KEGG PATHWAY: map04214

PATHWAY: map04214

Entry

map04214                    Pathway

Name

Apoptosis - fly

Description

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a critical factor in homeostasis in all multicellular organisms, playing a crucial role in removing excess unwanted cells without stimulation of an immune response. Caspases are the central components of the apoptotic response. In Drosophila, Dark promotes activation of the initiator caspase Dronc. Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (DIAP1) inhibits Dronc and the effector caspases Drice and Dcp-1. RHG family proteins such as Rpr, Hid, Grim, Sickle, and Jafrac-2 promote cell death, in part by disrupting DIAP1's ability to inhibit caspase activity. Proapoptotic proteins such as caspases and RHG proteins are regulated through multiple pathways. The Drosophila steroid hormone ecdysone mediates cell death by controling the up-regulation of a number of proapoptotic genes. Cytotoxic stress such as DNA damage can activate P53, which in turn induces the expression of RHG genes. Eiger can initiate cell death through an IAP-sensitive cell death pathway via JNK signaling. Hid, a member of the RHG family, is negatively regulated by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-dependent survival signaling and positively regulated by the tumor suppressors Hippo, Salvador, and Warts.

Class

Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death

Pathway map

map04214

Apoptosis - fly

Reference

PMID:16842034

Authors

Hay BA, Guo M

Title

Caspase-dependent cell death in Drosophila.

Journal

Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 22:623-50 (2006)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.012804.093845

Reference

PMID:15573123

Authors

Hay BA, Huh JR, Guo M

Title

The genetics of cell death: approaches, insights and opportunities in Drosophila.

Journal

Nat Rev Genet 5:911-22 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrg1491

Reference

PMID:15082313

Authors

Kumar S, Cakouros D

Title

Transcriptional control of the core cell-death machinery.

Journal

Trends Biochem Sci 29:193-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.tibs.2004.02.001

Reference

PMID:25991373

Authors

Fuchs Y, Steller H

Title

Live to die another way: modes of programmed cell death and the signals emanating from dying cells.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 16:329-44 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/nrm3999

Reference

PMID:25668151

Authors

Arya R, White K

Title

Cell death in development: Signaling pathways and core mechanisms.

Journal

Semin Cell Dev Biol 39:12-9 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.02.001

Reference

PMID:14744432

Authors

Danial NN, Korsmeyer SJ

Title

Cell death: critical control points.

Journal

Cell 116:205-19 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00046-7

Reference

PMID:12006672

Authors

Gorski S, Marra M

Title

Programmed cell death takes flight: genetic and genomic approaches to gene discovery in Drosophila.

Journal

Physiol Genomics 9:59-69 (2002)
DOI:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00114.2001

Reference

PMID:12072176

Authors

Richardson H, Kumar S

Title

Death to flies: Drosophila as a model system to study programmed cell death.

Journal

J Immunol Methods 265:21-38 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0022-1759(02)00068-6

Reference

PMID:21338340

Authors

Kuranaga E

Title

Caspase signaling in animal development.

Journal

Dev Growth Differ 53:137-48 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-169X.2010.01237.x

Reference

PMID:20978240

Authors

Bergmann A, Steller H

Title

Apoptosis, stem cells, and tissue regeneration.

Journal

Sci Signal 3:re8 (2010)
DOI:10.1126/scisignal.3145re8

Reference

PMID:15520809

Authors

Riedl SJ, Shi Y

Title

Molecular mechanisms of caspase regulation during apoptosis.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5:897-907 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1496

Reference

PMID:14996492

Authors

Igaki T, Miura M

Title

Role of Bcl-2 family members in invertebrates.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1644:73-81 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2003.09.007

Reference

PMID:26679112

Authors

Clavier A, Rincheval-Arnold A, Colin J, Mignotte B, Guenal I

Title

Apoptosis in Drosophila: which role for mitochondria?

Journal

Apoptosis 21:239-51 (2016)
DOI:10.1007/s10495-015-1209-y

Reference

PMID:20950655

Authors

Abdelwahid E, Rolland S, Teng X, Conradt B, Hardwick JM, White K

Title

Mitochondrial involvement in cell death of non-mammalian eukaryotes.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1813:597-607 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.10.008

Reference

PMID:25299777

Authors

Demay Y, Perochon J, Szuplewski S, Mignotte B, Gaumer S

Title

The PERK pathway independently triggers apoptosis and a Rac1/Slpr/JNK/Dilp8 signaling favoring tissue homeostasis in a chronic ER stress Drosophila model.

Journal

Cell Death Dis 5:e1452 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cddis.2014.403

Reference

PMID:15657059

Authors

Kilpatrick ZE, Cakouros D, Kumar S

Title

Ecdysone-mediated up-regulation of the effector caspase DRICE is required for hormone-dependent apoptosis in Drosophila cells.

Journal

J Biol Chem 280:11981-6 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M413971200

Reference

PMID:12070100

Authors

Yu SY, Yoo SJ, Yang L, Zapata C, Srinivasan A, Hay BA, Baker NE

Title

A pathway of signals regulating effector and initiator caspases in the developing Drosophila eye.

Journal

Development 129:3269-78 (2002)

Reference

PMID:10074440

Authors

McNeill H, Downward J

Title

Apoptosis: Ras to the rescue in the fly eye.

Journal

Curr Biol 9:R176-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80107-9

Reference

PMID:19223855

Authors

Narasimamurthy R, Geuking P, Ingold K, Willen L, Schneider P, Basler K

Title

Structure-function analysis of Eiger, the Drosophila TNF homolog.

Journal

Cell Res 19:392-4 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2009.16

Reference

PMID:23408884

Authors

Liu B, Behura SK, Clem RJ, Schneemann A, Becnel J, Severson DW, Zhou L

Title

P53-mediated rapid induction of apoptosis conveys resistance to viral infection in Drosophila melanogaster.

Journal

PLoS Pathog 9:e1003137 (2013)
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003137

Reference

PMID:12198495

Authors

Kuranaga E, Kanuka H, Igaki T, Sawamoto K, Ichijo H, Okano H, Miura M

Title

Reaper-mediated inhibition of DIAP1-induced DTRAF1 degradation results in activation of JNK in Drosophila.

Journal

Nat Cell Biol 4:705-10 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/ncb842

Reference

PMID:19330035

Authors

Creagh EM, Brumatti G, Sheridan C, Duriez PJ, Taylor RC, Cullen SP, Adrain C, Martin SJ

Title

Bicaudal is a conserved substrate for Drosophila and mammalian caspases and is essential for cell survival.

Journal

PLoS One 4:e5055 (2009)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0005055

Reference

PMID:19554451

Authors

Bilak A, Su TT

Title

Regulation of Drosophila melanogaster pro-apoptotic gene hid.

Journal

Apoptosis 14:943-9 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/s10495-009-0374-2

Related
pathway

map04391

Hippo signaling pathway - fly

KO pathway

ko04214

All links

Chemical substance (1)   
   KEGG COMPOUND (1)   
Gene (156700)   
   KEGG ORTHOLOGY (56)   
   RefGene (156644)   
Literature (23)   
   PubMed (23)   
All databases (156724)   

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