ID IL2_BOVIN Reviewed; 155 AA.
AC P05016; A0MZP6; A9QWQ6; Q5QT38; Q8HYR7;
DT 13-AUG-1987, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 13-AUG-1987, sequence version 1.
DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 147.
DE RecName: Full=Interleukin-2;
DE Short=IL-2;
DE AltName: Full=T-cell growth factor;
DE Short=TCGF;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=IL2; Synonyms=IL-2;
OS Bos taurus (Bovine).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae;
OC Bovinae; Bos.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9913;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX PubMed=3517854; DOI=10.1073/pnas.83.10.3223;
RA Cerretti D.P., McKereghan K., Larsen A., Cantrell M.A., Anderson D.,
RA Gillis S., Cosman D., Baker P.E.;
RT "Cloning, sequence, and expression of bovine interleukin 2.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:3223-3227(1986).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX PubMed=3486415; DOI=10.1073/pnas.83.10.3228;
RA Reeves R., Spies A.G., Nissen M.S., Buck C.D., Weinberg A.D., Barr P.J.,
RA Magnuson N.S., Magnuson J.A.;
RT "Molecular cloning of a functional bovine interleukin 2 cDNA.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:3228-3232(1986).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=15869801; DOI=10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.03.009;
RA Luhken G., Stamm I., Menge C., Erhardt G.;
RT "Functional analysis of a single nucleotide polymorphism in a potential
RT binding site for GATA transcription factors in the ovine interleukin 2
RT gene.";
RL Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 107:51-56(2005).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RA Ahn J.;
RL Submitted (FEB-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RA Luehken G., Erhardt G.;
RT "Molecular characterization of Bos taurus IL2.";
RL Submitted (OCT-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Belted Galloway; TISSUE=Peripheral blood;
RG U.S. Veterinary Immune Reagent Network;
RA Hudgens T., Tompkins D., Baldwin C.L.;
RT "U.S. veterinary immune reagent network: expressed bovine gene sequences.";
RL Submitted (NOV-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-22.
RC TISSUE=Thymus;
RA Anikeeva N.N., Vinogradova T.V., Votoshin O.N.;
RL Submitted (DEC-1989) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC -!- FUNCTION: Cytokine produced by activated CD4-positive helper T-cells
CC and to a lesser extend activated CD8-positive T-cells and natural
CC killer (NK) cells that plays pivotal roles in the immune response and
CC tolerance. Binds to a receptor complex composed of either the high-
CC affinity trimeric IL-2R (IL2RA/CD25, IL2RB/CD122 and IL2RG/CD132) or
CC the low-affinity dimeric IL-2R (IL2RB and IL2RG). Interaction with the
CC receptor leads to oligomerization and conformation changes in the IL-2R
CC subunits resulting in downstream signaling starting with
CC phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3. In turn, JAK1 and JAK3 phosphorylate
CC the receptor to form a docking site leading to the phosphorylation of
CC several substrates including STAT5. This process leads to activation of
CC several pathways including STAT, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/PI3K and
CC mitogen-activated protein kinase/MAPK pathways. Functions as a T-cell
CC growth factor and can increase NK-cell cytolytic activity as well.
CC Promotes strong proliferation of activated B-cells and subsequently
CC immunoglobulin production. Plays a pivotal role in regulating the
CC adaptive immune system by controlling the survival and proliferation of
CC regulatory T-cells, which are required for the maintenance of immune
CC tolerance. Moreover, participates in the differentiation and
CC homeostasis of effector T-cell subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17 as
CC well as memory CD8-positive T-cells. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60568}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-2 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAA21143.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; M12791; AAA30586.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; M13204; AAA21143.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF535144; AAQ10670.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF348423; AAN76508.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; EF056472; ABK41607.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EU276068; ABX72066.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; X52687; CAA36912.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; X17201; CAA35062.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; I45913; I45913.
DR RefSeq; NP_851340.2; NM_180997.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P05016; -.
DR SMR; P05016; -.
DR STRING; 9913.ENSBTAP00000027819; -.
DR GlyCosmos; P05016; 1 site, No reported glycans.
DR PaxDb; 9913-ENSBTAP00000027819; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSBTAT00000027819.5; ENSBTAP00000027819.5; ENSBTAG00000020883.5.
DR GeneID; 280822; -.
DR KEGG; bta:280822; -.
DR CTD; 3558; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSBTAG00000020883; -.
DR VGNC; VGNC:30137; IL2.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502RVR5; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000003555; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_124210_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P05016; -.
DR OMA; NGVNNYE; -.
DR OrthoDB; 5263670at2759; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000009136; Chromosome 17.
DR Bgee; ENSBTAG00000020883; Expressed in abdominal lymph node and 28 other cell types or tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P05016; baseline.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005134; F:interleukin-2 receptor binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002250; P:adaptive immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0038110; P:interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002366; P:leukocyte activation involved in immune response; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002903; P:negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0042104; P:positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030890; P:positive regulation of B cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002639; P:positive regulation of immunoglobulin production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0032740; P:positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:1900100; P:positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0042531; P:positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; IEA:Ensembl.
DR Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR InterPro; IPR000779; IL-2.
DR InterPro; IPR030477; IL-2_CS.
DR PANTHER; PTHR48399; INTERLEUKIN-2; 1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR48399:SF1; INTERLEUKIN-2; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00715; IL2; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00265; INTERLEUKIN2.
DR SMART; SM00189; IL2; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47266; 4-helical cytokines; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00424; INTERLEUKIN_2; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Adaptive immunity; Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Growth factor;
KW Immunity; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..20
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CHAIN 21..155
FT /note="Interleukin-2"
FT /id="PRO_0000015474"
FT CARBOHYD 23
FT /note="O-linked (GalNAc...) threonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 79..127
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CONFLICT 66
FT /note="V -> A (in Ref. 2; AAA21143)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 66
FT /note="V -> G (in Ref. 4; AAN76508)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 155 AA; 17628 MW; 816667DFEA052EDF CRC64;
MYKIQLLSCI ALTLALVANG APTSSSTGNT MKEVKSLLLD LQLLLEKVKN PENLKLSRMH
TFDFYVPKVN ATELKHLKCL LEELKLLEEV LNLAPSKNLN PREIKDSMDN IKRIVLELQG
SETRFTCEYD DATVNAVEFL NKWITFCQSI YSTMT
//
