Intellectual developmental disorder, formerly known as Mental retardation (MR), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by low intelligence quotient (IQ) and deficits in adaptive behaviors. To date, several causative genes have been identified. These genes have a variety of functions and participate in multiple biochemical pathways. In addition, there are several known disease loci for which genes have not yet been identified.
Category
Mental and behavioural disorder
Brite
Human diseases [BR:br08402]
Other diseases
Mental and behavioural disorders
H00768 Autosomal recessive intellectual developmental disorder
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders
6A00 Disorders of intellectual development
H00768 Autosomal recessive intellectual developmental disorder
Kuss AW, Garshasbi M, Kahrizi K, Tzschach A, Behjati F, Darvish H, Abbasi-Moheb L, Puettmann L, Zecha A, Weissmann R, Hu H, Mohseni M, Abedini SS, Rajab A, Hertzberg C, Wieczorek D, Ullmann R, Ghasemi-Firouzabadi S, Banihashemi S, Arzhangi S, Hadavi V, Bahrami-Monajemi G, Kasiri M, Falah M, Nikuei P, Dehghan A, Sobhani M, Jamali P, Ropers HH, Najmabadi H
Title
Autosomal recessive mental retardation: homozygosity mapping identifies 27 single linkage intervals, at least 14 novel loci and several mutation hotspots.
Hu H, Eggers K, Chen W, Garshasbi M, Motazacker MM, Wrogemann K, Kahrizi K, Tzschach A, Hosseini M, Bahman I, Hucho T, Muhlenhoff M, Gerardy-Schahn R, Najmabadi H, Ropers HH, Kuss AW
Title
ST3GAL3 mutations impair the development of higher cognitive functions.
Mir A, Kaufman L, Noor A, Motazacker MM, Jamil T, Azam M, Kahrizi K, Rafiq MA, Weksberg R, Nasr T, Naeem F, Tzschach A, Kuss AW, Ishak GE, Doherty D, Ropers HH, Barkovich AJ, Najmabadi H, Ayub M, Vincent JB
Title
Identification of mutations in TRAPPC9, which encodes the NIK- and IKK-beta-binding protein, in nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive mental retardation.
Caliskan M, Chong JX, Uricchio L, Anderson R, Chen P, Sougnez C, Garimella K, Gabriel SB, dePristo MA, Shakir K, Matern D, Das S, Waggoner D, Nicolae DL, Ober C
Title
Exome sequencing reveals a novel mutation for autosomal recessive non-syndromic mental retardation in the TECR gene on chromosome 19p13.
Rafiq MA, Kuss AW, Puettmann L, Noor A, Ramiah A, Ali G, Hu H, Kerio NA, Xiang Y, Garshasbi M, Khan MA, Ishak GE, Weksberg R, Ullmann R, Tzschach A, Kahrizi K, Mahmood K, Naeem F, Ayub M, Moremen KW, Vincent JB, Ropers HH, Ansar M, Najmabadi H
Title
Mutations in the alpha 1,2-mannosidase gene, MAN1B1, cause autosomal-recessive intellectual disability.
Iqbal Z, Vandeweyer G, van der Voet M, Waryah AM, Zahoor MY, Besseling JA, Roca LT, Vulto-van Silfhout AT, Nijhof B, Kramer JM, Van der Aa N, Ansar M, Peeters H, Helsmoortel C, Gilissen C, Vissers LE, Veltman JA, de Brouwer AP, Frank Kooy R, Riazuddin S, Schenck A, van Bokhoven H, Rooms L
Title
Homozygous and heterozygous disruptions of ANK3: at the crossroads of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders.
Mir A, Sritharan K, Mittal K, Vasli N, Araujo C, Jamil T, Rafiq MA, Anwar Z, Mikhailov A, Rauf S, Mahmood H, Shakoor A, Ali S, So J, Naeem F, Ayub M, Vincent JB
Title
Truncation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase component FBXO31 causes non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability in a Pakistani family.
Law R, Dixon-Salazar T, Jerber J, Cai N, Abbasi AA, Zaki MS, Mittal K, Gabriel SB, Rafiq MA, Khan V, Nguyen M, Ali G, Copeland B, Scott E, Vasli N, Mikhailov A, Khan MN, Andrade DM, Ayaz M, Ansar M, Ayub M, Vincent JB, Gleeson JG
Title
Biallelic truncating mutations in FMN2, encoding the actin-regulatory protein Formin 2, cause nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive intellectual disability.
