KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:bha00010 bha01200 bha01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bha00010 bha01200 bha01230 bha01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bha00010 bha00020 bha01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bha00010 bha00020 bha00620 bha01200 bha01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bha00020 bha01200 bha01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bha00020 bha01200 bha01210 bha01230 bha01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bha00020 bha01200 bha01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:bha00030 bha01200 bha01230 bha01100 bha01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:bha00030 bha00230 bha01200 bha01230 bha01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:bha00030 bha01200 bha01100 bha01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:bha00040 bha00030 bha01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:bha00052 bha01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bha00500 bha01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:bha00520 bha01250 bha01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:bha00520 bha00052 bha01250 bha01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bha00520 bha01250 bha01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bha00630 bha01200 bha01100 bha01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00167 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle, glyceraldehyde-3P => ribulose-5P [PATH:bha01200 bha01100 bha01120]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:bha00620 bha01200 bha01100 bha01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bha00430 bha00620 bha01200 bha01100 bha01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bha00910 bha01100 bha01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bha00920 bha01100 bha01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bha00190]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:bha00190]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bha00190]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bha00190]
M00416 Cytochrome aa3-600 menaquinol oxidase [PATH:bha00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bha00190]
M00159 V/A-type ATPase, prokaryotes [PATH:bha00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bha00061 bha01212 bha01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bha00061 bha01212 bha01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bha00061 bha00071 bha01212 bha01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bha00564 bha01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bha00230 bha01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bha00230 bha01232 bha01240 bha01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bha00230 bha01232 bha01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:bha00230 bha00240 bha01232 bha01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:bha00240 bha01240 bha01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bha00240 bha01232 bha01240 bha01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bha00260 bha00680 bha01200 bha01230 bha01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bha00260 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]
M00033 Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH:bha00260 bha01210 bha01230 bha01100 bha01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:bha00270 bha00920 bha01200 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:bha00270 bha01230 bha01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bha00290 bha00770 bha01210 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bha00290 bha01230 bha01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bha00290 bha01210 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bha00300 bha01230 bha01100]
M00526 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP dehydrogenase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bha00300 bha01230 bha01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bha00300 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bha00220 bha01210 bha01230 bha01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bha00220 bha01230 bha01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bha00330 bha01230 bha01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:bha00330 bha01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bha00340 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bha00340 bha01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bha00400 bha01230 bha01100 bha01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bha00480 bha01240 bha01100]
M00949 Staphylopine biosynthesis, L-histidine => staphylopine [PATH:bha00470 bha01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:bha00730 bha01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:bha00740 bha01240 bha01100 bha01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:bha00750 bha01240 bha01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bha00760 bha01240 bha01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bha00770 bha01240 bha01100 bha01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bha00770 bha01240 bha01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:bha00780 bha01240 bha01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bha00780 bha01240 bha01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:bha00785 bha01240 bha01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bha00790 bha00670 bha01240 bha01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bha00790 bha01240 bha01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:bha00670 bha01240 bha01100]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:bha00860 bha01240 bha01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:bha00860 bha01240 bha01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:bha00521 bha00523 bha00541 bha01250 bha01100 bha01110]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:bha01501]
M00700 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AbcA

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation