ID A0A2U9CKP2_SCOMX Unreviewed; 1269 AA.
AC A0A2U9CKP2;
DT 12-SEP-2018, integrated into UniProtKB/TrEMBL.
DT 12-SEP-2018, sequence version 1.
DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 29.
DE RecName: Full=Methionine synthase {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00012032, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
DE EC=2.1.1.13 {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00012032, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
DE AltName: Full=5-methyltetrahydrofolate--homocysteine methyltransferase {ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
GN Name=mtr {ECO:0000313|Ensembl:ENSSMAP00000037770.1};
GN ORFNames=SMAX5B_016696 {ECO:0000313|EMBL:AWP17164.1};
OS Scophthalmus maximus (Turbot) (Psetta maxima).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Neoteleostei; Acanthomorphata;
OC Carangaria; Pleuronectiformes; Pleuronectoidei; Scophthalmidae;
OC Scophthalmus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=52904 {ECO:0000313|EMBL:AWP17164.1, ECO:0000313|Proteomes:UP000246464};
RN [1] {ECO:0000313|EMBL:AWP17164.1, ECO:0000313|Proteomes:UP000246464}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RA Martinez P.;
RT "Integrating genomic resources of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in depth
RT evaluation of genetic and physical mapping variation across individuals.";
RL Submitted (DEC-2017) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [2] {ECO:0000313|Ensembl:ENSSMAP00000037770.1}
RP IDENTIFICATION.
RG Ensembl;
RL Submitted (SEP-2023) to UniProtKB.
CC -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from
CC methylcob(III)alamin (MeCbl) to homocysteine, yielding enzyme-bound
CC cob(I)alamin and methionine in the cytosol. MeCbl is an active form of
CC cobalamin (vitamin B12) used as a cofactor for methionine biosynthesis.
CC Cob(I)alamin form is regenerated to MeCbl by a transfer of a methyl
CC group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. The processing of cobalamin in the
CC cytosol occurs in a multiprotein complex composed of at least MMACHC,
CC MMADHC, MTRR (methionine synthase reductase) and MTR which may
CC contribute to shuttle safely and efficiently cobalamin towards MTR in
CC order to produce methionine. {ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=(6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-homocysteine =
CC (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-methionine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11172,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:18608, ChEBI:CHEBI:57453, ChEBI:CHEBI:57844,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58199; EC=2.1.1.13;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=Zn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29105;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00001947,
CC ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381, ECO:0000256|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=methylcob(III)alamin; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:28115;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00001956,
CC ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381, ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-1};
CC -!- PATHWAY: Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo
CC pathway; L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetH route): step 1/1.
CC {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00005178, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: Modular enzyme with four functionally distinct domains. The
CC isolated Hcy-binding domain catalyzes methyl transfer from free
CC methylcobalamin to homocysteine. The Hcy-binding domain in association
CC with the pterin-binding domain catalyzes the methylation of
CC cob(I)alamin by methyltetrahydrofolate and the methylation of
CC homocysteine. The B12-binding domain binds the cofactor. The AdoMet
CC activation domain binds S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Under aerobic
CC conditions cob(I)alamin can be converted to inactive cob(II)alamin.
CC Reductive methylation by S-adenosyl-L-methionine and flavodoxin
CC regenerates methylcobalamin. {ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the vitamin-B12 dependent methionine synthase
CC family. {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00010398}.
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DR EMBL; CP026260; AWP17164.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR STRING; 52904.ENSSMAP00000032515; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSSMAT00000079973.1; ENSSMAP00000037770.1; ENSSMAG00000019867.2.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00420000029824; -.
DR OrthoDB; 66796at2759; -.
DR UniPathway; UPA00051; UER00081.
DR Proteomes; UP000246464; Chromosome 18.
DR Proteomes; UP000694558; Chromosome 18.
DR Bgee; ENSSMAG00000019867; Expressed in liver and 6 other cell types or tissues.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0031419; F:cobalamin binding; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0008705; F:methionine synthase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0008270; F:zinc ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0032259; P:methylation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0042558; P:pteridine-containing compound metabolic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR CDD; cd02069; methionine_synthase_B12_BD; 1.
DR CDD; cd00740; MeTr; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.50.280; Cobalamin-binding domain; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.288.10; Cobalamin-dependent Methionine Synthase, domain 2; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.20.20.20; Dihydropteroate synthase-like; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.20.20.330; Homocysteine-binding-like domain; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.1240.10; Methionine synthase domain; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.10.196.10; Vitamin B12-dependent methionine synthase, activation domain; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR003759; Cbl-bd_cap.
DR InterPro; IPR006158; Cobalamin-bd.
DR InterPro; IPR036724; Cobalamin-bd_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR011005; Dihydropteroate_synth-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR003726; HCY_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036589; HCY_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR033706; Met_synthase_B12-bd.
DR InterPro; IPR011822; MetH.
DR InterPro; IPR036594; Meth_synthase_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR000489; Pterin-binding_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR004223; VitB12-dep_Met_synth_activ_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR037010; VitB12-dep_Met_synth_activ_sf.
DR NCBIfam; TIGR02082; metH; 1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR45833; METHIONINE SYNTHASE; 1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR45833:SF1; METHIONINE SYNTHASE; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02310; B12-binding; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02607; B12-binding_2; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02965; Met_synt_B12; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00809; Pterin_bind; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02574; S-methyl_trans; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF000381; MetH; 1.
DR SMART; SM01018; B12-binding_2; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF52242; Cobalamin (vitamin B12)-binding domain; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF51717; Dihydropteroate synthetase-like; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF82282; Homocysteine S-methyltransferase; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF56507; Methionine synthase activation domain-like; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47644; Methionine synthase domain; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50974; ADOMET_ACTIVATION; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51332; B12_BINDING; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51337; B12_BINDING_NTER; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50970; HCY; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50972; PTERIN_BINDING; 1.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Amino-acid biosynthesis {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022605,
KW ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Cobalamin {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022628, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Cobalt {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00023285, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Cytoplasm {ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Metal-binding {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022723,
KW ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Methionine biosynthesis {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00023167,
KW ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Methyltransferase {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022603,
KW ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Reference proteome {ECO:0000313|Proteomes:UP000246464};
KW Repeat {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022737};
KW S-adenosyl-L-methionine {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022691,
KW ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Transferase {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022679, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381};
KW Zinc {ECO:0000256|ARBA:ARBA00022833, ECO:0000256|PIRNR:PIRNR000381}.
FT DOMAIN 21..340
FT /note="Hcy-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000259|PROSITE:PS50970"
FT DOMAIN 373..632
FT /note="Pterin-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000259|PROSITE:PS50972"
FT DOMAIN 664..761
FT /note="B12-binding N-terminal"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000259|PROSITE:PS51337"
FT DOMAIN 774..909
FT /note="B12-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000259|PROSITE:PS51332"
FT DOMAIN 925..1268
FT /note="AdoMet activation"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000259|PROSITE:PS50974"
FT BINDING 262
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-1,
FT ECO:0000256|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333"
FT BINDING 325
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-1,
FT ECO:0000256|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333"
FT BINDING 326
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-1,
FT ECO:0000256|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333"
FT BINDING 711
FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 784..788
FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 787
FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115"
FT /ligand_part="Co"
FT /ligand_part_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:27638"
FT /note="axial binding residue"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-1"
FT BINDING 832
FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 836
FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 888
FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 976
FT /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 1175
FT /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
FT BINDING 1230..1231
FT /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|PIRSR:PIRSR000381-2"
SQ SEQUENCE 1269 AA; 140199 MW; 0E1C84A5B902BACA CRC64;
MGPTNVLHEF ASEAGCGCPL ESELRTILQQ RIMVLDGGMG TMIQQHKLEE EDFRGDELKD
HPLPLKGNND LLSITQPDII CKIHREYLRA GADIIETNTF SSTSIAQADY GLEHMAYRLN
KVSAGLARRA ADDVTKQTGC KRYVAGAVGP TNKTLSVSPS VERPDFRNIT FDELVEAYTE
QVRGLLDGGA DILLVETVFD TANAKAALFA IDLLFEKSYE RKPIFISGTI VDRSGRTLSG
QTGEAFVVSV SHAKPLCIGL NCALGATEMR PFIEAIGKST TAFIICYPNA GLPNTFGGYD
ETPEVTASSL KDFARGGLVN IVGGCCGTTP EHIRAISEAV RHCQPRAPAA DIYQDYLLLA
GLEPFKIGPY TNFVNIGERC NVAGSRKFAK LIMAGNYEEA LSIAKAQVEM GAQVLDINMD
EGMLEGPTAM ARFCNFIASE PDISRVPLCI DSSNFSVIEA GLKCCQGKCI VNSISLKEGE
EEFLLRAATV KRYGAAVVVM AFDEEGQATD TERKVEICSR AYKLLVSKVG FDPNDIIFDP
NVLTIGTGME EHNNYAVNFI SATKLIKETL PRARVSGGLS NLSFSFRGME AIREAMHGAF
LYHAIKDGMD MGIVNAGNLP VYDDIDEELL LMCENLIWNR DIDATEKLLS YAQNYVKGGK
KVVQTDEWRE GSVEERLEYA LIKGIEKYVV EDVEECRVQV DRYTRPLRII EGPLMNGMKA
VGDLFGAGKM FLPQVIKSAR VMKKAVGHLI PFMEKEREEM MALSGSTEEM DPYQGTIVLA
TVKGDVHDIG KNIVGVVLGC NNFRVIDLGV MVPCDKILRE AITKKADIIG LSGLITPSLD
EMIYVAKEME RLGMTTPLLI GGATTSKTHT AVKIAPRYSC PAVHVLDASR SVVVCSQLLD
ETVREEYFDD LKEEYEEIRQ EHYDSLKDRR YLSLSQARDK ALRIDWPSLP TPVRPQFLGT
RVFECYDLNS LLDYIDWKPF FDVWQLRGKY PNRGYPKIFN DKTVGSEARR VFDDAQQLLN
HMIDSSSLKG RGLVGFWHAQ SDGDDINIYE GDATVHRDTK PIATFHGLRQ QVEKDSSSSE
PFSCVSDFVA PVDSGVADYI GVFAVGVFGA DELSQQFQAQ GDDYNSIMVK ALADRLAEAF
AEELHVRVRK ELWGYCADEA LQASDLHRVR YQGIRPAAGY PSQPDHTEKT TMWSLAGIQD
KTGICLTESM AMTPAASVSG LYFSNPQASY FAVGKITKEQ VVDYARRKGM SVEEVERWLA
PILGYDCEA
//