Ouyang Q, Nakayama T, Baytas O, Davidson SM, Yang C, Schmidt M, Lizarraga SB, Mishra S, Ei-Quessny M, Niaz S, Gul Butt M, Imran Murtaza S, Javed A, Chaudhry HR, Vaughan DJ, Hill RS, Partlow JN, Yoo SY, Lam AT, Nasir R, Al-Saffar M, Barkovich AJ, Schwede M, Nagpal S, Rajab A, DeBerardinis RJ, Housman DE, Mochida GH, Morrow EM
Title
Mutations in mitochondrial enzyme GPT2 cause metabolic dysfunction and neurological disease with developmental and progressive features.
Ahmed I, Buchert R, Zhou M, Jiao X, Mittal K, Sheikh TI, Scheller U, Vasli N, Rafiq MA, Brohi MQ, Mikhailov A, Ayaz M, Bhatti A, Sticht H, Nasr T, Carter MT, Uebe S, Reis A, Ayub M, John P, Kiledjian M, Vincent JB, Jamra RA
Title
Mutations in DCPS and EDC3 in autosomal recessive intellectual disability indicate a crucial role for mRNA decapping in neurodevelopment.
Heidari A, Tongsook C, Najafipour R, Musante L, Vasli N, Garshasbi M, Hu H, Mittal K, McNaughton AJ, Sritharan K, Hudson M, Stehr H, Talebi S, Moradi M, Darvish H, Arshad Rafiq M, Mozhdehipanah H, Rashidinejad A, Samiei S, Ghadami M, Windpassinger C, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Tzschach A, Ahmed I, Mikhailov A, Stavropoulos DJ, Carter MT, Keshavarz S, Ayub M, Najmabadi H, Liu X, Ropers HH, Macheroux P, Vincent JB
Title
Mutations in the histamine N-methyltransferase gene, HNMT, are associated with nonsyndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability.
Makrythanasis P, Kato M, Zaki MS, Saitsu H, Nakamura K, Santoni FA, Miyatake S, Nakashima M, Issa MY, Guipponi M, Letourneau A, Logan CV, Roberts N, Parry DA, Johnson CA, Matsumoto N, Hamamy H, Sheridan E, Kinoshita T, Antonarakis SE, Murakami Y
Title
Pathogenic Variants in PIGG Cause Intellectual Disability with Seizures and Hypotonia.
Pak C, Garshasbi M, Kahrizi K, Gross C, Apponi LH, Noto JJ, Kelly SM, Leung SW, Tzschach A, Behjati F, Abedini SS, Mohseni M, Jensen LR, Hu H, Huang B, Stahley SN, Liu G, Williams KR, Burdick S, Feng Y, Sanyal S, Bassell GJ, Ropers HH, Najmabadi H, Corbett AH, Moberg KH, Kuss AW
Title
Mutation of the conserved polyadenosine RNA binding protein, ZC3H14/dNab2, impairs neural function in Drosophila and humans.
Johansen A, Rosti RO, Musaev D, Sticca E, Harripaul R, Zaki M, Caglayan AO, Azam M, Sultan T, Froukh T, Reis A, Popp B, Ahmed I, John P, Ayub M, Ben-Omran T, Vincent JB, Gleeson JG, Abou Jamra R
Title
Mutations in MBOAT7, Encoding Lysophosphatidylinositol Acyltransferase I, Lead to Intellectual Disability Accompanied by Epilepsy and Autistic Features.
Tawamie H, Martianov I, Wohlfahrt N, Buchert R, Mengus G, Uebe S, Janiri L, Hirsch FW, Schumacher J, Ferrazzi F, Sticht H, Reis A, Davidson I, Colombo R, Abou Jamra R
Title
Hypomorphic Pathogenic Variants in TAF13 Are Associated with Autosomal-Recessive Intellectual Disability and Microcephaly.
Richard EM, Polla DL, Assir MZ, Contreras M, Shahzad M, Khan AA, Razzaq A, Akram J, Tarar MN, Blanpied TA, Ahmed ZM, Abou Jamra R, Wieczorek D, van Bokhoven H, Riazuddin S, Riazuddin S
Title
Bi-allelic Variants in METTL5 Cause Autosomal-Recessive Intellectual Disability and Microcephaly.
Morrison J, Altuwaijri NK, Bronstad K, Aksnes H, Alsaif HS, Evans A, Hashem M, Wheeler PG, Webb BD, Alkuraya FS, Arnesen T
Title
Missense NAA20 variants impairing the NatB protein N-terminal acetyltransferase cause autosomal recessive developmental delay, intellectual disability, and microcephaly.
