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Database: UniProt
Entry: PLPL1_HUMAN
LinkDB: PLPL1_HUMAN
Original site: PLPL1_HUMAN 
ID   PLPL1_HUMAN             Reviewed;         532 AA.
AC   Q8N8W4; A3RMU3; J3JS20; Q2A6N1; Q3SY95; Q3SY96; Q5R3L2;
DT   26-JUN-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   18-MAY-2010, sequence version 3.
DT   24-JAN-2024, entry version 144.
DE   RecName: Full=Omega-hydroxyceramide transacylase {ECO:0000305|PubMed:27751867, ECO:0000305|PubMed:28248318};
DE            EC=2.3.1.296 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27751867, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318};
DE   AltName: Full=Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 1 {ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:21246};
GN   Name=PNPLA1 {ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:21246};
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC   Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   PubMed=16799181; DOI=10.1194/jlr.m600185-jlr200;
RA   Wilson P.A., Gardner S.D., Lambie N.M., Commans S.A., Crowther D.J.;
RT   "Characterization of the human patatin-like phospholipase family.";
RL   J. Lipid Res. 47:1940-1949(2006).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), AND VARIANT HIS-423.
RC   TISSUE=Kidney;
RX   PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285;
RA   Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R.,
RA   Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H.,
RA   Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S.,
RA   Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K.,
RA   Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H.,
RA   Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M.,
RA   Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K.,
RA   Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T.,
RA   Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M.,
RA   Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S.,
RA   Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H.,
RA   Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K.,
RA   Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N.,
RA   Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S.,
RA   Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O.,
RA   Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H.,
RA   Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B.,
RA   Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y.,
RA   Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K.,
RA   Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T.,
RA   Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T.,
RA   Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y.,
RA   Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H.,
RA   Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y.,
RA   Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H.,
RA   Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O.,
RA   Isogai T., Sugano S.;
RT   "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human
RT   cDNAs.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=14574404; DOI=10.1038/nature02055;
RA   Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L.,
RA   Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R.,
RA   Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D.,
RA   Andrews T.D., Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J.,
RA   Banerjee R., Barker D.J., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beare D.M., Beasley H.,
RA   Beasley O., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bray-Allen S., Brook J., Brown A.J.,
RA   Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Carder C., Carter N.P.,
RA   Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clark G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V.,
RA   Collier R.E., Collins J.E., Colman L.K., Corby N.R., Coville G.J.,
RA   Culley K.M., Dhami P., Davies J., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.E.,
RA   Evans K.A., Faulkner L., Francis M.D., Frankish A., Frankland J.,
RA   French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Ghori M.J., Gilby L.M., Gillson C.J.,
RA   Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Grant M., Gribble S., Griffiths C.,
RA   Griffiths M.N.D., Hall R., Halls K.S., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A.,
RA   Heath P.D., Heathcott R., Holmes S.J., Howden P.J., Howe K.L., Howell G.R.,
RA   Huckle E., Humphray S.J., Humphries M.D., Hunt A.R., Johnson C.M.,
RA   Joy A.A., Kay M., Keenan S.J., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K.,
RA   Langford C., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Leversha M., Lloyd C.R.,
RA   Lloyd D.M., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M.,
RA   Maslen G.L., Matthews L., McCann O.T., McLaren S.J., McLay K., McMurray A.,
RA   Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Niblett D., Nickerson T., Novik K.L.,
RA   Oliver K., Overton-Larty E.K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I.,
RA   Phillimore B.J.C.T., Phillips S., Plumb R.W., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y.,
RA   Ranby S.A., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Searle S.M., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E.,
RA   Skuce C.D., Smith S., Smith M., Spraggon L., Squares S.L., Steward C.A.,
RA   Sycamore N., Tamlyn-Hall G., Tester J., Theaker A.J., Thomas D.W.,
RA   Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M.,
RA   West A.P., White S.S., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker H., Wild A., Willey D.J.,
RA   Wilmer T.E., Wood J.M., Wray P.W., Wyatt J.C., Young L., Younger R.M.,
RA   Bentley D.R., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Dunham I.,
RA   Rogers J., Beck S.;
RT   "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.";
RL   Nature 425:805-811(2003).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2 AND 3), AND VARIANTS
RP   HIS-423; MET-490 AND PRO-522.
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [5]
RP   FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INVOLVEMENT IN ARCI10,
RP   AND VARIANTS ARCI10 VAL-59 AND 131-GLU--GLN-532 DEL.
RX   PubMed=22246504; DOI=10.1038/ng.1056;
RA   Grall A., Guaguere E., Planchais S., Grond S., Bourrat E., Hausser I.,
RA   Hitte C., Le Gallo M., Derbois C., Kim G.J., Lagoutte L.,
RA   Degorce-Rubiales F., Radner F.P., Thomas A., Kuery S., Bensignor E.,
RA   Fontaine J., Pin D., Zimmermann R., Zechner R., Lathrop M., Galibert F.,
RA   Andre C., Fischer J.;
RT   "PNPLA1 mutations cause autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in golden
RT   retriever dogs and humans.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 44:140-147(2012).
RN   [6]
RP   FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.
RX   PubMed=27751867; DOI=10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.036;
RA   Grond S., Eichmann T.O., Dubrac S., Kolb D., Schmuth M., Fischer J.,
RA   Crumrine D., Elias P.M., Haemmerle G., Zechner R., Lass A., Radner F.P.W.;
RT   "PNPLA1 Deficiency in Mice and Humans Leads to a Defect in the Synthesis of
RT   Omega-O-Acylceramides.";
RL   J. Invest. Dermatol. 137:394-402(2017).
RN   [7]
RP   INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=28248300; DOI=10.1038/ncomms14609;
RA   Hirabayashi T., Anjo T., Kaneko A., Senoo Y., Shibata A., Takama H.,
RA   Yokoyama K., Nishito Y., Ono T., Taya C., Muramatsu K., Fukami K.,
RA   Munoz-Garcia A., Brash A.R., Ikeda K., Arita M., Akiyama M., Murakami M.;
RT   "PNPLA1 has a crucial role in skin barrier function by directing
RT   acylceramide biosynthesis.";
RL   Nat. Commun. 8:14609-14609(2017).
RN   [8]
RP   FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS ARCI10
RP   THR-34; VAL-59 AND 131-GLU--GLN-532 DEL.
RX   PubMed=28248318; DOI=10.1038/ncomms14610;
RA   Ohno Y., Kamiyama N., Nakamichi S., Kihara A.;
RT   "PNPLA1 is a transacylase essential for the generation of the skin barrier
RT   lipid omega-O-acylceramide.";
RL   Nat. Commun. 8:14610-14610(2017).
RN   [9]
RP   VARIANT ARCI10 THR-34.
RX   PubMed=24344921; DOI=10.1111/bjd.12757;
RA   Fachal L., Rodriguez-Pazos L., Ginarte M., Carracedo A., Toribio J.,
RA   Vega A.;
RT   "Identification of a novel PNPLA1 mutation in a Spanish family with
RT   autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis.";
RL   Br. J. Dermatol. 170:980-982(2014).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Omega-hydroxyceramide transacylase involved in the synthesis
CC       of omega-O-acylceramides (esterified omega-hydroxyacyl-sphingosine;
CC       EOS), which are extremely hydrophobic lipids involved in skin barrier
CC       formation (PubMed:27751867, PubMed:28248318). Catalyzes the last step
CC       of the synthesis of omega-O-acylceramides by transferring linoleic acid
CC       from triglycerides to an omega-hydroxyceramide (PubMed:27751867,
CC       PubMed:28248318). Omega-O-acylceramides, are required for the
CC       biogenesis of lipid lamellae in the stratum corneum and the formation
CC       of the cornified lipid envelope which are essential for the epidermis
CC       barrier function (PubMed:22246504, PubMed:27751867, PubMed:28248318).
CC       These lipids also play a role in keratinocyte differentiation (By
CC       similarity). May also act on omega-hydroxylated ultra-long chain fatty
CC       acids (omega-OH ULCFA) and acylglucosylceramides (GlcEOS) (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:22246504, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27751867,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)-sphingoid base = a
CC         diacylglycerol + an N-[omega-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-O-ultra-long
CC         chain fatty acyl]-sphingoid base; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:61528,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774, ChEBI:CHEBI:144784,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:144785; EC=2.3.1.296;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:61529;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:28248318};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)-sphing-4-enine = a
CC         diacylglycerol + an N-(omega-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-ultra-long
CC         chain fatty acyl)-sphing-4-enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65692,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774, ChEBI:CHEBI:157662,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157663; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:27751867,
CC         ECO:0000305|PubMed:28248300};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65693;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:27751867, ECO:0000305|PubMed:28248300};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoylglycerol + N-(30-
CC         hydroxytriacontanoyl)-sphing-4-enine = di-(9Z,12Z)-
CC         octadecadienoylglycerol + N-[30-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-
CC         triacontanoyl]-sphing-4-enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:55264,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:34862, ChEBI:CHEBI:75844, ChEBI:CHEBI:138658,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:138664; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:55265;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:28248318};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + N-
CC         (28-hydroxyoctacosanoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol + N-(28-
CC         (9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-octacosanoyl)-sphing-4-enine;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65648, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157643, ChEBI:CHEBI:157652;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65649;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + N-
CC         (32-hydroxydotriacontanoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol + N-
CC         (32-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-dotricontanoyl)-sphing-4-enine;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65652, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157644, ChEBI:CHEBI:157653;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65653;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + N-
CC         (32-hydroxydotriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol + an N-
CC         (32-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-dotriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-enine;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65668, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157645, ChEBI:CHEBI:157657;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65669;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(34-hydroxytetratriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol +
CC         an N-(34-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-tetratriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-
CC         enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65672, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157646, ChEBI:CHEBI:157656;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65673;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(34-hydroxytetratriacontadienoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol
CC         + an N-(34-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-tetratriacontadienoyl)-sphing-
CC         4-enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65676, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157647, ChEBI:CHEBI:157658;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65677;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(36-hydroxyhexatriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol +
CC         an N-(36-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-hexatriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-
CC         enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65680, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157648, ChEBI:CHEBI:157659;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65681;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(36-hydroxyhexatriacontadienoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol
CC         + an N-(36-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-hexatriacontadienoyl)-sphing-
CC         4-enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65684, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157649, ChEBI:CHEBI:157660;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65685;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-containing triacyl-sn-glycerol + an
CC         N-(38-hydroxyoctatriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-enine = a diacylglycerol +
CC         an N-(38-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-octatriacontenoyl)-sphing-4-
CC         enine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65688, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:144774,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:157650, ChEBI:CHEBI:157661;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:65689;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q3V1D5};
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22246504}.
CC   -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC       Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3;
CC       Name=1;
CC         IsoId=Q8N8W4-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC       Name=2;
CC         IsoId=Q8N8W4-2; Sequence=VSP_026371;
CC       Name=3;
CC         IsoId=Q8N8W4-3; Sequence=VSP_026371, VSP_026372;
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the digestive system. Expressed in the
CC       epidermis of skin keratinocytes. Strongly expressed in the granular
CC       layer. Expressed in the upper epidermis and eccrine sweat glands of the
CC       dermis and in the region of keratin filament bundles, which is more
CC       pronounced in upper epidermal layers and in the lower cornified layers.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16799181, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22246504}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated upon induced differentiation of keratinocytes.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248300}.
