KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:cem00010 cem01200 cem01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:cem00010 cem01200 cem01230 cem01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:cem00010 cem00020 cem01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:cem00010 cem00020 cem00620 cem00785 cem01200 cem01210 cem01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:cem00020 cem01200 cem01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:cem00020 cem01200 cem01210 cem01230 cem01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:cem00020 cem01200 cem01210 cem01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:cem00030 cem01200 cem01100 cem01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:cem00030 cem01200 cem01100 cem01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:cem00030 cem01200 cem01230 cem01100 cem01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:cem00030 cem00230 cem01200 cem01230 cem01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:cem00030 cem01200 cem01100 cem01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:cem00052 cem01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:cem00052 cem01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:cem00500 cem01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:cem00500 cem01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:cem00520 cem01250 cem01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:cem00520 cem00052 cem01250 cem01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:cem00520 cem01250 cem01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:cem00520 cem01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:cem00630 cem01200 cem01100 cem01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:cem00620 cem00710 cem01200 cem01100 cem01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:cem00430 cem00620 cem00720 cem01200 cem01100 cem01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:cem00910 cem01100 cem01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:cem00920 cem01100 cem01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:cem00190 cem01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:cem00190 cem01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:cem00190 cem01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:cem00190 cem01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:cem00190 cem01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:cem00061 cem01212 cem01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:cem00061 cem01212 cem01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:cem00061 cem00071 cem01212 cem01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:cem00071 cem01212 cem01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:cem00564 cem01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:cem00230 cem01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:cem00230 cem01232 cem01240 cem01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:cem00230 cem01232 cem01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:cem00230 cem00240 cem01232 cem01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:cem00240 cem01240 cem01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:cem00240 cem01232 cem01240 cem01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:cem00240 cem01232 cem01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:cem00260 cem00680 cem01200 cem01230 cem01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:cem00260 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:cem00260 cem00630 cem00785 cem01200 cem01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:cem00260 cem01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:cem00270 cem00920 cem01200 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:cem00260 cem00270 cem01230 cem01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:cem00270 cem01230 cem01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:cem00270 cem01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:cem00290 cem00770 cem01210 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:cem00290 cem01230 cem01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:cem00290 cem01210 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:cem00300 cem01230 cem01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:cem00220 cem01210 cem01230 cem01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:cem00220 cem01230 cem01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:cem00330 cem01230 cem01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:cem00330 cem01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:cem00330 cem01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00136 GABA biosynthesis, prokaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:cem00330 cem01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:cem00340 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:cem00340 cem01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:cem00400 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:cem00400 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:cem00400 cem01230 cem01100 cem01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:cem00400 cem01230 cem01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:cem00480 cem01240 cem01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:cem00540 cem01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:cem00540 cem01250 cem01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:cem00540 cem01250 cem01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:cem00730 cem01240 cem01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:cem00730 cem01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:cem00740 cem01240 cem01100 cem01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:cem00750 cem01240 cem01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:cem00770 cem01240 cem01100 cem01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:cem00770 cem01240 cem01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:cem00780 cem01240 cem01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:cem00780 cem01240 cem01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:cem00785 cem01240 cem01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:cem00790 cem00670 cem01240 cem01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:cem00790 cem01240 cem01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:cem00860 cem01240 cem01100 cem01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:cem00860 cem01240 cem01100 cem01110]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:cem00130 cem01240 cem01100 cem01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:cem00130 cem01240 cem01100 cem01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
M00918 Aerobactin biosynthesis, lysine => aerobactin [PATH:cem00997 cem01100 cem01110]

Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00878 Phenylacetate degradation, phenylaxetate => acetyl-CoA/succinyl-CoA [PATH:cem00360 cem01100 cem01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation