KEGG   PATHWAY: uah05330
Entry
uah05330                    Pathway                                
Name
Allograft rejection - Ursus arctos horribilis (North American brown bear)
Description
Allograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of antigen presentation. In the direct pathway, recipient T cells react to intact allogeneic MHC molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. This pathway would activate host CD4 or CD8 T cells. In contrast, donor MHC molecules (and all other proteins) shed from the graft can be taken up by host APCs and presented to recipient T cells in the context of self-MHC molecules - the indirect pathway. Such presentation activates predominantly CD4 T cells. A direct cytotoxic T-cell attack on graft cells can be made only by T cells that recognize the graft MHC molecules directly. Nontheless, T cells with indirect allospecificity can contribute to graft rejection by activating macrophages, which cause tissue injury and fibrosis, and are also likely to be important in the development of an alloantibody response to graft.
Class
Human Diseases; Immune disease
Pathway map
uah05330  Allograft rejection
uah05330

Organism
Ursus arctos horribilis (North American brown bear) [GN:uah]
Gene
113249452  HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-11 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
113250163  saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
113264228  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-3 alpha chain [KO:K06751]
113243704  DLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A9/A9 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
113243706  HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751]
113243878  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-32 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
113261534  H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]
113265359  uncharacterized protein LOC113265359 [KO:K10785]
113251861  CD80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 [KO:K05412]
113252170  CD86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform X1 [KO:K05413]
113250560  CD28; T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 [KO:K06470]
113254130  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
113263879  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
113262825  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
113258968  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
113259145  PRF1; perforin-1 [KO:K07818]
113245994  granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
113243684  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]
113243685  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]
113243774  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain [KO:K06752]
113243775  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain [KO:K06752]
113243776  SLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ haplotype D alpha chain-like [KO:K06752]
113243777  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]
113243778  DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]
113243779  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
113243784  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
113243786  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]
113243788  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752]
113255635  IL2; interleukin-2 [KO:K05429]
113241871  CD40LG; CD40 ligand [KO:K03161]
113258674  CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03160]
113256304  IFNG; interferon gamma [KO:K04687]
113243711  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
113261716  IL4; interleukin-4 [KO:K05430]
113261714  IL5; interleukin-5 [KO:K05428]
113242596  IL10; interleukin-10 [KO:K05443]
113267145  uncharacterized protein LOC113267145 [KO:K06856]
Compound
C00533  Nitric oxide
Reference
PMID:10746853
  Authors
Arakelov A, Lakkis FG.
  Title
The alloimmune response and effector mechanisms of allograft rejection.
  Journal
Semin Nephrol 20:95-102 (2000)
Reference
PMID:12023610
  Authors
Le Moine A, Goldman M, Abramowicz D.
  Title
Multiple pathways to allograft rejection.
  Journal
Transplantation 73:1373-81 (2002)
DOI:10.1097/00007890-200205150-00001
Reference
PMID:17445565
  Authors
Trivedi HL.
  Title
Immunobiology of rejection and adaptation.
  Journal
Transplant Proc 39:647-52 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.047
Reference
PMID:14710779
  Authors
Pietra BA.
  Title
Transplantation immunology 2003: simplified approach.
  Journal
Pediatr Clin North Am 50:1233-59 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0031-3955(03)00119-6
Reference
PMID:8835634
  Authors
Oka T, Yoshimura N.
  Title
Immunosuppression in organ transplantation.
  Journal
Jpn J Pharmacol 71:89-100 (1996)
DOI:10.1254/jjp.71.89
Reference
PMID:10571983
  Authors
Sayegh MH.
  Title
Why do we reject a graft? Role of indirect allorecognition in graft rejection.
  Journal
Kidney Int 56:1967-79 (1999)
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00751.x
Reference
PMID:10331992
  Authors
Benichou G.
  Title
Direct and indirect antigen recognition: the pathways to allograft immune rejection.
  Journal
Front Biosci 4:D476-80 (1999)
DOI:10.2741/benichou
Reference
PMID:10667806
  Authors
Turvey SE, Wood KJ.
  Title
Immunobiology of solid organ transplantation.
  Journal
Int Surg 84:279-90 (1999)
Reference
  Authors
Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ.
  Title
Immunobiology 6th edition
  Journal
Garland Science Publishing (2005)
Reference
PMID:12216939
  Authors
Game DS, Lechler RI.
  Title
Pathways of allorecognition: implications for transplantation tolerance.
  Journal
Transpl Immunol 10:101-8 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0966-3274(02)00055-2
Reference
PMID:12563298
  Authors
Lechler RI, Garden OA, Turka LA.
  Title
The complementary roles of deletion and regulation in transplantation tolerance.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:147-58 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1002
Related
pathway
uah04210  Apoptosis
uah04514  Cell adhesion molecules
uah04610  Complement and coagulation cascades
uah04612  Antigen processing and presentation
uah04660  T cell receptor signaling pathway
uah04662  B cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05330   

  All links  
Genome (1)   
   KEGG GENOME (1)   
Gene (37)   
   KEGG GENES (37)   
All databases (38)   

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