CC   -!- DISEASE: Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 10 (ARCI10)
CC       [MIM:615024]: A form of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, a
CC       disorder of keratinization with abnormal differentiation and
CC       desquamation of the epidermis, resulting in abnormal skin scaling over
CC       the whole body. The main skin phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis (LI)
CC       and non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), although
CC       phenotypic overlap within the same patient or among patients from the
CC       same family can occur. Lamellar ichthyosis is a condition often
CC       associated with an embedment in a collodion-like membrane at birth;
CC       skin scales later develop, covering the entire body surface. Non-
CC       bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma characterized by fine
CC       whitish scaling on an erythrodermal background; larger brownish scales
CC       are present on the buttocks, neck and legs.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22246504, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24344921,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318}. Note=The disease is caused by variants
CC       affecting the gene represented in this entry.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: [Isoform 2]: Inactive. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: [Isoform 3]: Inactive. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AM182887; CAJ58679.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AK096074; BAC04697.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; Z84484; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC103905; AAI03906.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC103906; AAI03907.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC103907; AAI03908.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS34438.1; -. [Q8N8W4-2]
DR   CCDS; CCDS47416.1; -. [Q8N8W4-3]
DR   CCDS; CCDS54997.1; -. [Q8N8W4-1]
DR   RefSeq; NP_001139188.1; NM_001145716.2. [Q8N8W4-3]
DR   RefSeq; NP_001139189.2; NM_001145717.1. [Q8N8W4-1]
DR   RefSeq; NP_775947.2; NM_173676.2. [Q8N8W4-2]
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   SMR; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   BioGRID; 130231; 24.
DR   IntAct; Q8N8W4; 8.
DR   STRING; 9606.ENSP00000378072; -.
DR   SwissLipids; SLP:000001823; -.
DR   iPTMnet; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   BioMuta; PNPLA1; -.
DR   DMDM; 296452995; -.
DR   MassIVE; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000378072; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   Antibodypedia; 29651; 155 antibodies from 17 providers.
DR   DNASU; 285848; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000312917.9; ENSP00000321116.5; ENSG00000180316.13. [Q8N8W4-3]
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000388715.7; ENSP00000373367.3; ENSG00000180316.13. [Q8N8W4-2]
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000394571.3; ENSP00000378072.2; ENSG00000180316.13. [Q8N8W4-1]
DR   GeneID; 285848; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:285848; -.
DR   UCSC; uc003olw.2; human. [Q8N8W4-1]
DR   AGR; HGNC:21246; -.
DR   CTD; 285848; -.
DR   DisGeNET; 285848; -.
DR   GeneCards; PNPLA1; -.
DR   GeneReviews; PNPLA1; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:21246; PNPLA1.
DR   HPA; ENSG00000180316; Tissue enriched (skin).
DR   MalaCards; PNPLA1; -.
DR   MIM; 612121; gene.
DR   MIM; 615024; phenotype.
DR   neXtProt; NX_Q8N8W4; -.
DR   OpenTargets; ENSG00000180316; -.
DR   Orphanet; 79394; Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.
DR   PharmGKB; PA134887192; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000180316; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG3773; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00940000160828; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 5395310at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF314272; -.
DR   BioCyc; MetaCyc:ENSG00000180316-MONOMER; -.
DR   BRENDA; 2.3.1.296; 2681.
DR   PathwayCommons; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   SignaLink; Q8N8W4; -.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 285848; 16 hits in 1146 CRISPR screens.
DR   ChiTaRS; PNPLA1; human.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 285848; -.
DR   Pharos; Q8N8W4; Tbio.
DR   PRO; PR:Q8N8W4; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 6.
DR   RNAct; Q8N8W4; Protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSG00000180316; Expressed in skin of abdomen and 73 other cell types or tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; Q8N8W4; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; Q8N8W4; HS.
DR   GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005811; C:lipid droplet; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0016747; F:acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0106341; F:omega-hydroxyceramide transacylase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030280; F:structural constituent of skin epidermis; IC:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0004806; F:triglyceride lipase activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0046513; P:ceramide biosynthetic process; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0055088; P:lipid homeostasis; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0106342; P:omega-hydroxyceramide biosynthetic process; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0019433; P:triglyceride catabolic process; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   CDD; cd07219; Pat_PNPLA1; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.1090.10; Cytosolic phospholipase A2 catalytic domain; 2.
DR   InterPro; IPR016035; Acyl_Trfase/lysoPLipase.
DR   InterPro; IPR033562; PLPL.
DR   InterPro; IPR039180; PNPLA1.
