KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:cci00010 cci01200 cci01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:cci00010 cci01200 cci01230 cci01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:cci00010 cci00020 cci01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:cci00010 cci00020 cci00620 cci01200 cci01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:cci00020 cci01200 cci01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:cci00020 cci01200 cci01210 cci01230 cci01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:cci00020 cci01200 cci01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:cci00030 cci01200 cci01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:cci00030 cci01200 cci01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:cci00030 cci01200 cci01230 cci01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:cci00030 cci00230 cci01200 cci01230 cci01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:cci00040 cci01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:cci00052 cci01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:cci00500 cci01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:cci00500 cci01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:cci00520 cci01250 cci01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:cci00520 cci00052 cci01250 cci01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:cci00520 cci01250 cci01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:cci00630 cci01200 cci01100 cci01110]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:cci00562 cci01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:cci00562 cci01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:cci00910 cci01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:cci00920 cci01100]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:cci00190]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:cci00190]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:cci00190]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:cci00190]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:cci00190]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:cci00190]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:cci00190]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:cci00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:cci00061 cci01212 cci01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:cci00061 cci01212 cci01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:cci00062 cci01212 cci01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:cci00062 cci01040 cci01212 cci01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:cci00061 cci00071 cci01212 cci01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:cci00071 cci01212 cci01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00102 Ergocalciferol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => ergosterol/ergocalciferol [PATH:cci00100 cci01100 cci01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:cci00561 cci01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:cci00561 cci01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:cci00564 cci01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:cci00564 cci01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:cci00564 cci01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:cci00564 cci01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:cci00600 cci01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:cci00600 cci01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:cci00600 cci01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:cci00230 cci01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:cci00230 cci01232 cci01240 cci01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:cci00230 cci01232 cci01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis [PATH:cci00230 cci00240 cci01232 cci01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:cci00230 cci01232]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:cci00230 cci01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:cci00240 cci01240 cci01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:cci00240 cci01232 cci01240 cci01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonuleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:cci00240 cci01232 cci01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:cci00240 cci01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:cci00260 cci00680 cci01200 cci01230 cci01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:cci00260 cci01230 cci01100 cci01110]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:cci00260 cci01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:cci00260 cci00270 cci01230 cci01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:cci00270 cci01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:cci00290 cci00770 cci01210 cci01230 cci01100 cci01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:cci00290 cci01230 cci01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:cci00290 cci01210 cci01230 cci01100 cci01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:cci00280 cci01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00433 Lysine biosynthesis, 2-oxoglutarate => 2-oxoadipate [PATH:cci00300 cci01210 cci01230 cci01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:cci00220 cci01210 cci01230 cci01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:cci00220 cci01230 cci01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:cci00330 cci01230 cci01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:cci00330 cci01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:cci00330 cci01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:cci00340 cci01230 cci01100 cci01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:cci00400 cci01230 cci01100 cci01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:cci00400 cci01230 cci01100 cci01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:cci00350 cci01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:cci00250 cci00650 cci01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:cci00480 cci01240 cci01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:cci00510 cci01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:cci00510 cci00513 cci01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:cci00510 cci01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:cci01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:cci01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:cci01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:cci00750 cci01240 cci01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:cci00770 cci01240 cci01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:cci00780 cci01240 cci01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:cci00785 cci01240 cci01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:cci00785 cci01240 cci01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:cci00790 cci00670 cci01240 cci01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:cci00790 cci01240 cci01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:cci00670 cci01240 cci01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:cci00860 cci01240 cci01100 cci01110]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:cci00130 cci01240 cci01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:cci00900 cci01100 cci01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation