ID AP2S1_RAT Reviewed; 142 AA.
AC P62744; P70626; P97626; Q00380;
DT 16-AUG-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 16-AUG-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 24-JAN-2024, entry version 136.
DE RecName: Full=AP-2 complex subunit sigma;
DE AltName: Full=Adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit sigma;
DE AltName: Full=Adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit sigma;
DE AltName: Full=Clathrin assembly protein 2 sigma small chain;
DE AltName: Full=Clathrin coat assembly protein AP17;
DE AltName: Full=Clathrin coat-associated protein AP17;
DE AltName: Full=Plasma membrane adaptor AP-2 17 kDa protein;
DE AltName: Full=Sigma-adaptin 3b;
DE AltName: Full=Sigma2-adaptin;
GN Name=Ap2s1; Synonyms=Ap17, Claps2;
OS Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC Murinae; Rattus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Brain;
RX PubMed=2040623; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99141-6;
RA Kirchhausen T., Davis A.C., Frucht S., O'Brine Greco B., Payne G.S.,
RA Tubb B.;
RT "AP17 and AP19, the mammalian small chains of the clathrin-associated
RT protein complexes show homology to Yap17p, their putative homolog in
RT yeast.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 266:11153-11157(1991).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Wistar Kyoto;
RX PubMed=10559001; DOI=10.1161/01.atv.19.11.2600;
RA Adams L.D., Lemire J.M., Schwartz S.M.;
RT "A systematic analysis of 40 random genes in cultured vascular smooth
RT muscle subtypes reveals a heterogeneity of gene expression and identifies
RT the tight junction gene zonula occludens 2 as a marker of epithelioid 'pup'
RT smooth muscle cells and a participant in carotid neointimal formation.";
RL Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 19:2600-2608(1999).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Spleen;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION OF THE AP-2 COMPLEX IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.
RX PubMed=14745134; DOI=10.1247/csf.28.419;
RA Nakatsu F., Ohno H.;
RT "Adaptor protein complexes as the key regulators of protein sorting in the
RT post-Golgi network.";
RL Cell Struct. Funct. 28:419-429(2003).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION OF THE AP-2 COMPLEX IN CLATHRIN-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS.
RX PubMed=15473838; DOI=10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.104543;
RA Owen D.J., Collins B.M., Evans P.R.;
RT "Adaptors for clathrin coats: structure and function.";
RL Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 20:153-191(2004).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor
CC protein complexes function in protein Transport via Transport vesicles
CC in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are
CC vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection
CC and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent
CC endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles
CC surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are
CC destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice
CC serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly
CC to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP)
CC complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to
CC the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the
CC major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also
CC serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins
CC involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in
CC the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic
CC surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-
CC [LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of
CC transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining
CC normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-
CC clathrin pathway. The AP-2 alpha and AP-2 sigma subunits are thought to
CC contribute to the recognition of the [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] motif. May also
CC play a role in extracellular calcium homeostasis (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14745134,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15473838}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed
CC of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit AP2A1 or AP2A2 and beta-type
CC subunit AP2B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP2M1) and a small
CC adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP2S1). Interacts with CCDC32; the
CC interaction is direct and mediates association of CCDC32 with adaptor
CC protein complex 2 (AP-2). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53680}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P63010}.
CC Membrane, coated pit {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53680}; Peripheral
CC membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53680}; Cytoplasmic side
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53680}. Note=AP-2 appears to be excluded from
CC internalizing CCVs and to disengage from sites of endocytosis seconds
CC before internalization of the nascent CCV.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P63010}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; M37194; AAA40742.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; U75917; AAB46980.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC088138; AAH88138.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; B40535; B40535.
DR RefSeq; NP_075241.2; NM_022952.2.
DR PDB; 4NEE; X-ray; 2.88 A; D/F/I/L=1-142.
DR PDB; 6OWO; EM; 3.20 A; S=1-142.
DR PDB; 6OWT; EM; 3.80 A; S=1-142.
DR PDB; 6OXL; EM; 3.50 A; S=1-142.
DR PDBsum; 4NEE; -.
DR PDBsum; 6OWO; -.
DR PDBsum; 6OWT; -.
DR PDBsum; 6OXL; -.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P62744; -.
DR EMDB; EMD-16803; -.
DR EMDB; EMD-16804; -.
DR EMDB; EMD-20215; -.
DR EMDB; EMD-20217; -.
DR EMDB; EMD-20220; -.
DR EMDB; EMD-29977; -.
DR SMR; P62744; -.
DR BioGRID; 249239; 1.
DR IntAct; P62744; 5.
