KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:biu00010 biu01200 biu01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:biu00010 biu01200 biu01230 biu01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:biu00010 biu00020 biu01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:biu00010 biu00020 biu00620 biu00785 biu01200 biu01210 biu01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:biu00020 biu01200 biu01210 biu01230 biu01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:biu00030 biu01200 biu01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:biu00030 biu00230 biu01200 biu01230 biu01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:biu00040 biu01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:biu00052 biu01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:biu00500 biu01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:biu00500 biu01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:biu00280 biu00630 biu00640 biu01200 biu01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:biu00562 biu01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:biu00562 biu01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:biu00562 biu01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:biu00190 biu01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:biu00190 biu01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:biu00190 biu01100]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:biu00190 biu01100]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:biu00190 biu01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:biu00190 biu01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:biu00061 biu01212 biu01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:biu00061 biu01212 biu01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:biu00062 biu01212 biu01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:biu00062 biu01040 biu01212 biu01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:biu00061 biu00071 biu01212 biu01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:biu00071 biu01212 biu01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:biu00100 biu01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:biu00100 biu01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:biu00120 biu01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:biu00140 biu01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:biu00140 biu01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:biu00140 biu01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:biu00140 biu01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:biu00140 biu01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:biu00561 biu01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:biu00561 biu01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:biu00564 biu01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:biu00564 biu01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:biu00600 biu01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:biu00600 biu01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:biu00600 biu00565 biu01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:biu00600 biu01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:biu00600 biu01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:biu00230 biu01232 biu01240 biu01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:biu00230 biu01232 biu01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:biu00230 biu00240 biu01232 biu01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:biu00230 biu01232 biu01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:biu00230 biu01232 biu01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:biu00240 biu01240 biu01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:biu00240 biu01232 biu01240 biu01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:biu00240 biu01232 biu01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:biu00240 biu00410 biu00770 biu01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:biu00260 biu01200 biu01230 biu01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:biu00260 biu00630 biu00670 biu00785 biu01200 biu01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:biu00260 biu00670 biu01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:biu00260 biu00670 biu01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:biu00260 biu00270 biu00670 biu01230 biu01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:biu00270 biu01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:biu00270 biu00670 biu01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:biu00280 biu01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:biu00310 biu01210 biu01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:biu00220 biu01230 biu01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:biu00220 biu01230 biu01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:biu00330 biu01230 biu01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:biu00330 biu00260 biu01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:biu00330 biu01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:biu00330 biu01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:biu00340 biu01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:biu00350 biu01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:biu00350 biu01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:biu00380 biu01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:biu00250 biu00650 biu01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:biu00480 biu01240 biu01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:biu00520 biu01250 biu01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:biu00520 biu00052 biu01250 biu01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:biu00520 biu01250 biu01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:biu00510 biu01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH:biu00512 biu01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:biu00515 biu01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:biu00563 biu01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:biu00601 biu01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:biu00601 biu01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:biu00603 biu01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:biu00604 biu01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:biu00532 biu00534 biu01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:biu00532 biu01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:biu00534 biu01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:biu00531 biu01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:biu00531 biu01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:biu00531 biu01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:biu00531 biu01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:biu00380 biu00760 biu01240 biu01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:biu00770 biu01240 biu01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:biu00785 biu01240 biu01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:biu00785 biu01240 biu01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:biu00790 biu01240 biu01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:biu00790 biu01240 biu01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:biu00670 biu01240 biu01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:biu00860 biu01240 biu01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:biu00130 biu01240 biu01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:biu00900 biu01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:biu00900 biu01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity