439 TCF7L1; transcription factor 7-like 1 [KO:K04490 ]
84445 LZTS2; leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 2 isoform a [KO:K26471 ]
85407 NKD1; protein naked cuticle homolog 1 [KO:K03213 ]
85409 NKD2; protein naked cuticle homolog 2 isoform 1 [KO:K03213 ]
8549 LGR5; leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K04308 ]
8840 CCN4; CCN family member 4 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K22471 ]
894 CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151 ]
8945 BTRC; F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A isoform 1 [KO:K03362 ]
896 CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform 2 [KO:K10152 ]
90665 TBL1Y; F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1Y [KO:K04508 ]
9620 CELSR1; cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 1 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K04600 ]
Compound
Reference
Authors
Hatsell S, Rowlands T, Hiremath M, Cowin P.
Title
Beta-catenin and Tcfs in mammary development and cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yang Y.
Title
Wnts and wing: Wnt signaling in vertebrate limb development and musculoskeletal morphogenesis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kalderon D.
Title
Similarities between the Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Nusse R.
Title
Wnts and Hedgehogs: lipid-modified proteins and similarities in signaling mechanisms at the cell surface.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jope RS, Johnson GV.
Title
The glamour and gloom of glycogen synthase kinase-3.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Veeman MT, Axelrod JD, Moon RT.
Title
A second canon. Functions and mechanisms of beta-catenin-independent Wnt signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sun TQ, Lu B, Feng JJ, Reinhard C, Jan YN, Fantl WJ, Williams LT.
Title
PAR-1 is a Dishevelled-associated kinase and a positive regulator of Wnt signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Saito-Diaz K, Chen TW, Wang X, Thorne CA, Wallace HA, Page-McCaw A, Lee E
Title
The way Wnt works: Components and mechanism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Carethers JM
Title
Intersection of transforming growth factor-beta and Wnt signaling pathways in colorectal cancer and metastasis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lin Z, Gao C, Ning Y, He X, Wu W, Chen YG
Title
The pseudoreceptor BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor positively modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Niehrs C
Title
The complex world of WNT receptor signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Abou Ziki MD, Mani A
Title
Wnt signaling, a novel pathway regulating blood pressure? State of the art review.
Journal
Reference
Authors
He Y, Ki H, Kim H, Kim K
Title
delta-Catenin interacts with LEF-1 and negatively regulates its transcriptional activity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Esaki N, Enomoto A, Takagishi M, Mizutani Y, Iida T, Ushida K, Shiraki Y, Mii S, Takahashi M
Title
The Daple-CK1epsilon complex regulates Dvl2 phosphorylation and canonical Wnt signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yiew NKH, Chatterjee TK, Tang YL, Pellenberg R, Stansfield BK, Bagi Z, Fulton DJ, Stepp DW, Chen W, Patel V, Kamath VM, Litwin SE, Hui DY, Rudich SM, Kim HW, Weintraub NL
Title
A novel role for the Wnt inhibitor APCDD1 in adipocyte differentiation: Implications for diet-induced obesity.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway