KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:dhe00010 dhe01200 dhe01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:dhe00010 dhe01200 dhe01230 dhe01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:dhe00010 dhe00020 dhe01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:dhe00010 dhe00020 dhe00620 dhe00785 dhe01200 dhe01210 dhe01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:dhe00020 dhe01200 dhe01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:dhe00020 dhe01200 dhe01210 dhe01230 dhe01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:dhe00020 dhe01200 dhe01210 dhe01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:dhe00030 dhe01200 dhe01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:dhe00030 dhe01200 dhe01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:dhe00030 dhe01200 dhe01230 dhe01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:dhe00030 dhe00230 dhe01200 dhe01230 dhe01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:dhe00040 dhe01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:dhe00500 dhe01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:dhe00500 dhe01100]
M00013 Malonate semialdehyde pathway, propanoyl-CoA => acetyl-CoA [PATH:dhe00410 dhe00640 dhe01200 dhe01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:dhe00562 dhe01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:dhe00190 dhe01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:dhe00190 dhe01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:dhe00190 dhe01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:dhe00061 dhe01212 dhe01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:dhe00061 dhe01212 dhe01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:dhe00062 dhe01212 dhe01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:dhe00062 dhe01040 dhe01212 dhe01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:dhe00061 dhe00071 dhe01212 dhe01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:dhe00071 dhe01212 dhe01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:dhe01040 dhe01212 dhe01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:dhe00561 dhe01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:dhe00561 dhe01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:dhe00564 dhe01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:dhe00564 dhe01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:dhe00600 dhe01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:dhe00600 dhe01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:dhe00600 dhe01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:dhe00230 dhe01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:dhe00230 dhe01232 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:dhe00230 dhe01232 dhe01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:dhe00230 dhe00240 dhe01232 dhe01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:dhe00230 dhe01232 dhe01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:dhe00230 dhe01232 dhe01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:dhe00240 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:dhe00240 dhe01232 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:dhe00240 dhe01232 dhe01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:dhe00240 dhe00410 dhe00770 dhe01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:dhe00260 dhe01200 dhe01230 dhe01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:dhe00260 dhe00630 dhe00670 dhe00785 dhe01200 dhe01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:dhe00260 dhe00670 dhe01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:dhe00260 dhe00270 dhe00670 dhe01230 dhe01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:dhe00270 dhe01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:dhe00270 dhe00670 dhe01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:dhe00280 dhe01100]

Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:dhe00330 dhe01230 dhe01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:dhe00330 dhe01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:dhe00330 dhe01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:dhe00330 dhe01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:dhe00330 dhe01100]

Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:dhe00350 dhe01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:dhe00250 dhe00650 dhe01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:dhe00480 dhe01240 dhe01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:dhe00520 dhe01250 dhe01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:dhe00520 dhe01250 dhe01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:dhe00510 dhe01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:dhe00510 dhe01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH:dhe00563 dhe01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:dhe00532 dhe00534 dhe01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:dhe00532 dhe01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:dhe00534 dhe01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:dhe00770 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:dhe00785 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:dhe00785 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:dhe00790 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:dhe00790 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:dhe00670 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:dhe00860 dhe01240 dhe01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinone [PATH:dhe00130 dhe01240 dhe01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:dhe00900 dhe01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:dhe00900 dhe01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity