KEGG   PATHWAY: sma00270
Entry
sma00270                    Pathway                                
Name
Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Streptomyces avermitilis
Description
Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
sma00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
sma00270

Module
sma_M00035  Methionine degradation [PATH:sma00270]
sma_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:sma00270]
Other DBs
GO: 0006534 0006555
Organism
Streptomyces avermitilis [GN:sma]
Gene
SAVERM_1435  cysK1; cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta-synthase family [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]
SAVERM_4273  cysA; putative cystathionine/methionine gamma-synthase/lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
SAVERM_3510  cysM1; putative cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
SAVERM_5615  putative cysteine synthase (O-acetylserine sulfhydylase) [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
SAVERM_2111  mmuM; putative homocysteine S-methyltransferase (S-methylmethionine-dependent) [KO:K00547] [EC:2.1.1.10]
SAVERM_6667  metH; putative 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:homocysteine S-methyltransferase [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]
SAVERM_2046  metE; putative 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]
SAVERM_6874  metK; putative S-adenosylmethionine synthetase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]
SAVERM_4519  speE; putative spermidine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
SAVERM_6662  mtnK; putative 5-methylthioribose kinase [KO:K00899] [EC:2.7.1.100]
SAVERM_3679  mtaP; putative methylthioadenosine phosphorylase [KO:K00772] [EC:2.4.2.28]
SAVERM_6125  hypothetical protein [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]
SAVERM_5062  eif1; putative initiation factor eIF-2B alpha subunit [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]
SAVERM_6658  eif2; putative initiation factor eIF-2B alpha subunit [KO:K08963] [EC:5.3.1.23]
SAVERM_6659  fucA3; putative fuculose-1-phosphate aldolase [KO:K08964] [EC:4.2.1.109]
SAVERM_6660  masA; putative enolase-phosphatase E-1 [KO:K09880] [EC:3.1.3.77]
SAVERM_6661  putative oxidase [KO:K08967] [EC:1.13.11.53 1.13.11.54]
SAVERM_7062  mgl; putative methionine gamma lyase [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]
SAVERM_5536  savM2; putative type II restriction-modification system DNA cytosine-specific methylase [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]
SAVERM_5053  sahH; putative S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]
SAVERM_3009  putative 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase [KO:K01505] [EC:3.5.99.7]
SAVERM_4559  lysC; putative aspartate kinase [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
SAVERM_4560  asd1; putative aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
SAVERM_5397  asd2; putative aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
SAVERM_2918  thrA; putative homoserine dehydrogenase [KO:K00003] [EC:1.1.1.3]
SAVERM_3305  metB; putative cystathionine gamma-synthase [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]
SAVERM_6804  putative D-alanine aminotransferase [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
SAVERM_842  ilvE2; putative branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
SAVERM_2717  ilvE; putative branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]
SAVERM_7341  egtA; putative glutamate-cysteine ligase [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
SAVERM_4907  aspC1; putative aspartate aminotransferase [KO:K00812] [EC:2.6.1.1]
SAVERM_1336  sseC; putative thiosulfate sulfurtransferase [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
SAVERM_2412  sseB; putative thiosulfate sulfurtransferase [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
SAVERM_4037  sseA; putative thiosulfate sulfurtransferase [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]
SAVERM_339  ldhA; putative lactate dehydrogenase [KO:K00016] [EC:1.1.1.27]
SAVERM_1520  putative 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]
SAVERM_3436  mdh; putative malate/lactate dehydrogenase [KO:K00024] [EC:1.1.1.37]
SAVERM_2776  sdaA; putative L-serine dehydratase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]
SAVERM_2730  serA; putative D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
SAVERM_3883  serC; putative phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
Compound
C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
C00021  S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
C00022  Pyruvate
C00041  L-Alanine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00051  Glutathione
C00059  Sulfate
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00094  Sulfite
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00155  L-Homocysteine
C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00283  Hydrogen sulfide
C00409  Methanethiol
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00491  L-Cystine
C00506  L-Cysteate
C00606  3-Sulfino-L-alanine
C00793  D-Cysteine
C00957  Mercaptopyruvate
C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01077  O-Acetyl-L-homoserine
C01118  O-Succinyl-L-homoserine
C01137  S-Adenosylmethioninamine
C01180  4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid
C01234  1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
C01817  L-Homocystine
C01962  Thiocysteine
C02218  Dehydroalanine
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02356  (S)-2-Aminobutanoate
C02989  L-Methionine S-oxide
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03089  5-Methylthio-D-ribose
C03145  N-Formylmethionine
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03431  S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine
C03539  S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine
C04188  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate
C04582  S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate
C05324  Nicotianamine
C05524  Aminoacyl-L-methionine
C05526  S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine
C05527  3-Sulfinylpyruvate
C05528  3-Sulfopyruvate
C05823  3-Mercaptolactate
C05824  S-Sulfo-L-cysteine
C06547  Ethylene
C08276  3-(Methylthio)propanoate
C09306  Sulfur dioxide
C11437  1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
C11481  HSO3-
C11499  (S)-3-Sulfolactate
C11537  (2R)-3-Sulfolactate
C15606  1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one
C15650  2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate
C15651  2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C19787  5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine
C21015  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate
C21016  Ophthalmate
C22359  S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
Reference
PMID:15102328
  Authors
Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A
  Title
Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9
Reference
PMID:14551435
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.
  Title
A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.
  Journal
Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997
Reference
PMID:12022921
  Authors
Sekowska A, Danchin A.
  Title
The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8
Reference
PMID:12670965
  Authors
Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.
  Title
Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003
Reference
PMID:17169919
  Authors
Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD
  Title
Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.
  Journal
Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055
Reference
PMID:17030798
  Authors
Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S
  Title
Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103
Reference
PMID:18625006
  Authors
Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E
  Title
A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.
  Journal
FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x
Reference
PMID:18391471
  Authors
Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A
  Title
Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.
  Journal
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651
Reference
PMID:10613873
  Authors
Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D
  Title
Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?
  Journal
J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000
Reference
PMID:12644499
  Authors
Mino K, Ishikawa K
  Title
Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003
Reference
PMID:18520135
  Authors
Tanabe S
  Title
Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.
  Journal
Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:19270684
  Authors
Gutierrez JA, Crowder T, Rinaldo-Matthis A, Ho MC, Almo SC, Schramm VL
  Title
Transition state analogs of 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase disrupt quorum sensing.
  Journal
Nat Chem Biol 5:251-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nchembio.153
Related
pathway
sma00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
sma00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
sma00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
sma00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
sma00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
sma00480  Glutathione metabolism
sma00620  Pyruvate metabolism
sma00640  Propanoate metabolism
sma00770  Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
sma00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
sma00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00270   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (40)   
   KEGG GENES (40)   
All databases (41)   

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