DR MINT; P62744; -.
DR STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000021310; -.
DR BindingDB; P62744; -.
DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL1697667; -.
DR DrugCentral; P62744; -.
DR iPTMnet; P62744; -.
DR PhosphoSitePlus; P62744; -.
DR jPOST; P62744; -.
DR PaxDb; 10116-ENSRNOP00000021310; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00000119694.1; ENSRNOP00000083093.1; ENSRNOG00000015865.6.
DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00055053545; ENSRNOP00055044270; ENSRNOG00055030844.
DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00060037498; ENSRNOP00060030903; ENSRNOG00060021554.
DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00065054781; ENSRNOP00065045047; ENSRNOG00065031779.
DR GeneID; 65046; -.
DR KEGG; rno:65046; -.
DR UCSC; RGD:620188; rat.
DR AGR; RGD:620188; -.
DR CTD; 1175; -.
DR RGD; 620188; Ap2s1.
DR eggNOG; KOG0935; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00970000193421; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_061221_3_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P62744; -.
DR OrthoDB; 998051at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P62744; -.
DR TreeFam; TF300139; -.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-177504; Retrograde neurotrophin signalling.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-2132295; MHC class II antigen presentation.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-416993; Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-437239; Recycling pathway of L1.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-5099900; WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD4.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-5140745; WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD2, FZD5 and ROR2.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-8856825; Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-8856828; Clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-8866427; VLDLR internalisation and degradation.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-8964038; LDL clearance.
DR PRO; PR:P62744; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000002494; Chromosome 1.
DR Bgee; ENSRNOG00000015865; Expressed in frontal cortex and 20 other cell types or tissues.
DR Genevisible; P62744; RN.
DR GO; GO:0030122; C:AP-2 adaptor complex; IDA:MGI.
DR GO; GO:0098894; C:extrinsic component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane; IDA:SynGO.
DR GO; GO:0098978; C:glutamatergic synapse; IDA:SynGO.
DR GO; GO:0043231; C:intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; TAS:Reactome.
DR GO; GO:0098794; C:postsynapse; IEA:GOC.
DR GO; GO:0045202; C:synapse; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0035615; F:clathrin adaptor activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0072583; P:clathrin-dependent endocytosis; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0006886; P:intracellular protein transport; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0098884; P:postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization; IDA:SynGO.
DR GO; GO:0048488; P:synaptic vesicle endocytosis; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0016192; P:vesicle-mediated transport; IBA:GO_Central.
DR CDD; cd14833; AP2_sigma; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.450.60; -; 1.
DR IDEAL; IID50215; -.
DR InterPro; IPR016635; AP_complex_ssu.
DR InterPro; IPR022775; AP_mu_sigma_su.
DR InterPro; IPR027156; APS2.
DR InterPro; IPR000804; Clathrin_sm-chain_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR011012; Longin-like_dom_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11753; ADAPTOR COMPLEXES SMALL SUBUNIT FAMILY; 1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11753:SF6; AP-2 COMPLEX SUBUNIT SIGMA; 1.
DR Pfam; PF01217; Clat_adaptor_s; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF015588; AP_complex_sigma; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF64356; SNARE-like; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00989; CLAT_ADAPTOR_S; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Cell membrane; Coated pit; Endocytosis; Membrane;
KW Phosphoprotein; Protein transport; Reference proteome; Transport.
FT CHAIN 1..142
FT /note="AP-2 complex subunit sigma"
FT /id="PRO_0000193807"
FT MOD_RES 140
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53680"
FT CONFLICT 83
FT /note="A -> G (in Ref. 2; AAB46980)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 109..110
FT /note="KV -> RF (in Ref. 2; AAB46980)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 117
FT /note="M -> I (in Ref. 2; AAB46980)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 126
FT /note="T -> R (in Ref. 2; AAB46980)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT STRAND 2..9
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT STRAND 14..21
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT HELIX 25..41
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT STRAND 44..46
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT STRAND 48..51
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT STRAND 53..62
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT STRAND 65..72
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT HELIX 77..95
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT HELIX 100..105
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT HELIX 107..117
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
FT HELIX 128..140
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4NEE"
SQ SEQUENCE 142 AA; 17018 MW; CA3FD868C65AEDF6 CRC64;
MIRFILIQNR AGKTRLAKWY MQFDDDEKQK LIEEVHAVVT VRDAKHTNFV EFRNFKIIYR
RYAGLYFCIC VDVNDNNLAY LEAIHNFVEV LNEYFHNVCE LDLVFNFYKV YTVVDEMFLA
GEIRETSQTK VLKQLLMLQS LE
//