DR   InterPro; IPR002641; PNPLA_dom.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR12406; CALCIUM-INDEPENDENT PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 IPLA2 -RELATED; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR12406:SF23; OMEGA-HYDROXYCERAMIDE TRANSACYLASE; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF01734; Patatin; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF52151; FabD/lysophospholipase-like; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51635; PNPLA; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Alternative splicing; Cytoplasm; Disease variant; Ichthyosis;
KW   Lipid biosynthesis; Lipid metabolism; Reference proteome; Transferase.
FT   CHAIN           1..532
FT                   /note="Omega-hydroxyceramide transacylase"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000292019"
FT   DOMAIN          16..185
FT                   /note="PNPLA"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161"
FT   REGION          290..457
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          489..532
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   MOTIF           51..55
FT                   /note="GXSXG"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161"
FT   MOTIF           172..174
FT                   /note="DGA/G"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161"
FT   COMPBIAS        327..341
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        354..368
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        385..400
FT                   /note="Pro residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        401..444
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        508..523
FT                   /note="Basic residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   ACT_SITE        53
FT                   /note="Nucleophile"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161"
FT   ACT_SITE        172
FT                   /note="Proton acceptor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161"
FT   VAR_SEQ         1..95
FT                   /note="Missing (in isoform 2 and isoform 3)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039,
FT                   ECO:0000303|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VSP_026371"
FT   VAR_SEQ         168
FT                   /note="V -> VWAFLTLPPQ (in isoform 3)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VSP_026372"
FT   VARIANT         34
FT                   /note="A -> T (in ARCI10; decreased omega-hydroxyceramide
FT                   transacylase activity; dbSNP:rs1182312612)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:24344921,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318"
FT                   /id="VAR_084012"
FT   VARIANT         59
FT                   /note="A -> V (in ARCI10; decreased omega-hydroxyceramide
FT                   transacylase activity; dbSNP:rs1561853847)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22246504,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318"
FT                   /id="VAR_069566"
FT   VARIANT         131..532
FT                   /note="Missing (in ARCI10; loss of omega-hydroxyceramide
FT                   transacylase activity; dbSNP:rs1561864453)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22246504,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:28248318"
FT                   /id="VAR_084013"
FT   VARIANT         423
FT                   /note="P -> H (in dbSNP:rs12199580)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14702039,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VAR_032929"
FT   VARIANT         490
FT                   /note="T -> M (in dbSNP:rs12197079)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VAR_032930"
FT   VARIANT         522
FT                   /note="S -> P (in dbSNP:rs4713956)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VAR_032931"
FT   CONFLICT        147
FT                   /note="A -> AA (in Ref. 1; CAJ58679)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ   SEQUENCE   532 AA;  57875 MW;  175852A0FFABE035 CRC64;
     MEEQVFKGDP DTPHSISFSG SGFLSFYQAG AVDALRDLAP RMLETAHRFA GTSAGAVIAA
     LAICGIEMDE YLRVLNVGVA EVKKSFLGPL SPSCKMVQMM RQFLYRVLPE DSYKVTTGKL
     HVSLTRLTDG ENVVVSEFTS KEELIEALYC SCFVPVYCGL IPPTYRGVRY IDGGFTGMQP
     CAFWTDAITI STFSGQQDIC PRDCPAIFHD FRMFNCSFQF SLENIARMTH ALFPPDLVIL
     HDYYYRGYED AVLYLRRLNA VYLNSSSKRV IFPRVEVYCQ IELALGNECP ERSQPSLRAR
     QASLEGATQP HKEWVPKGDG RGSHGPPVSQ PVQTLEFTCE SPVSAPVSPL EQPPAQPLAS
     STPLSLSGMP PVSFPAVHKP PSSTPGSSLP TPPPGLSPLS PQQQVQPSGS PARSLHSQAP
     TSPRPSLGPS TVGAPQTLPR SSLSAFPAQP PVEELGQEQP QAVALLVSSK PKSAVPLVHV
     KETVSKPYVT ESPAEDSNWV NKVFKKNKQK TSGTRKGFPR HSGSKKPSSK VQ
//
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